L'introduction de granulats de béton recyclé (i.e. granulats produits à partir des gravats issus de la démolition d'ouvrages en béton obsolètes) dans les formulations de béton impacte de manière significative le comportement structurel des éléments en béton armé. Ce travail est consacré à l'étude de l'influence des granulats de béton recyclé sur l'adhérence armature-béton. Dans un premier temps, un modèle analytique de l'adhérence armature-béton est développé. L'originalité du modèle proposé réside dans le nombre limité de paramètres physiques sur lesquels il est fondé. Ces paramètres physiques sont ensuite déterminés expérimentalement via la réalisation d'une campagne d'essais d'arrachement. Trois types de bétons, dont deux bétons de granulats de béton recyclé, sont étudiés. Le suivi de l'arrachement de l'armature est complété par des mesures acoustiques permettant d'obtenir des informations provenant du coeur de l'échantillon, où l'armature se trouve. / The use of recycled concrete aggregate (i.e. aggregate produced from concrete demolition rubble) has a significant impact on the mechanical behavior of reinforced concrete members. This work focuses on the influence of recycled concrete aggregate on rebar-concrete bond. First, an analytical madel of the rebar-concrete bond is developed. The original feature of this modellies in the limited number of non-free physically-based parameters on which it is based. These parameters are then experimentally determined through a pull out test campaign. Three types of concrete, including two recycled aggregate concretes, are studied. Pull-out test monitoring is completed by acoustic measurements in order to obtain data from inside the concrete bulk, where the reinforcing bar is located.

Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes@unisinos.br) on 2015-03-20T15:04:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VinicioCecconello.pdf: 2409731 bytes, checksum: fd354892ead7d9cb57266673c9111acd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-20T15:04:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VinicioCecconello.pdf: 2409731 bytes, checksum: fd354892ead7d9cb57266673c9111acd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-16 / FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / A incorporação de agregados reciclados de concreto, em novos concretos é uma alternativa de reduzir os impactos ambientais relacionados a este material. No entanto, seu emprego pode aumentar a porosidade do concreto e alterar suas propriedades. Neste contexto a de cinza de casca de arroz pode trazer melhorias nas propriedades dos concretos, e principalmente quanto às propriedades mecânicas e a retração. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a análise da retração, propondo um modelo matemático para este fenômeno, em concreto com associação de agregados reciclados de concreto e cinza da casca de arroz. Foram produzidos concretos com: 25% e 50% de agregado reciclado em substituição ao agregado natural; 0%, 10% e 20% de substituição de cimento por cinza de casca de arroz; e relações água/aglomerante iguais a 0,42, 0,53 e 0,64. A resistência à compressão foi analisada aos 7, 28, 63, 91 e 112 dias, os ensaios de resistência à tração, taxa de absorção, porosidade capilar e porosidade total foram analisadas aos 28 dias já os ensaios de retração foram analisados ao 1, 4, 7, 14, 28, 63, 91 e 112 dias. Os resultados obtidos indicam grande interação entre a cinza de casca de arroz e o agregado reciclado de concreto, esta interação fica ainda mais evidenciada no momento em que é introduzido junto à mistura 20% de cinza de casca de arroz, tanto no modelo apresentado para análise da retração como nas demais propriedades analisadas. / The incorporation of recycled concrete aggregate in new concrete is an alternative to reduce the environmental impacts related to this material. However, their use may increase concrete porosity and change their properties. In this context the rice husk ash can improve the properties of concrete, mainly mechanical properties and shrinkage. This work aims to analyze the concrete shrinkage, proposing a mathematical model for this phenomenon for concretes with the association of recycled concrete aggregates and rice husk ash. Concretes were produced with 25% and 50% of recycled concrete aggregate replacing natural aggregate; 0%, 10% and 20% replacement of cement by rice husk ash, and 0.42, 0.53 and 0.64 water/binder ratios. The compressive strength was a nalyzed at 7, 28, 63, 91 and 112 days. Tensile tests, absorption rate, capillary porosity and total porosity were analyzed at 28 days of age; shrinkage was analyzed at 1, 4, 7, 14, 28, 63, 91 and 112 days of age. The obtained data indicate strong interaction between rice husk ash and recycled concrete aggregate, this interaction is even more evident when it is used 20% rice husk ash, for all properties studied.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Civil Engineering / Mustaque A. Hossain / Stacey E. Kulesza / Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is the byproduct of the demolition of concrete structures and pavements. An estimated 140 million tons of concrete waste is produced annually in the United States, most of which ends up in landfills. The use of RCA to replace quarried aggregates in paving projects is one way to utilize these materials and alleviate concerns regarding this increasing waste stream. RCA usage prevents waste concrete disposal into landfills, resulting in more sustainable use of mineral aggregate sources, and may further reduce costs associated with paving projects. However, the inferior physical properties of RCA, such as the presence of recycled mortar, complicate the incorporation of RCA into new concrete mixtures. State highway agencies such as the Kansas Department of Transportation are facing further issues with RCA from D-cracked pavements, raising the question if D-cracked aggregates should be used in paving operations. No known work has evaluated the effect of RCA from D-cracked pavements in subgrade soil stabilization. This study stabilized a low-plasticity clay in Kansas using RCA and three stabilizing materials (lime, Class C fly ash, and a combination of Portland cement and fly ash). Candidate mixtures with varying proportions of chemical stabilizers and D-cracked aggregates were evaluated using the standard Proctor, unconfined compressive strength, linear shrinkage, and California Bearing Ratio tests. Microstructure characteristics of selected mixtures were explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray tests. Laboratory test results indicated that RCA, in conjunction with all cementitious materials except lime, improved clay strength, stiffness, and shrinkage properties. SEM results indicated that RCA caused a low void space and a dense arrangement of soil particles. RCA effectively improved evaluated mixture properties when an adequate soil-RCA bond was reached using chemical agents. The long-term performance of full-depth flexible pavements with stabilized mixtures as subgrade was assessed in the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (commonly known as MEPDG) software. The life-cycle cost of flexible pavements with stabilized mixtures was estimated for a 40-year design period. Economic analysis results indicated that RCA was cost effective only if it was used with a combination of fly ash and Portland cement.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-05-29T18:30:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ângelo Cezar Fumagalli Rostirola.pdf: 4315210 bytes, checksum: ff48e5f928774ac2545c3ae6774d5dcf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-29T18:30:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ângelo Cezar Fumagalli Rostirola.pdf: 4315210 bytes, checksum: ff48e5f928774ac2545c3ae6774d5dcf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-24 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / SINDUSCON-NH - Sindicato das Indústrias da Construção Civil Novo Hamburgo / A construção civil atualmente é a indústria com maior crescimento no Brasil, fomentada por financiamentos e programas do governo federal. É também uma das indústrias que mais consome recursos naturais e energia, além de ser a principal geradora de resíduos sólidos urbanos. Grande parcela destes recursos naturais consumidos pela construção é formada pelos agregados. Uma alternativa econômica e ambientalmente correta, para diminuir a extração deste material, é a sua substituição por algum outro material, se possível por um resíduo, como apontam várias pesquisas. A busca por materiais e produtos ecologicamente corretos está em uma crescente, assim como os estudos para a reciclagem de diversos resíduos. A união entre produtos que consomem um volume menor de matéria-prima com o emprego de resíduos na sua produção parece uma saída viável para um desenvolvimento mais sustentável. Artefatos para a construção civil produzidos com concreto celular autoclavado (CCA) utilizam até quatro vezes menos materiais quando comparados a produtos com características semelhantes, produzidos com concreto convencional, cerâmico, entre outros. Além do menor consumo dos materiais constituintes, o concreto celular possui outras propriedades interessantes, como: suficiente resistência à compressão; isolamento térmico e acústico; baixa densidade; resistência ao fogo. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal avaliar a influência da substituição parcial do agregado natural por agregado reciclado de concreto (ARC) na produção de concreto celular autoclavado. Após realização de estudos-piloto, optou-se pelo emprego da proporção de Cimento e Agregado Natural (AN) de 67% e 33% e sobre estes 0,45% de Cal e 0,3% de Alumínio com relação água/sólidos igual a 0,32. Foram empregados Cimento Portland CP-V ARI, Cal calcítica, areia natural e agregado fino reciclado de concreto, em teores de 0%, 25% e 50%. A dimensão máxima do agregado empregado na produção de CCA é de 150 µm. A cura foi realizada em autoclave após um tempo de espera de 24 horas a partir do início da mistura, por um período de 6 horas. Foram avaliadas a resistência à compressão, a absorção de água capilar, a massa específica e a porosidade. Os ensaios de resistência à compressão foram realizados em 48 e 72 horas, e a absorção de água, em corpos de prova preparados e acompanhados pelo período de 96 horas. A microestrutura dos CCA produzidos foi caracterizada por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Verificou-se que existem expressivas alterações nas propriedades do CCA produzidos com ARC em substituição do AN, com a tendência de aumentar a densidade de massa aparente, bem com a resistência à compressão, a medida que aumenta-se o teor de ARC. Na análise dos resultados, percebeu-se que o uso de ARC alterou as propriedades dos concretos produzidos neste estudo exploratório, sem, entretanto, inviabilizar o seu emprego. Com um ajuste da dosagem, pode ser obtido um CCA produzido com ARC, cujo comportamento seja compatível com o comportamento de CCA produzido somente com o AN. / In the last years, the Brazilian construction industry is among those of national production sectors that have been having a great growing, mostly due to the incentive from the government and due to financed resources by private and public agents. This industry is also one of the major consumers of natural resources and energy, besides being the main generator of solid waste. One of these natural resources used in the constructions is sand. An environmentally friendly and economical alternative to reduce the extraction of natural resources is the use of recycled waste. The associated use of low volume of raw materials with alternative materials, like waste, is one of the ways to get more sustainability in the construction sector. Construction and building components made with autoclaved cellular concrete (ACC) employ four times less material than others with the same function. Other advantage of ACC is the performance of its properties like compressive strength, thermal and acoustic behavior, lower density, fire resistance. The aim of this research was to investigate the use of fine grains from recycled concrete aggregate (ARC) as partial sand replacement in the production of autoclaved aerated concrete. With the goal to find the mix proportion some pilot studies were made. After this, it was chosen a relation of 67% of cement and 33% of natural fine aggregate (sand). The lime was used in the amount of 0.45% of total cement and sand, and 0.3% of aluminium. The water to total solids ratio was 0.32. It was employed Portland cement type V according to Brazilian standards, calcitic lime, natural sand and ARC passing in sieve with 150 micron opening. The replacement rate of sand by ARC was 0%, 25% and 50%. From 24 hours after the mixing of materials, the samples were submitted to steam curing in an autoclave chamber for 6 hours. It was evaluated the compressive strength, the density, the capillary water absorption and porosity. The compression strength tests were performed at 48 and 72 hours. Water absorption tests were conducted for 96 hours after samples preparing. The capillary porosity was calculated with the capillary water absorption data. ACC's microstructure analysis was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed in general that the behavior of ACC produced with ARC differs significantly from the ACC produced with natural aggregate. When the ARC rate increases the apparent specific gravity also increases as well as the compressive strength. The observed increase in the apparent specific gravity is not desired. However this behavior of ACC done with RCA does not prevent the use of this recycled aggregate. An optimized study of pre-wetting of RCA could improve its performance as aggregate for use in ACC, once its grain size showed to be appropriated for this kind of use.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-06-30T19:06:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Rommel Cattani Sartori.pdf: 2512461 bytes, checksum: abb3f86120ab4514cee67cbf57c00264 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-30T19:06:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Rommel Cattani Sartori.pdf: 2512461 bytes, checksum: abb3f86120ab4514cee67cbf57c00264 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-16 / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Milton Valente / Este trabalho tem por finalidade contribuir para os estudos de durabilidade de concretos com a inserção de agregados graúdos reciclados de concreto (AGRC) e de cinza de casca de arroz (CCA) em concretos frente à carbonatação. Trabalhando com a hipótese de que o emprego de CCA possa mitigar o efeito da alta porosidade do AGRC nas propriedades do concreto, foram produzidos concretos com 0, 25 e 50% de AGRC; 0, 10 e 20% de CCA e relações água/aglomerante iguais a 0,42, 0,53 e 0,64. Para o ensaio de carbonatação acelerada, utilizou-se uma câmara de carbonatação com alimentação contínua de solução gasosa a 3% de CO2 e umidade relativa controlada, na qual os concretos permaneceram durante 63 dias. Os resultados apontaram para um efeito positivo do emprego de CCA nos concretos produzidos com AGRC. A substituição de cimento por CCA em média pode aumentar a resistência à compressão e à tração. Os concretos com relação a/agl 0,42, para a grande parte dos concretos ensaiados, retornaram resistências à compressão de 40 MPa à 55 MPa, com coeficiente de carbonatação de 1,0mm/dia½ a 1,5 mm/dia½, independente do teor de CCA. No entanto, concretos com relação a/agl mais alta (0,64), apresentaram resistência entre 15 MPa e 30 MPa, sendo que para grande parte destes o coeficiente de carbonatação se apresenta na faixa abaixo dos 3,0 mm/dia½ e acima do 2,0 mm/dia½. / This research contributes to the study of concrete carbonation using recycled concrete coarse aggregates (RCA) and rice husk ash (RHA). The use of RHA may contribute to reduce the effects of RCA's high porosity on the properties of the concrete. It was used 0,25 and 50% of RCA in replacement of natural aggregate; 0,10 and 20% of RHA as cement replacement; and water/binder 0.42, 0.53 and 0.64. For the accelerated carbonation test it was used a carbonation chamber with continuous feeding gaseous solution at 3% CO2 and controled relative humidity, where the concrete samples remained for 63 days. The results point to a positive effect of the use of RHA in concrete produced with RCA. Concretes with water/binder 0.42, for the most of the concrete tested, resulted in a compressive strength of 40 MPa to 55 MPa, with carbonation coefficient of 1.0mm/day1/2 to 1.5 mm/day1/2, independent of the amount of the RHA. However, concretes with higher water/binder (0.64) showed resistance between 15 MPa and 30 MPa, and for most of these the carbonation coefficient is below 3.0 mm/day1/2 and above 2.0 mm/day1/2.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-08T22:28:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 11b.pdf: 3072047 bytes, checksum: 9c0305dfc155386ec7b41cddd7d15b40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-08T22:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 11b.pdf: 3072047 bytes, checksum: 9c0305dfc155386ec7b41cddd7d15b40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 18-05-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / A construção civil é um dos setores que mais consome recursos naturais não renováveis, além de ser um dos principais geradores de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU). Dentre os diversos recursos naturais extraídos da natureza, os agregados utilizados na construção civil são os insumos minerais mais consumidos no mundo. Com a crescente restrição da extração de areias dos rios e a escassez de areias naturais é essencial que o setor da construção venha a adotar uma postura ambiental e sustentável, através de desenvolvimentos tecnológicos de processos de reciclagem de resíduos. Uma das alternativas para a construção civil, tanto do ponto de vista econômico quanto ambiental, no abastecimento de areia para a construção é a substituição das areias extraídas dos rios (areia natural) por resíduos de concreto, para a produção de argamassas. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal avaliar o comportamento de argamassas de revestimento com incorporação de agregado miúdo reciclado de concreto (AMRC), em substituição à areia natural extraída de rio (AN). Os AMRC foram obtidos a partir de resíduos de dois tipos de concreto empregados na pré-fabricação: de concreto submetido à cura térmica à vapor (ARCT) e outro de concreto submetido à cura convencional (ARCC). As argamassas foram confeccionadas com cimento CP II Z– 32 e cal CH-I, empregando-se traço em volume 1:1:6 com índice de consistência fixado em 260 ± 5 mm, para as três misturas de argamassas. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foram analisadas a caracterização morfológica e a distribuição granulométrica das areias. Na etapa seguinte analisou-se o comportamento e características das argamassas no estado fresco e no estado endurecido. A análise das argamassas no estado fresco contemplou dados de índice de consistência, penetração de cone, squeeze flow, retenção de água, densidade de massa e teor de ar incorporado. No estado endurecido as propriedades estudadas foram densidade de massa, resistência à compressão, resistência à tração na flexão, absorção de água por capilaridade e coeficiente de capilaridade, absorção de água, índices de vazios, massa específica, módulo de elasticidade dinâmico e porosidade por intrusão de mercúrio. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas no comportamento das argamassas confeccionadas com os dois agregados reciclados. No estado fresco foi observado perda de trabalhabilidade; perda de densidade de massa; aumento de ar incorporado, com perdas mais expressivas para a mistura com ARCC. No estado endurecido observou-se redução da resistência à compressão e da resistência à tração na flexão para as argamassas com ARCC. Os dados apontaram ainda diminuição de absorção de água por capilaridade; aumento da absorção de água por imersão; aumento do índice de vazios; aumento da massa específica e redução do módulo de elasticidade dinâmico para ambas as argamassas com agregados reciclados. / The construction industry is one of the sectors that consume non-renewable natural resources, besides being one of the main generators of municipal solid waste. Among the various natural resources extracted from nature, the aggregates used in construction are the most consumed mineral inputs in the world. With the increasing restriction of sand extraction from rivers and the scarcity of natural sands it is essential that the construction industry adopt an environmental and sustainable development, through technological processes to recycle waste. One of the alternatives to the construction industry, from an economical and environmental point of view, the supply of sand for construction is the replacement of sand extracted from rivers (natural sand) for concrete waste, for the production of mortars. This study aims at evaluate the behavior of rendering mortar with incorporation of recycled aggregate concrete, replacing the natural sand. The morphological characteristics and composition of two aggregates made from concrete were analysed: one from concrete subjected to thermal curing and other to conventional curing, compared with a river sand. Characterization tests were performed on fresh mortar (consistency index, cone penetration, squeeze flow, water retention, density and air content) and hardened mortar (density, compressive strength, flexural strength, capillarity water absorption and capillarity coefficient, water absorption, density, dynamic modulus of elasticity and mercury intrusion porosimetry). For this experiment were followed the requirements of NBR 13281 (ABNT, 2005) and used Brazilian CP II Z-32 cement and CH-I lime. A proportion of 1:1:6 (cement, lime and sand) by volume, with index consistency set at (260 ± 5) mm was adopted for the three mixtures of mortars. There were significant differences in the behavior of the two mortars made with recycled aggregates, such as: loss of workability; loss of density; increased air content (especially mixing with ARCC), in fresh stage. Reduction of compressive strength and reduced flexural strength (except in the mixture with ARCT), reduction of water absorption by capillarity, increased water absorption by immersion, an increase in the index of emptiness, increased density and reduced dynamic modulus of elasticity, in the hardened mortar.

Water pollution has become a global issue with impacts in all countries but particularly those undergoing rapid urbanisation such as China. The review for this thesis established that in 2015 China had 3,910 urban treatment plants with daily treatment capacity of 167million cubic metres. This treatment capacity was able to serve more than 90% of the population in urban regions. Compared to the previous 20 years, these treatment facilities represented a major improvement. However, the thesis uses recent annual environmental reports to show that this level of treatment is still not enough to avoid serious water pollution, more than 30% of Chinese rivers were classified as polluted. The main reason for this it is suggested is that most of treatment infrastructure is for urban areas and the rural areas still lack even basic treatment and rural communities represents about half the total Chinese population. The statistics reported in Chapter 2.1 indicates only 25.3% of towns and 11% of villages are connected to treatment facilities. It was concluded that this lower treatment rate was the major factor impacting on the water environment. Therefore, it is important to improve treatment infrastructure in China remote areas. The literature suggested that trickling filter (TF) technology had advantages as wastewater treatment in this type of situation namely Chinese rural areas. This thesis therefore reports on research to upgrade the TF basic processes to remove newly prioritized nutrient pollutants using novel, sustainable and easily available local media, these were; zeolite, maifan stone, recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), brick, blast furnace slag and dolomite. The media were screened using simple absorption tests first focussing on P removal and then a short-listed group tested under dynamic pilot scale. Further static experiments were carried out on this group to understand the mechanisms involved. The pilot tests used the selected concrete and brick. The best performers against traditional media controls and the results showed pollutant removal (COD, TSS, Turbidity, TOC and N) in line with previous models. The media, except concrete, however released phosphorus. This was further confirmed by batch tests with different operating conditions which found the media released P when the initial P concentration was below 10mg/l or above 15mg/l. Concrete was not affected and continued to adsorb P under all conditions (Chapter 4). It was recommended that tests using crushed concrete for tertiary treatment be carried out. Concrete was further studies by isotherm models the best fit was the Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption of 6.88mg/g. The mechanism of adsorption was ionic attraction determined by kinetic study and thermodynamic models. The adsorption capacity was compared with other literature, and the results from this study suggested a larger size of crushed concrete (2-5mm) could be used for P removal as effectively as smaller sizes. In order to determine the phase of the P adsorbed, sequential extractions were carried out. The results confirmed labile or easily removed P (LBP) dominated (44%) followed by refractory or occluded P (O-P), Ca-P, Mg-P and Al-P. The literature, suggested LBP would be easily available to plants and the RCA could be reused for plant nutrient supply. Different grades of RCA in terms of their original water to cement ratio (W/C) were also tested for P removal. The study showed high W/C ratio removed more P due to the greater porosity and larger pore sizes than the lower W/C ratio.

Submitted by CARLA MARIA GOULART DE MORAES (carlagm) on 2015-05-07T15:29:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MicheliSilveiraGoncalves.pdf: 3809253 bytes, checksum: 08117d13836ff905179bd2fbdae30d28 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T15:29:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MicheliSilveiraGoncalves.pdf: 3809253 bytes, checksum: 08117d13836ff905179bd2fbdae30d28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-25 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares / A preocupação com o meio ambiente e a escassez de recursos naturais tem levado à busca por alternativas de crescimento mais sustentáveis por parte de todos os segmentos da sociedade. Dentro desta corrida pelo bem estar ambiental, a reciclagem de resíduos tem se mostrado uma boa alternativa na redução do impacto causado pelo consumo desordenado de matéria-prima e pela redução das áreas de disposição, em virtude do grande volume de resíduos descartados a cada ano em todo mundo. Neste contexto encontram-se inseridos os resíduos da construção civil, foco deste trabalho, o qual tem como objetivo o estudo da influência da utilização de agregados reciclados de concreto para a produção de novos concretos e à verificação da potencialidade de reciclagem dos resíduos gerados pela indústria de pré-fabricados em concreto localizada no município de Porto Alegre. Para as novas matrizes de concreto confeccionaram-se três traços, com os dois resíduos gerados em maior quantidade pela indústria, sendo realizada a substituição do agregado graúdo natural pelo reciclado de concreto na quantidade de 50% em volume. Utilizou-se água de compensação na confeccção dos concretos com agregado reciclado devido as diferentes absorções de água. Nestes novos concretos verificou-se a influência do agregado reciclado sobre as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à compressão e à tração), propriedade de durabilidade (absorção de água) e observado o monitoramento da evolução da temperatura das reações de hidratação. A partir dos resultados obtidos realizaram-se análises estatísticas e apresentaram-se modelos matemáticos. Concluindo-se que os concretos confeccionados com ARCs, oriundos do processo de cura convencional, apresentaram acréscimo nas propriedades de resistência à compressão e à tração, enquanto os oriundos do processo de cura térmica, decréscimo quando comparados à referência. Já para a propriedade de absorção de água, verificou-se um aumento para os dois tipos de ARCs, quando compara-se à referência, não sendo este aumento significativo em escala real. Para o monitoramento da evolução da temperatura das reações de hidratação da pasta do concreto, verificou-se redução do início dos tempos, para as amostras contendo agregado reciclado, sem a presença de aditivo, ao comparar-se à referência, já para as amostras com aditivo, verificou-se maiores valores de temperatura, não sendo observada nenhuma tendência quanto ao início e fim dos tempos de evolução da temperarura das reações de hidratação das amostras de concreto. / The concern about the environment and the lack of natural resources has led all segments of society to the search for more sustainable alternatives of growth. In this run for environmental welfare, the recycling of material waste seems to be a good alternative for the reduction of the impact caused by the messy consumption of raw material and the reduction of provision areas, by virtue of the great amount of discarded waste every year in the world. In this context is the waste coming from civil construction, the focus of this work, which aims to study the influence of the use of recycled concrete aggregate for the production of new concrete and also the verification of the recycling potential of the waste generated by the industry ofprecast concrete located in the city of Porto Alegre. For new concrete matrixes crafted three traces, with the two waste materials generated in most part by the industry, having the replacement of the natural coarse aggregate been done with the recycled concrete in the volume of 50%. Compensation water was used in the making of concrete with recycled aggregate due to different levels of water absorption. In this new concrete was checked the influence of the recycled aggregate over the mechanical properties (resistance to compression and traction), durability property (water absorption) and was observed the monitoring of the evolution of temperature of the hydration reactions. From the results obtained, statistical analyses and mathematical models were made. It can be concluded that the concrete manufactured with RCAs (recycled concrete aggregate) coming from the conventional cure process showed increase in the properties of resistance to compression and to traction, while the ones coming from the process of thermal cure show decrease when compared to the reference. As for the property of water absorption, there is an increase for both kinds of RCAs when compared to the reference, not constituting a significant increase in real scale. For the monitoring of the temperature evolution of the hydration reactions of the concrete paste was verified decrease of the beginning of time for samples containing recycled aggregate without the presence of additive, when compared to the reference, was verified higher values of temperature, not having been observed any tendency regarding as start and end times for the evolution of temperarure the reactions of hydration of concrete samples.

In the process of crushing concrete waste, significant amounts of fine by-products, the so called fine recycled concrete aggregates (FRCA), are generated and excluded from potential use. Limited research has thoroughly investigated the performance of concrete mixes with FRCA, very likely due to the complexity in analysing non-negligible amounts of adhered residual cement paste (RCP). Although some studies have proposed promising sustainable mix-design procedures accounting for the different microstructure when using coarse recycled concrete aggregates (CRCA), no similar approach exists for FRCA concrete. In this work, two promising procedures for mix-designing eco-efficient concrete with 100% FRCA are proposed accounting for the presence of RCP to reduce cement content in new mixtures. First, built on top of the existing procedure for CRCA mix-design, modifications to the Equivalent Volume (EV) method were introduced toconsider full replacement of fine natural sand by FRCA. Second, based on the concept of continuous Particle Packing Models (PPM), an optimized procedure was proposed to allow maximum packing density of FRCA mix linked to a given level of measured RCP content. Results verified the feasibility of producing eco-efficient concrete mixes with 100% FRCA, emphasizing the PPM mixes to report superior rheological and mechanical performance along with suitable durability-related properties. Yet, results also indicated the influence of simple or multistage crushed FRCA on the overall performance of mixes.

The use of recycled concrete with substitution of the natural aggregate by recycled aggregate from construction and demolition waste (CDW) is one of the most promising alternatives for reduction of the environmental impact of the construction industry. However, for this solution be applied in wide scale it is necessary that new material can be used in the production of structural elements, which represent the largest portion of the concrete consumption. In this work, the mechanical behaviour of flags and T beams, formed by a precast element and a layer of reinforced concrete, submitted to flexural test. To produce the upper concrete layer recycled aggregates were used. The substitution rates of fine and coarse natural aggregate for recycled ones were 50% and 100%. / A utilização do concreto reciclado com substituição dos agregados naturais por agregados reciclados oriundos do beneficiamento do resíduo de construção e demolição (RCD) é uma das alternativas mais promissoras para redução do impacto ambiental e do consumo de energia do setor da Construção Civil. No entanto, para que essa solução seja aplicada em larga escala é preciso que esse novo material possa ser utilizado na produção de elementos estruturais, que representam a maior parcela do consumo do concreto. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado experimentalmente o comportamento mecânico de lajes prémoldadas, através do ensaio de vigas T e de lajes pré-moldadas de concreto armado, submetidas a ensaio de flexão em 4 pontos, produzidas com concreto reciclado utilizando 50% e 100% de substituição do agregado natural por reciclado. Buscando avaliar e verificar a viabilidade técnica da utilização de RCD no concreto para a produção de tais elementos. Verifica-se que o emprego do concreto reciclado com 50% e 100% de substituição dos agregados graúdos e miúdos, é viável para a fabricação de lajes pré-moldadas.