Orientador: Rosângela de Lima Vieira / Banca: Francisco Luiz Corsi / Banca: Júlio Gomes da Silva Neto / Resumo: A consolidação da China como grande produtora e exportadora de produtos manufaturados trouxe grandes desafios para todos os países, principalmente para as economias em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do Brasil. Em diversas partes do mundo, variados setores da indústria têm enfrentado dificuldades devido à oferta dos bens manufaturados chineses. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as relações comerciais entre Brasil e China de forma detalhada, principalmente no que diz respeito às ameaças da concorrência chinesa. A análise do fluxo bilateral mostrou que as exportações brasileiras destinadas ao mercado chinês estão concentradas em commodities e produtos de baixo valor agregado e intensivos em recursos naturais, como soja, minérios e combustíveis. Já as importações de origem chinesa são em grande parte de produtos industrializados com maior valor agregado e intensivos em mão de obra / Abstract: The consolidation of China as great producer and exporter of manufactured products brought great challenges to all countries, mainly for the savings in development, as is the case of Brazil. In several parts of the world, varied sections of the industry, they have been facing difficulties due to the offer of the Chinese goods. This work had as objective analyzes the commercial relationships between Brazil and China in a detailed, way mainly in what concerns the threats of the threats of the Chinese competition. The analysis of the bilateral flow showed that the Brazilian exports destined to the Chinese market they are concentrated in commodities and products of low value joined intensive in natural resources, as soy, ores and fuels, the imports of Chinese origin are already in a large part of products industrialized with larger joined value and intensive in labor / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:38:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 spinelli_cha_me_mar.pdf: 621010 bytes, checksum: de5ed61d2e61875f6627d5bd6828954d (MD5) / A consolidação da China como grande produtora e exportadora de produtos manufaturados trouxe grandes desafios para todos os países, principalmente para as economias em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do Brasil. Em diversas partes do mundo, variados setores da indústria têm enfrentado dificuldades devido à oferta dos bens manufaturados chineses. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as relações comerciais entre Brasil e China de forma detalhada, principalmente no que diz respeito às ameaças da concorrência chinesa. A análise do fluxo bilateral mostrou que as exportações brasileiras destinadas ao mercado chinês estão concentradas em commodities e produtos de baixo valor agregado e intensivos em recursos naturais, como soja, minérios e combustíveis. Já as importações de origem chinesa são em grande parte de produtos industrializados com maior valor agregado e intensivos em mão de obra / The consolidation of China as great producer and exporter of manufactured products brought great challenges to all countries, mainly for the savings in development, as is the case of Brazil. In several parts of the world, varied sections of the industry, they have been facing difficulties due to the offer of the Chinese goods. This work had as objective analyzes the commercial relationships between Brazil and China in a detailed, way mainly in what concerns the threats of the threats of the Chinese competition. The analysis of the bilateral flow showed that the Brazilian exports destined to the Chinese market they are concentrated in commodities and products of low value joined intensive in natural resources, as soy, ores and fuels, the imports of Chinese origin are already in a large part of products industrialized with larger joined value and intensive in labor

Submitted by Estagiário SPT BMHS (spt@fgv.br) on 2012-10-08T13:20:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 000089454.pdf: 4656444 bytes, checksum: c4598123f1eb8164aa8f302292a62068 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Estagiário SPT BMHS (spt@fgv.br) on 2012-10-08T13:23:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 000089454.pdf: 4656444 bytes, checksum: c4598123f1eb8164aa8f302292a62068 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-08T13:24:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 000089454.pdf: 4656444 bytes, checksum: c4598123f1eb8164aa8f302292a62068 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1968 / O presente 'paper' tem por objetivo dar uma visão global das principais formulações, elaboradas no campo teórico, a respeito de uniões aduaneiras. Conquanto seja bastante extensa a literatura existente, acha-se ela espalhada por um sem número de artigos de revistas e periódicos, existindo poucos compêndios específicos sobre o assunto. O trabalho será dividido em duas partes na primeira ocupar-nos-emos dos aspectos teóricos da integração, e na segunda tentaremos mensurar os principais efeitos econômicos da integração. A primeira parte deste trabalho consta de sete seções. Nas duas primeiras nos ocuparemos da apresentação dos postulados da teoria pura do comércio internacional e dos efeitos da introdução das tarifas. Estas seções objetivam facilitar a compreensão do problema da abolição das barreiras. A terceira tratará das reduções tarifárias em bases discriminatórias e não discriminatórias, para em seguida, na quarta seção, analisarmos a estrutura teórica de Viner. As duas seções seguintes preocupar-se-ão com problemas que têm recebido grande atenção dos diversos estudiosos: a complementaridade e similaridade (ou rivalidade), e o dimensionamento da união. E finalmente, a última, apresentará algumas conclusões teóricas.

Orientador: Luciana Togeiro de Almeida / Banca: Eduardo Strachman / Banca: Renato de Castro Garcia / Resumo: O comércio internacional do setor têxtil-vestuário foi caracterizado pela existência de acordos comerciais, os quais estipulavam cotas às exportações dos países fornecedores, até dezembro de 2004. Janeiro de 2005 foi marcado pelo fim do Acordo de Têxteis e Vestuário (ATV), com a eliminação das restrições quantitativas e a integração do comércio de produtos têxteis e confeccionados às regras da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC). Esta dissertação tem como objetivo geral analisar os impactos do fim do sistema de cotas sobre o comércio realizado entre os principais mercados consumidores (Estados Unidos e União Européia) e os países em desenvolvimento no período 2005-2006. Em particular, são identificados os principais impactos sobre o setor têxtil-vestuário brasileiro. As conclusões mostram que os países desenvolvidos continuam a buscar novas formas de proteger suas indústrias domésticas, o que prejudica interesses comerciais e os ganhos esperados por alguns países em desenvolvimento. No breve período pós-ATV, o que se observou foi a redução das exportações dos países próximos a EUA e UE e o aumento das exportações de países geograficamente mais distantes, em especial, países menos desenvolvidos. Além disso, a China tem apresentado um significativo aumento de suas exportações de artigos têxteis e confeccionados no total das exportações mundiais. No Brasil, os impactos do fim do ATV foram pouco sentidos pela ótica das exportações. Uma pesquisa realizada a partir de cinco grandes empresas brasileiras do setor mostrou que iniciativas efetivas em direção à expansão para o mercado externo ainda são pontuais. Entretanto, as importações brasileiras de produtos oriundos principalmente da China têm aumentado e a estratégia adotada pelo governo brasileiro tem sido de caráter defensivo, via aumento das barreiras tarifárias. / Abstract: The international trade of the textile and clothing sector was characterized by the existence of trade agreements, which stipulated quotas to the exports of the suppling countries, until December 2004. January 2005 was marked by the end of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC), together with the elimination of the quantitative restrictions and the trade integration of the textiles and apparel products into the World Trade Organization (WTO) rules. The general objetive of this dissertation is to analyse the impacts of the end of the quota system on the trade between the main consumer markets (United States and European Union) and the developing countries during the period 2005-2006. Particularly, the prime impacts on the Brazilian textile and clothing sector are identified. The conclusions show that the developed countries continue to look for new forms of industrial protection, which is harmful to the comercial interests and expected gains of some developing countries. In the brief period post-ATC, it was noted the reduction of the exports from countries near US and EU and the elevation of the exports from countries geographicaly distants, specially the least developed countries. Besides this, China has been strongly increasing its textile and clothing exports in the total world-wide exports. In Brazil, the impacts of the end of ATC have been small on the export side. A research carried through five great Brazilian entreprises of the sector showed that effective initiatives towards the expansion to the external market are still prompt. However, the Brazilian imports of products coming specially from China have been increasing and the strategy adopted by the Brazilian government have been defensive, by way of raising the tariff barriers. / Mestre

Orientador: Jorge Eduardo Scarpin. / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis e Administração.

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Programa de Pós-Graduação, 2007. / Submitted by Luis Felipe Souza (luis_felas@globo.com) on 2008-11-24T18:54:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_2007_CarlosEduardo.pdf: 3828268 bytes, checksum: cb5534c91f1bf019fd0a0dc66bd9b407 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Georgia Fernandes(georgia@bce.unb.br) on 2009-02-06T17:59:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_2007_CarlosEduardo.pdf: 3828268 bytes, checksum: cb5534c91f1bf019fd0a0dc66bd9b407 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-02-06T17:59:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_2007_CarlosEduardo.pdf: 3828268 bytes, checksum: cb5534c91f1bf019fd0a0dc66bd9b407 (MD5) / As relações Brasil-Argentina, no período que se estende de 1958 a 1986, passaram por um processo de convergência estrutural, balizado pelo “primeiro ensaio de integração” (1958-1962) e pela Ata de Integração Brasileiro-Argentina (1986), que estabeleceu um Programa de Integração e Cooperação Econômica (PICE) e que marcou o início das negociações que resultaram no Tratado de Assunção (1991), origens do Mercosul. O texto, porém, se inicia em 1962, considerando que o período anterior foi objeto de mestrado do autor. O trabalho pautou-se por duas grandes preocupações: analisar os fatores que permitiram a construção das bases para o entendimento da década de 1980; e identificar nesses vinte e oito anos a existência de subperíodos, definidos com base em características do próprio relacionamento bilateral. A partir do uso de farta base documental de natureza diplomática e de enfoques teóricos variados, com forte inspiração no estruturalismo latinoamericano, identificaram-se as seguintes fases nessa trajetória histórica: afastamento e reaproximação (1962-1966); o aprendizado do diálogo (1966-1972); as dificuldades do diálogo (1972-1976); a superação das dificuldades (1976-1979); e a consolidação do entendimento (1980-1986). A tese apresentada é que, em meio a avanços e recuos, momentos de tensão e de fluidez no diálogo, as relações Brasil-Argentina passaram pela “construção do entendimento” ao longo desse período, entendimento sem o qual a integração iniciada em meados da década de 1980 não seria possível. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Relations between Brazil and Argentina from 1958 to 1986 went through a process that might be defined as one of structural convergence. This process was deeply characterized by the “first attempt towards integration” (1858 – 1962) and by the Brazil-Argentina Integration Act (1986), which established a Program for Economic Integration and Cooperation, also known as PICE (Programa de Integração e Cooperação Econômica). That was also when the two countries initiated negotiations that later resulted in the elaboration of the agreement that originated Mercosur, the 1990 Treaty of Assunción. This dissertation basically analyzes the years after 1962 (since the previous years were theme to the author’s Master’s thesis) and reflects two major concerns: identifying the elements which led to the foundations of the 1980’s Brazil-Argentina dialogs; and emphasizing the existence, within the period being analyzed, of different phases, or sub-periods based on characteristics of their bilateral relations. Through the use of diplomatic archives’ documentation and different theoretical approaches strongly inspired in Latin-American structuralism, the following sub-periods were identified: a) distancing and reapproximating (1962-1966); b) learning from the dialogue (1966-1972); c) difficulties in dialoguing (1972-1976); d) overcoming difficulties (1976-1979); and e) consolidating understandings (1980-1986). The main thesis of this dissertation states that, amidst internal political crises and irresistible regional political pressures, advancements and setbacks, moments of tension and loosening in dialog, Brazil-Argentina relations went through a process of “construction of understanding” during the period at stake. And without this understanding, integration as it started in the 1980’s would not have been possible.

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:00:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Romulo-Gouvea.pdf: 7271203 bytes, checksum: d9d9cdb9d39c7af5976a3b3bd7dfcef1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / The main subject of this study is the analysis of negotiations. The study was developed based on the scenery of paralization and impasse of the negotiations for the Free Trade Area of the Americas - FTAA. Generally speaking, delays and interruptions caused by controversies and impasses end up becoming strong efficiency problems which jeopardize the consensus building during any negotiation. As a justification, the target of this study is to identify processes and recommendations to help obtain, efficiently, agreements in the negotiations. Its final objective was to search for theoretical tools and techniques to be applied in situations of stoppage in a sense of eliminating the difficulties or making them at least easier to deal with. Secondarily other theoretical points of view were considered with the intention of understanding how strategies and theoretical tools can contribute in each situation or in each different scenario of the negotiation. Through the different ways of looking at it for the conduction of the negotiations, for evaluating the dimensions of the negotiations and in order to build up the consensus, the researcher was able to understand the perception and the interpretation of the subject in view. At last the conclusion was that the applicability of the chosen framework is positive in helping solve problems and controversies as well as building up the consensus during the negotiations. / Esse trabalho aborda como tema principal o estudo de negociações e se desenvolve no cenário de paralisação e impasse nas negociações da Área de Livre Comércio das Américas - ALCA. Nas negociações em geral, atrasos e paralisações, ocasionados por controvérsias e impasses, podem constituir um forte problema de eficiência na construção do consenso. Como justificativa, diante da problemática, esse trabalho visa identificar processos e recomendações que auxiliem a obter, eficientemente, acordos nas negociações. Seu objetivo final foi a busca por instrumentos teóricos e técnicas que pudessem ser aplicados em situações de paralisações, no sentido de eliminá-las ou amenizá-las. Como objetivo secundário, foram estudadas outras abordagens teóricas no intuito de entender, sob diversas óticas, como estratégias e instrumentos teóricos contribuem mais eficientemente em cada situação ou em cada condição de negociação. Através das diferentes abordagens escolhidas para gestão das negociações, para avaliação das dimensões presentes nas negociações e para construção de consenso, ficou possível ao pesquisador a percepção e interpretação do fenômeno estudado. Ao final, concluiu-se positivamente sobre a aplicabilidade do arcabouço teórico escolhido, no auxílio na solução problemas de controvérsias e impasses, bem como, na construção de consenso nas negociações.

Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-13T13:16:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-08-06

Made available in DSpace on 2008-05-13T15:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2083.pdf: 541513 bytes, checksum: b48cd5788a90e63bd202862cb26f1235 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-27 / This study in International Economics has three main goals. First, to indicate, among seven price indices, the one with the highest purchasing power parity (PPP) evidence; second, to suggest that the international trade theory explains to satisfaction the real exchange rate parity among countries with similar relative-factor-endowment; and third, to study the impact of the Brazilian trade openness on labor demand elasticity.

Submitted by Clay Lee Doherty (clay.doherty2015@fgvmail.br) on 2015-01-27T17:40:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2015-02-04T19:24:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2015-02-11T17:39:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-11T17:40:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CLAY L DOHERTY.pdf: 784696 bytes, checksum: 4deefbdb21ea0d5b500bb49692552473 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-28 / With transnational corporations (TNCs) around the world today numbering over 60,000 and more than 800,000 affiliates working abroad, it is easy to understand how modern day international business could have transformed into a major global player serving at the axis of politics, social and environmental responsibility. Additionally, with accountability to a large variety of both public and private stakeholders, all exerting significant power and influence, today’s global corporate structure is reinventing modern international relations, and in some cases, dominating it. (Muldoon 2005) This transformative nature of globalization today can also serve as a source of friction among this growing chorus of players and is bringing irreversible change to these relationships and how they impact and influence business around the world. (Muldoon 2005) From the largest to the smallest international corporation seeking to expand into new international markets, the challenges that come with corporate ambition can mean the difference between success and failure and they find a home at the intersection of international relations, diplomacy and economics. To successfully navigate these challenges, especially in emerging economies, a company must now factor in more than just the 'bottom line' and address complex issues that include human rights differences, environmental regulations, labor rights and values of each country. (Henisz, 2014) Combined with modern-day mobility achieved through technology and the Internet, corporations today have a great capacity to reach targeted audiences and establish a presence, but it is this same technology that also allows for immediate response to any corporate action. This constant, 24-hour news cycle, where everyone is made to be a real-time reporter through social media, has created a situation that demonstrably necessitates the ability to not only 3 respond immediately, but also to have real-time understanding of the challenges faced by a corporation as it looks toward global expansion. International Business Diplomacy, or simply Business Diplomacy as it will be referred to in this paper, combines all of these nuanced factors into a relatively new discipline that offers companies looking to expand into new markets, guidelines and directives so that they can more strategically map corporate direction, limit risk and achieve their objectives. This paper will examine the history of diplomacy and how the concept of statecraft became intertwined with the increasing globalization of business. Following a scholarly examination of how modern Business Diplomacy came into being, and the unique challenges that come with its application, particularly the liabilities needed to be overcome, this paper will apply the concept to the Brazilian aerospace manufacturer Embraer, tracking its strategic emergence from a small, regionally focused aircraft producer to global leader in the regional and executive jet market platforms. It will then examine Embraer’s entrance into the Chinese market, where the company suffered from several missteps and eventually had to refocus its business model from commercial to executive jets. Finally, as globalization continues to 'emancipate international business from its institutional and social constraints,' (Muldoon 2005) this paper will address how the relatively new and emerging discipline of Business Diplomacy is continuing to mature and grow in stature and influence through the proposition of a new challenge or 'liability' that corporations must also overcome as they expand into new markets. Through the analysis of Embraer in China, this paper will introduce the Liability of Governance to the lexicon of Business Diplomacy and propose specific steps that a company can undertake to avoid it.