Objectives: Dental Monitoring® (“DM,” Dental Monitoring, Paris, France), is a cloud-based software that allows orthodontists to track patients’ treatment remotely. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of the software in making linear measurements. Methods: Patients took intraoral photographs using the DM application, immediately followed by impressions for plaster models. Intercanine and intermolar width and arch depth measurements were made by DM and compared to measurements made on the plaster models. Data was analyzed using two one-sided t-tests for equivalence with equivalence bounds of +/-0.5mm. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Thirty sets of measurements were compared. The intercanine and intermolar measurement differences were on average 0.17mm and -0.02mm, respectively, and were deemed equivalent. The arch depth measurements had an average difference of -0.54mm and were deemed not equivalent. Conclusion: The monitoring software seems to provide an accurate assessment of linear tooth movements.

Positioning and navigation systems play an important role in our daily life, but now most of positioning systems were confined in outdoor environments, most of which were used on transportation. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to develop a Pedestrian Dead Reckoning System (PDRS), which can not only be used to solve a problem of GPS out-of-lock, but also be used in the field of indoor positioning. In dangerous environments, such as the scene of a fire, when the rescue personnel have an accident on himself or discover a wounded who need to be salvaged, if the rescue personnel who has configured the PDRS, then the other rescue personnel can assist them immediately. In the part of hardware system, we used embedded system to be the primary part of the entire system, the embedded system has the characters of low power consumption and portability. Therefore, we chose the TI OMAP35x EVM platform to be our primary system of PDRS. In order to get the information of pedestrian, we also need the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and Compass to provide the information of acceleration and heading for PDRS. To achieve the function of remote monitoring, we used wireless transmission module to send data of sensors to OMAP35x EVM. Finally, the most important function that we must accomplish in this thesis is to use OMAP35x EVM to build a real-time PDRS. In the part of software system, we use Linux OS and Qt SDK to build the software system of PDRS in this thesis. In the part of algorithm, we use step detection, step length estimation and dead reckoning method to construct the algorithm of PDRS in this thesis.

Along with the development of localization and navigation technologies, the Global Positioning System (GPS) plays an important role in our daily life, but it is confined in outdoor environments. The technology of human localization has been developed in recent years. This technology utilizes sensors to determine the movement of human and measure the distance of walking, which is not only used to solve the problem of GPS out-of-lock, but also used for the indoor localization. This thesis describes a human step-length recognition and real-time localization base on an embedded system. The goal of this system is to develop a gait pattern classification and pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) method for human localization. Through the information of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and two force sensors mounted on a shoe, the wireless transmission module is used to send data of sensors to an embedded platform. Then the functions of step detection, step length estimation and gait pattern recognition can be achieved. According to coordinate transformation and the ZUPT algorithm, the accumulated error of velocity can be corrected. The dead reckoning method is used to obtain the information of location. Finally, the information of human location and gait patterns is sent to the Android system for remote monitoring.

In recent years, due to the international competition, soaring cost of land and personnel, aging population, low birth rate¡Ketc, resulting in the recession of the competitiveness of traditional industries in Taiwan. Manpower is needed to monitor the manufacturing process, however, only a worker can¡¦t endure such kind of repetitive workload; on the other hand, it¡¦s not economic to hire more workers to share the workload. Therefore, we expect robots to replace human resources in the manufacturing process. With the advance of science and technology, the mobile robot must equip intelligent judgments. For instance, obstacle avoidance, a way to avoid damage being caused by collision with the obstacles. In general, there are some tables, chairs and the electrical equipment in the office. In the dynamic obstacles case, the robot is effective and immediate response to determine while the people are walking, the staff members to maintain a work efficiency, and security through complex environments. It is the primary topics of discussion. Another important function is path planning, such as the patrol, and the global path planning. Let the mobile robot reach the specified target successfully. In the remote monitoring case, let users know the actual situation of the mobile robot. For example, records of patrol information and specify the action type to move. Therefore, this thesis presents a project of the indoor integrated intelligent mobile robots, including obstacle avoidance, path planning, and remote monitoring of the unknown environment.

This dissertation presents findings from two disparate research projects relating to the cathodic protection (CP) of piles supporting bridge elements. The first was a proof of concept study for developing a new hybrid pile repair system incorporating embedded sacrificial zinc anodes within a fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wrap. The second was to develop and remotely monitor the performance of magnesium anodes protecting steel H-piles supporting two bridges in Florida. The hybrid FRP-CP system involved a proof-of-concept laboratory study to refine pressure / vacuum bagging systems for pile repair and to quantify the improvement in the FRP concrete bond. Two different FRP systems, one epoxy based and the other urethane based, were evaluated. Improvement in bond was determined through destructive pullout tests conducted on full-size pile specimens that were wrapped while partially submerged in a fresh water tank. The results showed that pressure led to significant improvement in FRP-concrete bond. Pressure was optimal for the epoxy-based system, while vacuum proved better for the urethane-based system. The pressure system was subsequently used to install FRP over embedded anodes in a field demonstration project where four corroding piles were repaired using the hybrid FRP-CP system. Cathodic protection was provided by embedding eight zinc anodes in each concrete pile. Protection below the water line was provided by bulk anodes. Reference electrodes were installed to monitor the performance of the CP system and data loggers were used to monitor the anodic current. Results from over 12 months of monitoring showed that the hybrid FRP-CP system worked and the current demand of the steel was lower in the FRP wrapped piles compared to the unwrapped control. Numerical simulations were carried out to determine how the hybrid FRP-CP system could be improved. Initially the investigation focused on determining if bulk anodes alone could be used to provide the required protection. Results showed that while bulk anodes were more effective in FRP wrapped piles, they could not provide adequate protection over the entire splash-zone. In view of this, a preliminary three dimensional finite element analysis was carried out using commercially available software. The analysis showed that anode strips embedded in the pile just beneath the surface may provide adequate protection. Such anodes would be easier to install and are an improvement over the system investigated. The second project involved the development of a remote monitoring system to assess the performance of a sacrificial anode cathodic protection system used for steel piles on two bridges along I-75 in Florida. The problem was the inexplicable consumption rate of the magnesium anodes. Commercially available systems and sensors were used to successfully monitor the environment and the anodic current of the CP system for over 12 months. A solution for the excess magnesium consumption was proposed through the incorporation of an in-circuit variable resistor that could regulate the current draw from the anode. The system was implemented but its performance will be monitored by the Florida Department of Transportation who assumed responsibility for the equipment. Initial results were promising.

Firmly placed in an industrial setting, this research explored the introduction of remote monitoring technology into three different organizational contexts. By following these organizations over time, starting with their intention to invest in remote monitoring systems (RMS), there was a unique opportunity to witness their processes and to gain an insight into the intricacies of information technology (IT) and organizational transformation. The main question that this research sought to answer was thus: How is IT implicated in the remote monitoring of industrial equipment? Previous information systems research has been accused of not paying enough attention to the material, that is, of not being specific about technology. This research adopted a sociomaterial perspective, thus recognizing the constitutive entanglement of the material and the social, and thereby acknowledging their mutual dependency. However, in order to provide specific insights about the material, an analytical disentanglement was performed, by extending the concept of agency from a focus on “the what” to include “the how”. Change was thus studied by not only asking what the nature of change is and who or what causes change to occur, but by also tracing how change is enacted, thus capturing both material and social agency as well as tracing their entanglement. This research employed a broad approach, designed to provide a profound and extensive account of the studied phenomenon. Consequently, the thesis explored value creation, sourcing routines, partnership formation and innovative practices all related to remote diagnostics design and use. In addition, the research was qualitative and used interpretive case studies as the main methodology. A composite finding of this research is that an RMS, with its ability to collect, transmit, store, and analyze specific contextual information across time and space, provides opportunities for boundary-spanning activities manifested as the formation of interorganizational networks. Furthermore, by tracing the information capabilities of the IT, and by being specific about the material, it has been possible to explore how RMSs have the potential to influence both organizational form and content. Through the examination of RMSs within interorganizational networks and as a part of value creation practices, this research has also shown how the organizational form and content have the potential to influence RMSs; their design, use, and material affordances. This research also placed focus on the importance of trust and has shown that trust in technology is established through trust in people.

Σχεδίαση και ανάπτυξη ολοκληρωμένου συστήματος Τηλεχειρισμού και Τηλεελέγχου. Η σχεδίαση του συστήματος βασίζεται στον ισχυρό μικροεπεξεργαστή ATMega644PA της Atmel και όλος ο προγραμματισμός έγινε σε γλώσσα προγραμματισμού Assembly. Το σύστημα διαθέτει 8 ψηφιακές εξόδους (ON/OFF) και 8 ψηφιακές εισόδους (0-12 Volts). Το μικροϋπολογιστικό σύστημα διαθέτει επίσης module κινητής Τηλεφωνίας, μέσω του οποίου λαμβάνονται και αποστέλλονται, προκαθορισμένα μηνύματα, που αφορούν τον χειρισμό και τον έλεγχο των εξόδων και των εισόδων του. Στο σύστημα είναι διασυνδεδεμένο mini “embedded PC” με ειδικά σχεδιασμένο λειτουργικό σύστημα, βασισμένο στο Linux (Διανομή Debian). Στο υποσύστημα αυτό αναπτύχθηκε ιστοσελίδα σε γλώσσα προγραμματισμού ιστοσελίδων PHP. Ο διαπιστευμένος επισκέπτης της ιστοσελίδας αυτής έχει την δυνατότητα να χειριστεί-ελέγξει τις εξόδους-εισόδους του συστήματος. / Design and development of an integrated remote control and remote monitoring system. The system design is based into a powerful microprocessor Atmel's ATMega644PA and all the programming is written in the programming language, Assembly. The system provides 8 digital outputs (ON / OFF) and 8 digital inputs (0-12 Volts). The microcontroller has also a module system for mobile telephony through which, predefined messages are received and sent, related to the handling/ operation and control of its outputs and inputs. The system is interconnected with a mini "embedded PC" with specially designed operating system based on Linux (distribution Debian). A website was developed into this subsystem in the programming language for websites, PHP. The accredited visitor of this website is able to handle and control the inputs and the outputs of the system.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-23T14:16:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RAQUEL FREITAS REIS - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGECA) 2018.pdf: 4141449 bytes, checksum: b57757529ff04df0429b3601ab44b379 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T14:16:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RAQUEL FREITAS REIS - DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGECA) 2018.pdf: 4141449 bytes, checksum: b57757529ff04df0429b3601ab44b379 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-22 / CNPq / O monitoramento de aterros sanitários pode ser considerado um dos componentes principais do plano de gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU), pois auxilia na fase de projeto, implantação, operação, controle e encerramento. Compreender o comportamento mecânico e as taxas ou cinéticas da biodegradação dos maciços de resíduos aterrados é fundamental para tomar ações preventivas ou corretivas inerentes a questões estruturais e ambientais da obra. Um dos parâmetros que melhor define o comportamento desses maciços sanitários são os recalques, que são deslocamentos verticais que ocorrem em diferentes velocidades, tempo e magnitude, decorrentes do peso próprio, cargas aplicadas e, principalmente, devido aos processos biodegradativos. Embora o monitoramento seja de suma importância, a maioria dos sistemas de medições que são utilizados em aterros sanitários são adaptados da geotecnia clássica, não levando em consideração as peculiaridades deste tipo de obra. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um sistema de medição automatizado para monitorar recalques em superfície e em profundidade de aterros sanitários. Este sistema conta com a transmissão dos dados a distância e sem fio, permitindo o melhor acesso aos dados. Vale salientar, que o desenvolvimento do sistema de medição automatizado tem como base uma metodologia de medição convencional já existente e utilizada na prática da engenharia geotécnica, o Medidor Magnético de Recalques (MMR). A implementação do sistema de medição abordado neste trabalho, abrangeu a união dos conhecimentos em geotecnia, eletrônica, informática, mecânica e telecomunicações, permitindo o desenvolvimento de um equipamento para monitoramento remoto, a partir da utilização de dispositivos eletrônicos e eletromecânicos que favoreceram a automação do sistema e a transmissão dos dados. O sistema de medição automatizado é constituído de sistema secundário, sistema principal e placa para medição de recalques, além do tubo guia e placas magnéticas, distribuídas no maciço em diferentes profundidades. Seu funcionamento consiste em realizar as medidas de maneira automatizada, em dias e horários pré-estabelecidos, detectando a posição de cada placa magnética, baseada na quantidade de passos do motor utilizado. Para a transmissão, esta posição é determinada em milímetros em função dessa quantidade de passos. Para validar e calibrar o sistema de medição automatizado foi desenvolvido um cenário de ensaio em laboratório, constituído de um suporte, para fixação do tubo guia, placas magnéticas e fita métrica. A calibração do sistema de medição automatizado consiste no comparativo com o MMR. Primeiramente é posicionada uma placa magnética em uma altura definida, e verifica-se visualmente, na fita métrica localizada no interior do tubo guia qual a posição da placa, este valor é tido como valor verdadeiro. Os valores das medidas obtidas pelos dois sistemas de medições são comparados com o valor verdadeiro e são analisados parâmetros como exatidão, precisão e erro de cada sistema de medição por meio da estatística descritiva. Posteriormente, os sistemas de medições são avaliados para observar qual apresenta maior eficiência. Para calibrar o sistema de medição automatizado, foi utilizado um modelo de regressão linear simples, obtendo o comprimento da linha (posição) em função da quantidade de voltas (número de passos). Após a transmissão da posição da placa magnética é utilizado este modelo para o tratamento dos dados. As medidas obtidas pelo sistema de medição automatizado ocorreram em tempo reduzido, apresentando exatidão e precisão, com um erro absoluto de 19,40 mm. Desta forma, constata-se que o sistema de medição desenvolvido é uma boa alternativa de medição, pois pouco demanda a presença do operador em campo, permite a realização das leituras em tempos bem definidos, gerando dados confiáveis e, consequentemente, melhores interpretações. / Landfill monitoring can be considered as one of the main components of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management planning. As long as it assists the design, implementation, operation, control and closure phases of landfills. Understanding the mechanical and biodegradable behavior of landfill waste mass is fundamental to take preventive or corrective actions inherent to structural and environmental issues. Settlements are one of the best parameters that defines the behavior of these sanitary landfills. On of that parameter is the vertical displacement that occur at different velocities, time and magnitude, due to their own weight, applied loads and, mainly, due to biodegradation processes. Despite the importance of monitoring, most of the measurement systems used in landfills are adapted from classical geotechnical engineering, not taking into account the peculiarities of this scope. The objective of this work was is to develop an automated measurement system to monitor surface and in-depth settlements of landfills. This system relies on wireless and remote data transmission, allowing better access to data. The development of the automated measurement system is based on a conventional methodology used in geotechnical engineering field. The implementation of the measurement system presented in this research involves the correlation of knowledge in geotechnical engineering, electronics, computer science, mechanics and telecommunications. That confluence of knowledge allows the development of a remote monitoring equipment, using electronic and electromechanical devices that favored the automation of the system and the transmission of data. The automated measuring system consists of a secondary system, a main system and a plate for settlement measuring, besides the guide tube and magnetic plates distributed in the waste mass at different depths. Its operation consists of automated measurements, in pre-established dates and times, detecting the position of each magnetic plate based on the amount of steps performed by a stepper motor. In order to validate and calibrate the system, a laboratory prototype was developed, consisting of a support for fixing the guide tube, magnetic plates and measuring tape. Initially, the analysis of the two measurement systems consists in positioning a magnetic plate at a determined height, and verify through the measure tape located inside the guide tube which position is the plate, this position is adopted as true value. The values of the measurements obtained by the measurement systems are compared with the true value. Parameters such as accuracy, precision and error of each measuring system are analyzed by descriptive statistics. Subsequently, the measurement systems are evaluated to determine its efficiency for each system. In order to calibrate the automated measurement system, a simple linear regression model was used, obtaining the line length (position) as a function of the number of turns (number of steps). This model is used for the treatment of the data after the transmission of the magnetic plate position. The measurements obtained by the automated measurement system occurred in reduced time, presenting accuracy and precision, with an absolute error of 19.40 mm. It was verified that the developed system is a good alternative of measurement, since it does not require the presence of an operator in situ, and it allows performing the readings in pre-defined time, generating reliable data and suitable interpretations.

Os sistemas de controle e supervisão têm se revelado expressivamente importantes nos sistemas de produção. Garantir o funcionamento com qualidade dos processos industriais exige um controle permanente, sendo necessário manter constantes algumas variáveis. Um dos fatores que se destacam na utilização de monitoramento remoto é a possibilidade de centralizar o controle de um determinado processo em locais distintos, muitas vezes distantes do ponto de origem do problema, podendo ser acessado pelo responsável pelo processo e/ou muitas vezes resolvido pelo mesmo, sem a necessidade de locomover-se até o local do problema. Esse trabalho visou estudar e desenvolver um sistema utilizando a tecnologia de comunicação via rede elétrica e aquisição de dados, aplicado ao monitoramento e supervisão de temperatura do rotor de um aerogerador de pequeno porte por meio de um protótipo de simulação. O mesmo deu-se por meio de pesquisas e estudo de caso realizado em Laboratórios da Faculdade SATC, com a criação de um modelo de interface e aquisição de dados utilizando a rede elétrica para a transmissão e recepção de dados por intermédio da tecnologia PLC, como solução para o monitoramento remoto de uma variável definida como temperatura, simulando a temperatura do motor em um aerogerador de pequeno porte. Após a execução do protótipo, foram realizados testes comparativos entre a tecnologia PLC e a rede LAN em dois ambientes distintos: residencial e industrial. A análise do comportamento da rede LAN foi realizada através de um software de análise de redes, onde foram estabelecidos alguns parâmetros que representassem o desempenho da rede ao enviar e receber dados do sistema de monitoramento. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam as performances das tecnologias utilizadas como meios de transmissão, assim como apresentam um paralelo entre as mesmas. Os dados obtidos por este estudo mostram resultados satisfatórios da tecnologia PLC em relação à rede LAN, confirmando a possibilidade do uso desta tecnologia em sistemas de monitoramento remoto, permitindo assim um aumento na confiabilidade e comodidade operacional. / The control system and supervision have been revealed very important in product systems. To guarantee the function with quality, industrial process requires a permanent control being necessary keeping stable some variables. One important factor to point using remote monitoring is the possibility to centralize the control of one process in distinct place, many times far away from the problem original point. It can be accessed by responsible person for the process or many times solved by him without the necessity to be present where the problem started. This research studied and developed a monitoring system and supervision, using communication technology via electrical grid and data acquisition system. It was done by means of research and studies cases at SATC laboratory with data acquisition interface creation, using electric power distribution to transmit and receive the data by PLC technology as a solution to remote monitoring of a definite variable as temperature, simulating the temperature of a small wind power motor. After the prototype execution, comparatives tests were done between PLC technology and LAN network in two different environments: residential and industrial. The network behavior analysis was performed using a network analysis software, where were established some parameters that represent the performance of the network to send and receive data from the monitoring system.The data acquired in this research shows satisfactory results using PLC technology in relation to LAN network, confirming the possibility of use this technology in remote monitoring system allowing a reliability increase in operational convenience.

A proposta deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um protótipo composto por hardware e software de um sistema para o gerenciamento remoto de temperatura aplicado a aerogeradores de pequeno porte. O hardware microcontrolado (PIC16F877A) recebe e condiciona o sinal emitido por sensores de temperatura (termopares), executa um algoritmo e transmite a informação via rede sem fio (ZigBee) para um software instalado em um computador remoto. O software desenvolvido em linguagem de programação Delphi permite ao usuário monitorar online a temperatura e enviar sinais de comando para ligar e desligar cargas através do acionamento de relês presentes no cartão eletrônico (hardware). O sistema desenvolvido tem foco na aplicação de monitoramento de temperatura em pontos críticos dos aerogeradores de pequeno porte. O sistema permitirá inclusive que haja a intervenção do operador parando a máquina ou então acionando sistemas de refrigeração quando os limites de temperatura forem ultrapassados, visando prolongar a vida útil da máquina evitando falhas catastróficas e não catastróficas que possam inutilizar o equipamento e/ou oferecer algum tipo de risco ao meio em que se encontra. Com o objetivo de validar o desenvolvimento, o hardware implementado foi submetido a testes de validação de distância de comunicação apresentando resultado satisfatório, entretanto abaixo da especificação emitida pelo fabricante dos módulos ZigBee utilizados. O hardware e o software foram submetidos também à validação da precisão de medição da temperatura em uma máquina elétrica com características análogas aos pequenos aerogeradores onde apresentaram resultados aceitáveis para a aplicação proposta. / The proposal of this work was the development of a composed for the hardware and software of a system for the remote management of applied temperature the wind turbine of small transport. The microcontrolled hardware (PIC16F877A) receives and conditions the signal emitted for temperature sensors (thermocouples), executes an algorithm and transmits the information saw net without wire (ZigBee) for a software installed in a remote computer. The software developed in Delphi allows the user to monitor online the temperature and to send command signals to bind and disconnect loads through the drive of you reread gifts in the electronic card (the hardware). The developed system has focus in the application of monitoring of temperature in critical points of the wind turbine of small transport, also allowing that it has the intervention of the operator stopping the machine or then setting in motion refrigeration systems when the temperature limits will be exceeded, aiming at to draw out the useful life of the machine being prevented catastrophic failures and not catastrophic that can make unusable the equipment and/or offer some type of risk to the way where if it finds. With the objective to validate the development, the hardware implemented was submitted to validation tests of distance communication presenting satisfactory result, though below the specification issued by the manufacturer of ZigBee modules used. The hardware and software were also submitted to the validation of the accuracy of temperature measurement in an electric machine with features similar to small wind turbines which showed acceptable results for the proposed application.