Abstract Recently years environmental protect conscious have raised, product throw away after used that had been impacted environment awfully. Green design; Environment protect design; Resource recycle; Green marketing; Remanufacture use etc. of concept, have been separate into whole society. As the information products quickly expand demand in the current, the electric information related products made huge numbers, that result in more garbage produce out, it had been stress to the environment. How to process those huge quantity information garbages part, became an important issues. According to the IDC, 2003 survey Taiwan area, the laser printer toner cartridge sales market there are over one million sets, such as that have been produce out huge number blank toner cartridge garbage. There are some small enterprises to remanufacture the use up of blank toner cartridge since ten year ago in Taiwan, they change the laser toner cartridge life cycle ¡ufrom born to dead¡vto ¡ufrom born to born¡vand sell that into printing expendable market, this way have environment protect concept and have economy benefits. But as DIPC, 2003 report the remanufacture toner cartridge¡Athere are ten percentage market share only in Taiwan printing expendable marketing, it is very low than USA or Europe of 30 to 35 percentage market share. The remanufacture toner cartridge business had been meet lower market share grow, because they except the same industry competition, they have meet large OEM printer manufacture sales pressure competition and consumer un-know this remanufacture toner product can provide stable printing quality and save the cost, these laser toner remanufacture industry have been meet grow limit. This study application the small enterprises manufacture advantage, industry environment analysis, industry competition analysis, same field industry competition analysis to establish the toner cartridge business advantage strategy , expect the result outcome can provide the remanufacture toner cartridge of greening business, promotion the green consumer market, extension the environmental protect product, promote environmental four fundamental ¡u4R,reduce¡Breuse¡Brecycle¡Brepair¡vto slow down toner cartridge garbage, save green resource & cost, provide the people job position, finally achieved the enterprises good profit outcome ,and continue competition advantage.

Abstract For a long time in our society there has been a minority group, e.g. individual recycle material collectors, curio collectors, and recycle businessmen, living on collection and trading of recycle material. Particularly in recent years with the promotion champagne of environmental protection policy, there is an increasing trend in the number of people involved in this business. The society reacts both positively and negatively about such recycling business. The positive view comes from the environmental protection institution¡¦s affirmation about the reuse of recycled material, whereas the negative view is concerned about the messy environment created by the recycling method and process. It is an undisputable fact that their existence in residential and commercial area is violating the regulations of urban development plan. This paper discovers there are differences in opinion between the EPA authority and the Urban Development authority in the applicable regulations about owners of recycle business moving into industrial estate while investigating it¡¦s legality from the position of public sector. The methods of managing existing recycle business among the different local governments are also quite different. For instance, while the central EPA authority frequently prepares budgets in an effort to improve the image of the recycle business, the local urban development bureaus prescribe them for the reason of violating the regulations of urban development plan, such as piling up of wastes, etc. On the other hand, looking at the value of its existence from the economic benefit angle shows that the recycled waste cleared by the recycling business is 2.5 times more efficient than that of the public sector. Such economic benefit is clearly visible. Though this study covers only the Kaohsiung metropolitan area, the problem of these under sized waste recyclers is no doubt a nationwide issue. It is hoped that the investigation and analysis of this paper in the problems arise from the recycling business could benefit the business owners in economy of scale and profit analysis as well as the public sectors as a reference in the design of related laws and regulations.

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Detta projektet handlar om att ge Återbruksbyn i Växjö en grafisk identitet och profil. Återbruksbyn är ett arbete startat av Växjö kommun och kooperativet Macken som handlar om att bygga en mötesplats för oss som vill byta, köpa, sälja, skänka och återbruka begagnade saker i stället för att slänga dem. Det är en plats som kommer fokusera på cirkulär ekonomi och introducera detta system som ett alternativ till det vi har i dagsläget. Min roll och syftet med detta projekt har varit att analysera verksamheten och skapa en logotyp med tillhörande grafisk profil där de äkta värderingarna visas och representeras på ett korrekt sätt. Detta är min process. / This project is about creating a graphic identity and profile for Återbruksbyn, Växjö. Återbruksbyn is a project created by Växjö municipality and the cooperative Macken, and it is about building a central space and meeting point for people who want to buy, sell, exchange, give away and reuse old products instead of throwing them away. It is a place that focuses on circular economy and wants to introduce this alternative system to the people of Växjö. My role and purpose with this project has been to analyse Återbruksbyn and its values, and through that, create a graphic identity that reflects these values and goals. This is my process.

Globally, hundreds of thousands of people subsist by informally collecting, sorting, and selling materials recovered from disposed solid waste. For most individuals this informal activity is precarious and prone to job insecurity, stigmatization, exploitation, physical danger, and emotional distress. In order to understand how informal recyclers perceive their health and hazards, data were collected over a six-month period in 2010, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Through a political ecology framework, the authors relate the systemic and exploitative structures that continue to negatively influence the health of the recyclers. The authors demonstrate that independent informal recyclers face a number of multifaceted health implications that are directly related to the unregulated and undervalued collection of solid waste. Recyclers are either uninformed or indifferent about policy interventions, such as accessing free personal protective equipment. The article concludes by suggesting specific measures supported by the academic literature on inclusive waste management and social networks, advocating an emphasis on cooperativism as a means of creating a space for workplace health promotion and access to resources. / Graduate

Thesis (M. S.)--Chemical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. / Committee Chair: William J. Koros; Committee Member: Amyn Teja; Committee Member: Carson Meredith; Committee Member: Sankar Nair; Committee Member: Wallace W. Carr.

Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. / Banerjee, Sujit, Committee Member ; Orloff, David, Committee Member ; Patterson, Tim, Committee Co-Chair ; Ahrens, Fred, Committee Co-Chair.

A pesquisa apresenta o estudo de caso da revitalização urbana do desativado Puerto Madero, em Buenos Aires. A reciclagem de antigos espaços portuários deteriorados consiste em um dos principais temas do urbanismo contemporâneo. Devido à atualidade do assunto, o estudo do projeto e da realização de Puerto Madero representa uma experiência referencial para outras cidades em situação semelhante - como Porto Alegre, onde foi desenvolvido o trabalho -, uma vez que cria um precedente exemplar de uma operação efetivada em um contexto latino-americano, no decorrer de um período relativamente curto. Embora a primeira parte do trabalho seja voltada ao conhecimento histórico do porto de Buenos Aires e da sua evolução urbana até os dias atuais, o foco do estudo centra-se na analise do projeto realizado, não só do ponto de vista urbano, como também arqui-tetônico. O estudo do projeto é segmentado em quatro partes, corres-pondentes aos diques do porto, em que se destaca a diversidade dos exemplares existentes na área. Por fim, elegeu-se um determinado número de tipologias representativas, das quais foram examinadas as suas qualidades projetuais. A elaboração de um amplo panorama da operação Puerto Madero possibilitou seu entendimento no contexto metropolitano, histórico, urbano e arquitetônico. / The investigation presents a case study on the urban revitalization of the deactivated Puerto Madero, in Buenos Aires. Recycling deteriorated old portuary places is one of the principals contemporary urbanism themes. As a contemporary issue, the study of Puerto Madero´s project and revitalization represents a referential experience to other cities at similar situation – such as Porto Alegre, where this work was developed-, once it creates an exemplar precedent context, during a relatively short period. Although the first part of the investigation was oriented to the Buenos Aires port’s historical knowledge and its urban evolution until the present days, the investigation’s focus is centered in the analysis of the executed project , not only by the urban point of view, but also the architectural. The project’s studies is segmented in four parts, correspondent to the docks ports, which stand out the diversity of existing exemplars in the area. Finally, a determined number of representative typologies were chosen, being their projectual’s qualities evaluated. The elaboration of a vast panorama of Puerto Madero´s operation allows the understanding of it metropolitan, historical, urban and architectural context.

A pesquisa apresenta o estudo de caso da revitalização urbana do desativado Puerto Madero, em Buenos Aires. A reciclagem de antigos espaços portuários deteriorados consiste em um dos principais temas do urbanismo contemporâneo. Devido à atualidade do assunto, o estudo do projeto e da realização de Puerto Madero representa uma experiência referencial para outras cidades em situação semelhante - como Porto Alegre, onde foi desenvolvido o trabalho -, uma vez que cria um precedente exemplar de uma operação efetivada em um contexto latino-americano, no decorrer de um período relativamente curto. Embora a primeira parte do trabalho seja voltada ao conhecimento histórico do porto de Buenos Aires e da sua evolução urbana até os dias atuais, o foco do estudo centra-se na analise do projeto realizado, não só do ponto de vista urbano, como também arqui-tetônico. O estudo do projeto é segmentado em quatro partes, corres-pondentes aos diques do porto, em que se destaca a diversidade dos exemplares existentes na área. Por fim, elegeu-se um determinado número de tipologias representativas, das quais foram examinadas as suas qualidades projetuais. A elaboração de um amplo panorama da operação Puerto Madero possibilitou seu entendimento no contexto metropolitano, histórico, urbano e arquitetônico. / The investigation presents a case study on the urban revitalization of the deactivated Puerto Madero, in Buenos Aires. Recycling deteriorated old portuary places is one of the principals contemporary urbanism themes. As a contemporary issue, the study of Puerto Madero´s project and revitalization represents a referential experience to other cities at similar situation – such as Porto Alegre, where this work was developed-, once it creates an exemplar precedent context, during a relatively short period. Although the first part of the investigation was oriented to the Buenos Aires port’s historical knowledge and its urban evolution until the present days, the investigation’s focus is centered in the analysis of the executed project , not only by the urban point of view, but also the architectural. The project’s studies is segmented in four parts, correspondent to the docks ports, which stand out the diversity of existing exemplars in the area. Finally, a determined number of representative typologies were chosen, being their projectual’s qualities evaluated. The elaboration of a vast panorama of Puerto Madero´s operation allows the understanding of it metropolitan, historical, urban and architectural context.

Les élastomères siloxanes sont des thermodurcissables, réticulés chimiquement, qui ne peuvent être ni remis en forme, ni transférés sur un support autre que celui d'origine, ni recyclés. Afin d'apporter une réponse à ces limitations, nous avons cherché à développer des élastomères siloxanes vitrimères, les vitrimères étant des matériaux capables d'être remis en forme, réparés et soudés grâce à des réactions d'échange associatives catalysées se produisant dans le réseau et activées par élévation de la température. Dans la première approche, nous avons étudié la trans-siloxanation, réaction d'échange intrinsèque aux siloxanes vivants, catalysée par les anions silanolates SiO- présents dans le réseau. Cependant, le caractère vivant induit un équilibre entre le réseau et des cycles, ces derniers très volatils peuvent s'évaporer lors du chauffage, ce qui favorise alors la dépolymérisation du réseau par trans-siloxanation intramoléculaire. Il en résulte que ces élastomères vivants ne sont pas vitrimères, leur connectivité étant continument modifiée. Néanmoins, nous avons montré que l'ajout de carbonate de césium accélère la réaction d'échange et permet la soudure de deux joints d'élastomères dont au moins un est vivant. Dans la seconde approche, le caractère vitrimère repose sur des liens dynamiques imines au sein d'un réseau siloxane non vivant. L'avantage de ce lien étant d'être non seulement échangeable mais aussi dissociable dans certaines conditions douces, ces élastomères siloxanes ont pu être remis en forme et recyclés. Enfin, l'introduction de charges de silice a permis d'améliorer leurs propriétés mécaniques sans toutefois altérer leurs propriétés vitrimères. / The polysiloxane elastomers are thermosets, chemically cross-linked, that can neither be reshaped, transferred on a support different from their original one nor recyclable. In order to overcome these limitations, siloxane elastomer vitrimers have been developed, the vitrimers being materials able to be reshaped, repaired and welded thanks to catalyzed and thermo-activated associative exchange reactions occurring within the network. In a first approach, we studied the trans-siloxanation, the intrinsic exchange reaction of living siloxanes, catalyzed by the silanolate anion SiO-. Nevertheless, this living nature leads to equilibrium between the network and cycles, that can evaporate upon heating and cause the depolymerisation of the network by intramolecular trans-siloxanation. The living elastomers are thus not vitrimer since their connectivity is continuously modified. However, we have shown that the addition of caesium carbonate accelerates the exchange reaction and allows the welding of two joints with at least one living. In the second approach, the vitrimer behaviour relies on imine dynamic bonds introduced into a non living network (no silanolate anion). As this bond is exchangeable but also dissociable under soft conditions, imine siloxane elastomers can not only be reshaped and but also recycled. Finally, the introduction of silica charges improves the mechanical properties without altering the vitrimer properties.