M.Comm. / Die hoofdoel van die studie is om die toepassing van besigheidsgerigte beplanning in HOP-projekte se potensiele waarde vir beplanning in die openbare sektor na te vors. Verdere doelstellings van die studie is die volgende: om die agtergrond, konteks en teorie in verband met die HOP na te vors, om die veranderinge en nuwe verwikkelinge in die HOP vas te stel, om die implementering en lewering van die HOP en sy projekte na te vors, om die kultuurverandering in besigheidsgerigte beplanning binne die openbare sektor te bepaal, om die bestaande privaatsektor- en regeringsriglyne en teorie oor besigheidsplanne na te vors, om die toepassing en waarde van die gestelde beginsels in die opstelling van besigheidsplanne vir HOP-projekte empiries te bepaal, om gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings uit die navorsing te maak.

The dawn of democracy in 1994 brought hope to South Africans particularly those who had been previously disadvantaged as a result of apartheid policies. This new hope was premised on a vision of creating a people-centred society and a better life for all expressed in the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) whose goals were to eliminate poverty and inequalities of the decades of apartheid. In order to meet this vision the RDP made explicit reference to building the capacity of civil society through extensive development of human resource. It provided a central role for nonprofit organizations. A vibrant and diverse civil society is important in consolidating and sustaining democracy as well as in holding government accountable. Since 1994 government has involved civil society in various stages of policy development aimed at alleviating poverty. This study therefore evaluates the extent to which programmes implemented by civil society, particularly in partnership with Social Development, are participative, empowering, effective and sustainable. This research indicates that civil society, have succeeded in mobilizing communities to take charge of their own development. This has been achieved through activities like needs and beneficiary identification, project implementation and fund raising. Despite this success the study shows that civil society experience challenges in ensuring that their programmes are effective and sustainable. These challenges include limited funding, lack of various skills including management skills, organizational skills, resource mobilization and accountability. The study contends that civil society has a critical role in implementing poverty alleviation programmes and in occupying space between the state and the community. In order to ensure long lasting impact of programmes, there is a great need for strengthening the organizational, management and administrative capacity of civil society. It is generally accepted that local organization capacity is recognized as key for development effectiveness and empowerment of the poor. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted

M.Com. (Economics) / This study attempts to critically evaluate some of the aspects of policy recommendations presently being made for economic development as a contribution to the debate on an optimal approach for the reconstruction and development of the South African economy. The new and, for South Africa, unknown democratic era, in which widely differing ideological approaches towards economic development converge, offers an unique opportunity for reconciliation within the democratic structures. With this in mind, the ideological framework in terms of economic theory provides an explanation as to the divergent views on economic development and the relief of poverty. The White Paper, on Reconstruction and Development, to some extent seem to reconcile the ideological differences found within the Government of National Unity. There do, nevertheless, remain differences that need to be highlighted, especially when considering the evolution of the ideological base of the African National Congress Alliance as the main partner in the Government of National Unity. The impact of changing circumstances since the Freedom Charter, the ANC's first major economic policy statement, seem to explain the shift in the Alliance's socialistic and labour related affinity in subsequent publications as well as the White Paper on Reconstruction and Development. With the ANC evolving into a government in waiting and with external V11l influences, especially the lessons from the international development experience and the policy fundamentals inherent to the Normative Economic Model, becoming stark realities, the shift towards a more pragmatic and market acknowledging approach, as expressed in the White Paper on Reconstruction and development, became more pronounced. When considering the White Paper as a management program for the development of the South African economy, a wide array of sometimes contradictory goals are found which further highlights the ideological base in favour of labour. This may be the result of a program that tends to be populist and attempting to satisfy needs over the full spectrum of society. However, the lessons from the international development experience were fully taken into account and the White Paper on Reconstruction and Development cannot be faulted for not incorporating all the ingredients of present day state-of-the-art development policy. Resources for, and management ofthe program poses the more serious problems. According to the Reconstruction and Development Program ofthe African National Congress, the government submits to a people driven development approach. Following the evaluation of the goals set to meet basic needs, two major problems arise, namely that the stated goals will probably be insufficient to satisfy the social backlog and will probably be unrealistic to achieve over as short a period as five years. The populist democracy that flows from the people driven process propagated by the Reconstruction and Development Program places certain constraints on the effective management of the reform process and as such may result in South Africa not achieving its potential rate of development. The inclusion of local an provincial government structures, civic organisations and others in the decision making process will enhance the credibility of policies but is slow in the development of policies and their implementation. The uncertainty surrounding the jurisdiction and competency of these new and democratised structures leads to the questioning of this process as far as the effective management of the development program is concerned. International experience has shown that a decisive and coherent economic team, visionary economic leadership and a strong political and judicial base to drive policy implementation are necessary ingredients for a development and reform program to succeed.

So much has been said and written about the Reconstruction and Development Programme by a bewildering array of development specialists, politicians, bureaucrats and commentators that it seems inconceivable that anyone familiar with policy debates would still lack an understanding of it. But amid the speeches, publications, policy documents and newspaper articles, the RDP has lost its meaning and coherence. It has come to mean anything anyone wants it to mean; with a little ingenuity, anything can be made to fit in with the goals of the RDP. It has thus become too broad and imprecise to refer only to what was originally intended. This paper offers an analysis of the RDP’s approach at national and provincial levels, and provides a conceptual framework within which the RDP’s Basic Needs approach to development is assessed. It forms part of a continuing project which seeks to examine the RDP and its implementation by the provinces, and was based on interviews with provincial and national RDP officials, development planners in the provinces, and a thorough content analysis of official policy documents, memoranda and minutes. The institutionalisation of the RDP will be examined by analysing problems faced in the course of implementing it in the provinces. Gauteng, Mpumalanga and North West were chosen as case studies; w'hile they were selected randomly, the goal was to examine three provinces with different socio-economic profiles, allowing significant lessons to be extrapolated from their short experience of implementing the RDP. Their priorities and strategic approaches will be assessed, and problems examined, to suggest lessons for policy and planning that might throw light on similar issues in other provinces. Finally, the paper will analyse indications that the government is making subtle strategic changes towards rearticulating the RDP within a new time frame, and moving towards a tightly co-ordinated set of institutional structures and intergovernmental planning systems. / Social policy series

Thesis (PhD(Theology)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 389-408)

M.Comm. / Verstedeliking, veral in die ontwikkelende lande, is die norm van die dag. Dit is ook meer sigbaar as ooit in Suid Afrika. Gepaard met hierdie tendens dra versnelde populasiegroei,in beide stedelike en landelike gebiede by tot die enorme tekort aan voldoende behuising in Suid Afrika. Alhoewel daar daadwerklike pogings van Regeringskant is om die groot tekort op behuisings gebied aan te spreek, is daar onderliggende faktore wat hierdie proses kniehalter. Nasionale en Provinsiale Regering vind hulself in 'n baie ongemaklike situasie. Daar is die minderheid populasie wat 'n huis besit, maar daar is aan die anderkant die groot meerderheid van ons populasie wat nie 'n huis het nie en ook nie een finansieel kan bekostig nie. Tot op datum is die stadige leweringsproses van die dilemma onaanvaarbaar vir die meeste huisloses. Die meganismes werk stadig en rompslomp bestuur vertraag die proses daagliks. Die doelwit wat die Regering daar gestel het om een miljoen nuwe huise voor die einde van die jaar 1999 te voorsien word ernstig deur byna alle Suid Afrikaners bevraagteken. Alhoewel die politieke wil vir die lewering van huise daar is, word die beloftes om te lewer nie gestand gedoen nie. Daar is natuurlik verskeie redes waarom daar nie aan die behoeftes voorsien kan word nie en die doel van hierdie studie is om die moontlike beperkende faktore te ,ondersoek. As 'n gevolg van die totale omvang van die behuisings tekort, word daar slegs na enkele makro faktore gekyk en sluit dit dus mikro faktore uit. Hierdie makro faktore sluit bekostigbaarheid, populasie verspreiding en opleiding in en word in hoofstuk 2 breedvoerig uitgelig. Die mees beduidende beperkende faktor wat die lewering van behuising beinvloed is die bekostigbaarheid van huishoudings. Werkskeppings programme, saam met die verbetering van ongeballanseerde inkomevlakke sal as oogmerk die enigste manier wees waarop hierdie behoefte bevredig sal kan word. Die behuisings dilemma en gegewe die huidige ekonomiese toestande, het die perkende faktore natuurlik ook verrykende implikasies op Suid Afrika se ekonomiese vermoe en finansiele bronne. In die lig Kievan was dit dan ook nodig om te kyk na beleidsrigting, kommunikasie, finansiering en die subsidie skema van die owerheid. Nieteenstaande hierdie faktore en beperkinge is dit geregverdig om die Nasionale Regering krediet te gee van wat wel bereik is in die tydperk sedert die 1994 verkiesing en ook hoe die ekonomiese program GEAR hierdie pogings raak. Dit blyk duidelik uit die studie dat die optimistiese benadering wat net na die 1994 verkiesing gevolg is, groot verwagting geskep het by Jan-alleman. Hierdie verwagting blyk nou ook onrealisties te wees en hierdie studie bring perspektief tot die realiteit dat Suid Afrikaners nog vir 'n baie lang tydperk geduldig moet wees om behuising van goeie kwaliteit te bekom. Massa lewering van huise kan nie oornag plaasvind nie. Realiteit moet by die bevolking van Suid Afrika tuisgebring word. 'n Kultuur van gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid sal uit die aard van die saak die Regering se taak soveel meer vergemaklik.

M.Comm. / International studies have indicated that a high ratio of investment relative to Gross Domestic Product (GOP) is one of the most important preconditions for achieving sustainable high economic growth. For the South African economy to achieve a high employment and economic growth rate, it requires two further important factors, namely a sustained increase in productivity and an expansion of production capacity. Poor levels of investment performance, coupled with a lack of skilled labour, are the main reasons for restricted expansion in the country's growth potential and declining job opportunities. Keynes, (1936:30) argued that employment cannot increase without investment increasing, and strongly declared that the level of investment determines the level of employment. In his analysis, Keynes (1936:30) concluded that investment is a driving force for economic growth. Investment expenditure can be divided into four categories: - infrastructural investment in the public sector;- infrastructural investment in residential construction; - business fixed investment; and - the net change in the business inventories. This study examines Gross Domestic Fixed Investment and focuses mainly on private fixed investment as a driving force for economic growth for many years, GOP growth has been declining; unemployment has increased...

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Building / The increasing housing backlog in Gauteng has resulted in many challenges, amongst them a need in ensuring that there is a fair and transparent allocation of housing opportunities to communities. The City of Johannesburg is an accredited municipality and administers the housing process within its jurisdiction. The purpose for the accreditation of municipalities was to deal with the backlog and improve on housing delivery. The research examines the allocation process of Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) houses at the City of Johannesburg municipality. The study looked at the South African housing history, policies, and factors affecting the process with a view to highlight methods to improve the process. The qualitative approach to research was adopted in collecting data. Using the techniques of process mapping, data was collected through qualitative interviews and semi-structured questionnaires with key personnel at the municipality to develop a process map of the municipality’s allocation process. Through this process related issues contributing to backlogs and delays, and problems in the administration of the process were identified. Adopting a business process improvement tool could assist in improving the process and addressing the backlog issue. Keywords: Allocations, RDP houses, Processes, Backlogs and Business Process Improvement.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management in the field of Public and Development Management, MM(P&DM), 2016 / The South African government has been faced over time with the triple challenges of inequality, poverty and unemployment. Social ills such as poverty and unemployment can lead to situations where low income earners or unemployed citizens are unable to afford decent housing and adequate living standards, resulting in people living in slum conditions or sub-standard housing conditions. The problem of insufficient housing is an international phenomenon from which South Africa is not exempt. South Africa promulgated the Housing White Paper (which includes provision for social housing) in 1994 in an attempt to deal with the challenges of the housing problem. The Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP is a low-cost housing programme aimed at providing decent housing for poor citizens. The country continues to be challenged by an increase in the demand for housing. Research conducted on RDP housing revealed that there are a number of problems associated with the provision of RDP housing. These include the poor quality of many of the houses, lack of communication, and the duplication of functions of stakeholders. These challenges require government improvement in order to provide decent housing to citizens. / XL2018

Local Economic Development (LED) is one of the primary building blocks in terms of the economic growth and development equation for the Province. The primary challenges LED has the potential to address include the following: Job creation, the building of an enabling environment that will encourage economic engagement by a larger number of local entrepreneurs, drawing together a number of critical partners and mobilising their energies and resources towards local economic growth and development, facilitating access to finance, markets, capacity building and business support services, creating the environment which will effect economic viability of local communities and their Local Authorities, linking local product development to provincial, national and international markets. There are many other fundamental challenges. The key issue though is whether people in their communities, especially rural and peripheral environments, are benefiting in real terms regarding the quality of their lives. The LED programme will also give effect to the “Growth, Employment and Redistribution: A Macro Economic Strategy” framework that outlines the strategy for rebuilding and restructuring the South African economy. The document confirms Government’s commitment: “It is Government’s conviction that we have to mobilise all our energy in a new burst of economic activity. This will need to break current constraints and catapult the economy to higher levels of growth, development and employment needed to provide a better life for all South Africans.” (1996:2)