Thesis advisor: Susan Michalczyk / Isaac Newton's third Law of Motion states that "for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction." When things collide, there is an immutable effect on both the initiator and the reactor. In the same way, people are in constant motion, "colliding" with one another and irrevocably changing in the process. It was only when I had to live on my own at Boston College that I realized how much the people in my life had such a powerful influence in my life. They are the ones who guided me to evolve into the person I am today. Swayed by my scientific background, I had always believed that I was mostly predestined by my genetic makeup: who I will ultimately become was written in my DNA from conception. However, living in a suite with seven other women and developing close relationships with people who were so unique made me question everything: my beliefs, my approach, my reactions, my opinions. The first chapter is a personal experience I had with my mother in dealing with the cultural and language barriers we had to face. A great deal of our misunderstandings arose because I was the first generation in my family to be born in America and to pursue a higher education at college. Many children come to a point when they rebel against everything their parents tell them to do because they do not understand why their parents do and say the things they do. It is only after the child and the parents can come to a mutual comprehension of each other that steps can be made toward building a stronger relationship, a relationship that goes beyond the simple acts of obedience — or rebellion — and of giving commands. My parents had immigrated to America in their early twenties in pursuit of better opportunities for their future. It was not until I was older and when my relationship with my mother had deepened that I could begin to comprehend her side of the story, her journey, her past which had influenced her decisions that she had made for her children. In order to recount this experience creatively, pieces of conversations that I had with my mother are woven throughout my scenes and my mother's scenes, which, in their stark contrast, causes a palpable tension. Being able to recount the memories in retrospect gives the ability to compare each experience and to reach an understanding. The second chapter is an exploration of the ripple effect amongst strangers and how individuals are all connected in one way or another. Our influences are felt by those around us, even though we may not be directly connected with them. Opening with a dramatic scene, the reader is taken sequentially backwards in time, tracing the steps that the seemingly unconnected characters had taken, ultimately understanding the woman's motivation. Each individual's secrets and conditions all culminate into that moment where one person tries to take her own life. It is rarely one isolated moment that triggers action. Like a snowball that rolls down a hill, increasing its speed and its size over time, various facets of one's life and of other's lives collect together to produce a bigger consequence of which one is aware. The concluding chapter of this series explores the fictional world of a family dealing with the repercussions of their past actions. Each individual's decisions had ramifications for the rest of the family, which they struggle to deal with years later. Characters face guilt, anger, bitterness, and responsibility, as they are constantly reminded of the day when their lives came crashing down. Instead of telling these characters' story by starting from the past and proceeding to the present in chronological order, I decided to include pieces of information and scenes from their memories for the reader to piece together. In the end, the reader is left with having to make a decision: with whom will he or she ultimately sympathize? Will he or she even make that choice? This comprehensive and tedious project provided many obstacles and tensions throughout the year, but it was a journey and a journey worth taking. Before this year, I was never afforded the opportunity to pursue a goal I had set for myself after watching "A Walk to Remember" in high school: to write a novel. It has been rewarding to see the end product of constant revisions, of constant criticisms, and of constant growth. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2007. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: English. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

Neste trabalho investigaram-se os usos que um grupo de atores sociais ligados à música clássica fizeram do disco, do rádio e da história da música como instrumentos de educação e divulgação musicais. A investigação se concentrou no arco temporal compreendido entre os anos de 1922 a 1945. Como preocupação metodológica procurou-se levar em conta a rica semântica do termo \"história da música\", conceito investigado por meio dos periódicos consultados. Privilegiou-se uma orientação interdisciplinar para o tratamento das questões levantadas. Utilizou-se como fontes primárias um conjunto de periódicos brasileiros especializados em música, além de cartas, documentos oficiais, entrevistas, depoimentos e materiais impressos de apoio a programas de rádio. Como fontes bibliográficas destacaram-se obras de história cultural, musicologia e etnomusicologia. Como resultado da investigação, constatou-se a centralidade dos novos meios tecnológicos (disco e rádio) na pauta das discussões dos especialistas musicais. Verificou-se a importância da questão pedagógica e da divulgação em inúmeras iniciativas desses atores sociais, bem como uma produção significativa de trabalhos de história da música com objetivo de \"vulgarização\". O levantamento permitiu identificar também certo caráter autoritário nas ações dos promotores da música de concertos, comportamento caracterizado pela desconfiança e até certo desprezo pelas práticas musicais dos indivíduos visados por tais iniciativas. Perceberam-se também algumas mudanças no horizonte de escrita da história da música, em favor de uma orientação científica e de maior especialização para o pesquisador musical. / This study investigates the uses, made by a group of social actors related to classical music, of the records, radio and music history as instruments of music education and popularization. The investigation is focused on the time period from 1922 to 1945. As a methodological concern, we have taken into account the rich semantics of the expression \"music history\", a concept investigated by means of the periodicals consulted. An interdisciplinary orientation was favored for the treatments of the issues raised. The author used as primary sources an ensemble of Brazilian periodicals specializing in music, besides letters, official documents, interviews, testimonies and printed materials supporting radio programs. Bibliographical sources included particular works of cultural history, musicology and ethnomusicology. As a result of the investigation, the study evidenced the centrality of the new technological media (record and radio) in music specialists\' discussion agenda. It was demonstrated the importance of the pedagogical issue and of the broadcasting in numberless initiatives of those social actors, as well as a significant production of music history works with the purpose of \"vulgarization\". The research allowed us to identify also some authoritarian features in the actions of promoters of concert music, a behavior characterized by the mistrust and even certain contempt for the musical practices of the individuals targeted by such initiatives. It was possible to notice also some changes in the horizon of the writing of music history, in favor of a scientific approach and a greater specialization for music researchers.

Orientador: Krunislave Antonio Nobilo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-23T07:35:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Passos_LuizEgydioTeixeiraLeite_M.pdf: 3747769 bytes, checksum: aef62d7ac14ff5b83794a468a2a3e16f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997 / Resumo: Estudos têm demonstrado que a perda da DVO levam a diminuição dos movimentos mandibulares. Propusemos neste estudo analisar os movimentos mandibulares horizontais, ântero-posterior (A/P), lateral direita (L/D), lateral esquerda (L/E) através de registros intra-orais em dez pacientes sem perda da DVO (controle) e dez desdentados com perda da DVO entre 11 a 12 mm. Os modelos foram montados em articulador semi-ajustável e confeccionados os registros intra-orais, um para o grupo controle e dois registros (R 'IND. 1' e 'R IND. 2') para o grupo com DVO alterada sendo 'R IND. 1' com perda da DVO e 'R IND. 2' com a DVO recuperada. Os valores médios da extensão dos movimentos foram A/P = 12,591 mm, LD = 10,665 mm, LE = 10,562 mm. Para o grupo com perda da DVO foram: 'R IND. 1' - A/P = 08,107 mm LD = 06,100 mm, LE = 06,720 e 'R IND. 2' - A/P = - 10,167 mm, LD = 9,308 mm, LE = 9,285 mm. Aplicando-se o teste T pareado no segundo grupo, houve diferença significativa ao nível de 5% entre 'R IND. 1' e 'R IND. 2' e aplicando-se o teste T em 'R IND. 2' e o grupo controle não houve diferença ao nível de 5%. Desta forma podemos concluir que pacientes desdentados totais com perda da DVO, apresentam uma redução da amplitude dos movimentos mandibulares que podem ser resgatados pela recuperação da dimensão vertical da face / Abstract: Studies have demonstrated that the loss of the VDO, result in decreasing of mandibulars movement. We have proposed in to study to analyse the horizontal mandibulars movement, (P/R = protusivelretrusive, R = right, L = leA), using intra-oral devices in twenty edentulou pacients, with half of them presenting no loss of the VDO between 10 an 11 mm. The complete dentures was moulded and the measures were reproduced with the facial arco The cast were prepared on the semi adjustable articulador and the intra oral devices were manufactured, being one for the contros group and two ones ('R IND. 1' and 'R IND. 2') for group with the altered VDO, being 'R IND. 1' with VDO loss and 'R IND. 2' with recovered VDO. The medium values of the movements extensions presented by the control group were: P/R=12,591; R=10,665; L=10,562. For the group with VDO loss the values were: P/R=08,107; R=06,100; L=06,720 and P/R=10,167; R=09,308; L=09,285, for the 'R IND. 1' and 'R IND. 2' group respectively. Applyng the paired T test, there was a significa tive difference at leveI of 5% between 'R IND. 1' and 'R IND. 2' for the mandibular border moviments we should restore the physiological VDO, its decrease result in reduction of the horizontal. Was conclued that, for recuring the mandibulars moviments of the total edentulous pacients, second group and no significative difference at this level for the 'R IND. 2' and the control grou / Mestrado / Fisiologia e Biofisica do Sistema Estomatognatico / Mestre em Odontologia

Alligatorines are a diverse clade of crocodylians whose history spans the entire Cenozoic. They are suited to answer a variety of questions with far‐reaching impacts due to their physiology and preservation potential, and have been the subject of several phylogenetic, biogeographic, and diversity analyses. However, prior phylogenetic analyses had poor resolution and several putative alligatorines have never been included, while other analyses would be more informative and accurate if viewed through the context of evolutionary history. Here, I analyze the phylogenetics, taxonomy, biogeography, ecomorphology, and diversity dynamics of alligatorines. An almost fully resolved phylogenetic hypothesis returns two major clades within Alligatorinae and includes several putative alligatorines not previously analyzed. The clade originated in North America and dispersed to Europe and Asia three to five times via at least three different corridors at high latitudes when climate—and potentially salinity—were favorable, likely including the recently discovered subaerial Lomonosov Ridge. The modern American alligator is a dietary generalist, but evolved from a durophagous specialist, contrary to the intuitive reasoning of the “Law of the Unspecialized”. It was able to do so by entering the generalist niche vacated by basal crocodyloids following their extirpation from mid‐latitude North America. Alligatorine diversity only weakly tracks climate change and does not track the rock record excepting swampy environments. Alligatorine diversity correlates with climate change. Climate change correlates with rocks, though in a more complicated pattern. Some diversity metrics correlate with some aspects of the rock record, but predominantly do not. There is more support for the common‐cause hypothesis than for rock record bias driving apparent alligatorine diversity. Overall, alligator evolution exhibits a pattern of being more diverse taxonomically and morphologically when the climate is warmer, and dispersing during the warmest and wettest of those times.

Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems could make healthcare delivery safer by providing benefits such as timely access to accurate and complete patient information, advances in diagnosis and coordination of care, and enhancements for monitoring patient vitals. This study explored the nature of EHR adoption in U.S. hospitals and their patient safety performance in relation to one hospital acquired condition: postoperative sepsis – a condition that complicates hospitalizations, increases lengths of stay, and leads to higher mortality rates. Administrative data from several sources were utilized in order to obtain comprehensive information about the patient, organizational, and market characteristics of hospitals, their EHR adoption patterns, and the occurrence of postoperative sepsis among their patients. The study sample consisted of 404 general, short-term, acute care, non-federal, and urban hospitals based in six states, which provided longitudinal data from 2005 to 2009. Hospital EHR and the EHR’s sophistication level were measured by the presence of eight clinical applications. Econometric techniques were used to test six hypotheses that were derived from macro-organizational theories and frameworks. After controlling for potential confounders, the study’s key findings suggested that hospitals had a significant increase in the probability of having EHR as the percent of other hospitals having the most sophisticated EHR (i.e., EHRS3) in the market increased. Conversely, hospitals had a significant decrease in the probability of having EHR when the percent of Medicaid patients increased within a hospital or when the hospital belonged to centralized or moderately centralized systems. Also, the study findings suggested that EHR was associated with a higher rate of postoperative sepsis. Specifically, the intermediate EHR sophistication level (i.e., EHRS2) and the most sophisticated EHR level (i.e., EHRS3) were associated with a significantly higher rate of postoperative sepsis when compared to hospitals that did not have such EHR sophistication. The study results, however, did not support the hypotheses that higher degrees of fit between hospitals’ EHR sophistication level and specific structural dimensions were associated with greater reductions in postoperative sepsis outcomes vis-à-vis hospitals that did not have these types of fit.

Molecules with unusual steric crowding are always interesting in chemistry. They give the opportunity to explore the limits of stable molecular structures and the synthesis of unnatural products. They also provide points of calibration for modern computational methods. This dissertation describes the design, synthesis and characterization of two types of crowded complex aromatic compounds. The goal of the first project was to synthesize in-keto cyclophanes, that is, molecules with ketone oxygens pressed toward the centers of benzene rings. Several likely precursors were synthesized and fully characterized, but attempts to make the in-keto cyclophanes themselves were unsuccessful. The nonbonded interaction between the ketone oxygen and basal benzene ring may be so close in the target structures as to prevent the formation of an in-keto cyclophane. The second project describes the design, synthesis and characterization of several macrobicyclic, bis(triarylelement)-containing cyclophanes with various bridgehead heteroatoms. Computational studies accurately predicted that when the bridgehead substituents are small (lone pairs or protons), an in,in bridgehead stereochemistry is strongly favored, but larger bridgehead substituents favor the formation of in,out stereoisomers. The NMR spectra of several of these compounds show unusual through-space spin-spin coupling between atoms along the central axis. Most importantly, one of these compounds, an in,in-bis(hydrosilane), possesses a hydrogen-hydrogen nonbonded contact distance of approximately 1.56 Å, a new “world record” for such a contact in any crystallographically characterized compound. / 1 / Jie Zong

This study was designed to investigate the relationship of general aptitude, vocational attitudes, and occupational values to scoring above or below the 75th percentile on the Kuder Preference Record by ninth grade students in rural southwestern Utah and southeastern Idaho. The sample consisted of a group of 248 students who participated in Project Mace. The students were divided into two groups according to their Kuder percentile scores. The G scale of the General Aptitude Test Battery, the Vocational Development Inventory, and the Occupational Values Inventory were also administered to the subjects. The data were analyzed by a simple correlation matrix and analysis of variance. The results of the study indicated there was no significant difference between the two groups on any of the instruments. The implications from the results indicated that: The 75th percentile probably should not be used as a criterion for strong interests, at least when an attempt is being made to relate interests to the general aptitude, attitudes, and values measured in this study. More research is needed in order to fully understand the relationship of interests, aptitudes, attitudes and values. More research is needed on the instruments used in this study, especially the Occupational Values Inventory and the Vocational Development Inventory.

MPhilPH / Female tubal sterilisation, often referred to as "tubal ligation" but more often performed these days using laparoscopically-applied metal clips, remains a popular form of contraception in women who have completed their families. A review of the literature on the incidence of failure of tubal sterilisation found many reports of case-series and small clinic-based studies, but only a few larger studies with good epidemiological designs, most recently the US CREST study conducted during the 1980s and early 1990s. The CREST study reported a conditional (life-table) cumulative incidence of failure of 0.55, 0.84, 1.18 and 1.85 per 100 women at 1, 2, 4 and 10 years of follow-up respectively. The study described here estimated a lower bound for the incidence of tubal sterilisation failure in NSW by probabilistically linking routinely-collected hospital admission records for women undergoing sterilisation surgery to hospital admission records for the same women which were indicative of subsequent conception or which represented censoring events such as hysterectomy or death in hospital. Data for the period July 1992 to June 2000 were used. Kaplan-Meier and proportional-hazards survival analyses were performed on the resulting linked data set. The conditional cumulative incidence per 100 women at 1, 2 4 and 8 years of follow-up was estimated to be 0.74 (95% CI 0.68-0.81), 1.05 (0.97-1.13), 1.33 (1.23-1.42) and 1.51 (1.39-1.62) respectively. Forty percent of failures ended in abortion and 14% presented as ectopic pregnancies. Age, private health insurance status and sterilisation in a smaller hospital were all found to be associated with lower rates of failure. Strong evidence of time-limited excess numbers of failures in women undergoing surgery in particular hospitals was also found. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using linked, routinely-collected health data to evaluate relatively rare, long-term outcomes such as sterilisation failure on a population-wide basis.

<p>Aim: The aim for this study of Swedish daily press is to see how the musical reporting is structured for the newspapers I have chosen to analyse. My main purpose is to investigate how the newspapers reporting are distributed between artists who belong to either a major record company or an independent record company. With this research I want to find out if there are any economic backgrounds to the content and if the reporting is equal to the market production.</p><p>Method/Material: For this study I have studied, by quantitative research, every piece of musical reporting in seven daily newspapers for two weeks. Through thorough research I have determined the belonging of every article’s record company. I have compared the newspapers with each other to see how the reporting differs. I have also collected information concerning the economic aspects of the music business to investigate if the reporting is equal to the market production.</p><p>Main results:</p><p>- The representation of major and independent record companies in Swedish press is distributed as the following: 60 % Major and 40 % Independent.</p><p>- The national press and regional press both show a distorted picture of the record company representation while the evening press and free press show a more truthful representation according to the market share holdings.</p><p>- There are signs of a scope economic structure in Bonnier which cannot be fully verified.</p>

<p>The purpose of this thesis is, through a case study, to analyse how the Internet is affecting smaller independent record labels' communicational efforts, and if these companies are dealing differently with this technological change. In order to accomplish this, a number of interviews have been conducted with smaller independent record labels. The findings have been analysed using a theoretical frame of reference covering innovation management and communicational methods. Our results show that the Internet has had an effect on these labels’ communicational efforts, either directly through an increased use of online communication or indirectly through the decreasing effectiveness of some traditional channels. However, as many traditional channels are still being used, smaller independent record labels are now managing an increased number of channels simultaneously. Furthermore, the degree of online communicational efforts varies depending on musical genre, being more commonly used in popular music genres. For labels with a high online activity, social networks play a prominent role, with considerable effort and time allocated towards working with these. Also, these companies are very attentive to the rapidly changing online environment with the aim of staying at the forefront of this development.</p>