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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The role of cell adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of experimental nephritis

Allen, Andrew Roger January 2000 (has links)
No description available.
2

Acute Renal Injury After Renal Artery Stenting

Haller, Steven Thomas 20 July 2005 (has links)
No description available.
3

Estudo da proteína urinária em cães Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD), através da eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida, indício de lesão renal precoce? / Electrophoresis of urinary protein evaluation in GRMD dogs, an early renal lesion?

Almeida, Angélica Oliveira de 17 December 2009 (has links)
A Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) é uma doença genética recessiva e hereditária, ligada ao cromossomo X, caracterizada pela ausência ou insuficiência da proteína distrofina no sarcolema das fibras musculares. É uma doença muscular progressiva, que afeta um em cada 3.500 meninos. Atualmente, os cães da raça Golden Retriever, portadores da distrofia muscular do Golden Retriever (GRMD), que exibem mudanças musculares, patogenia, bem como o fenótipo, comparáveis aos vistos nos casos de DMD, vêm sendo considerados o melhor modelo animal para o estudo da DMD. Nos GRMDs a fraqueza muscular inicia-se a partir do segundo mês de vida e é progressiva, portanto, a expectativa de vida destes cães é muito reduzida. Histologicamente, os músculos mostram necrose, fibrose e regeneração. As manifestações patológicas da GRMD já se iniciam na vida intra-uterina com o desenvolvimento de lesões nos músculos da língua. A hipertrofia da língua está associada com disfunção da faringe e do esôfago, o que resulta em disfagia,regurgitação e sialorréia. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar no modelo animal, utilizando cães golden retrievers normais e afetados pela distrofia muscular de duchenne, a proteína na urina e o peso molecular das proteínas urinárias, além de acompanhar a bioquímica sérica. Durante quatro meses seis cães machos com distrofia muscular e idade entre dois e seis anos tiveram amostras de urina coletadas a cada duas semanas e amostras de sangue coletadas uma vez por mês, e três cães normais foram avaliados para estabelecer uma comparação. Nas amostras sanguíneas foram realizados exames para avaliar a função renal e a urina foi usada para a mensuração de proteína, creatinina e a realização da eletroforese. Não foi encontrado indício de lesão renal nos exames realizados nas amostras de sangue e também na relação proteína:creatinina nas amostras de urina. Na análise das eletroforeses, foi encontrado diferenças na quantidade de bandas protéicas apresentadas entre os animais normais e os cães com distrofia muscular. Os cães com distrofia apresentam uma maior distribuição de bandas de alto peso molecular que não são encontradas nos cães normais, além de terem ainda uma maior quantidade de proteínas de baixo peso molecular. Apesar de se manterem dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos para lesão renal, os cães com distrofia, tem bandas protéicas que não são vistas em animais normais e que mantém a integridade do parênquima renal. / Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal childhood disease, a X-linked recessive disorder, caused by mutations of the dystrophyn gene, a protein that has a vital role in maintaining muscle structure and function. DMD is a progressive muscular disease, which affects 1:3500 born boys. At this moment, the dogs with Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD), are the best animal model to study DMD. GRMD dog exhibits muscle changes, pathogenesis and phenotype comparable with the DMD boys. In GRMDs, the muscular weakness beginning with 60 days of life and this is progressive. Histologically, the muscles show necrosis, fibrosis, degeneration and regeneration. The pathogenesis manifests in utero with the development of lingual muscle lesions. The tongue hypertrophy is associated with pharyngeal and esophageal dysfunction, and results in dysphagia, regurgitation and drooling. The aim of this research was investigates in normal dogs and in dogs affected by the Duchene muscular dystrophy the protein in the total urinary proteins and their separation with SDS-PAGE. During four months, six male dogs between two and six years were evaluated. The blood was examined once a month and the urine twice a month, three normal dogs were examined to establish a comparison between both. In blood samples were carried out tests to evaluate renal function and urine was used for the measurement of protein, creatinine and for electrophoresis. We found no evidence of kidney damage in tests performed on blood samples and also in the protein: creatinine ratio in urine samples. In the analysis of electrophoresis, we found differences in the amount of protein bands presented between normal dogs and dogs with muscular dystrophy. GRMD dogs have a wider distribution of bands with high molecular weight, which are not found in normal dogs. In addition they have a greater amount of protein with low molecular weight. While staying within the parameters established for renal injury, the dogs with dystrophy, has protein bands not seen in normal animals that maintains the integrity of the renal parenchyma.
4

Η επίδραση της παρστατίνης στη νεφρική βλάβη εξ ισχαιμίας/επαναιμάτωσης στον επίμυ

Κυριαζής, Ιάσων 20 April 2011 (has links)
Παρστατίνη ονομάζεται το πεπτίδιο 41 αμινοξέων που αποκόπτεται από το αμινοτελικό άκρο του υποδοχέα PAR-1 κατά την ενεργοποίησή του από τη θρομβίνη. Προηγούμενες πειραματικές μελέτες κατέδειξαν ότι η Παρστατίνη δρα ώς καρδιοπροστατευτικός παράγων κατά την ισχαιμία-επαναιμάτωση του μυοκαρδίου. Σκοπός της παρούσης μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης της Παρστατίνης στη νεφρική βλάβη εξ ισχαιμίας - επαναιμάτωσης. Μια πιθανή τέτοια δράση θα καθιστούσε την Παρστατίνη πολύτιμο εργαλείο σε μια σειρά κλινικών συνθηκών που σχετίζονται με το συγκεκριμένο φαινόμενο περιορισμού της νεφρικής λειτουργίας. Μέθοδος και αποτελέσματα: Σε μια πρώτη φάση του πειράματος Παρστατίνη διαφόρων συγκεντρώσεων χορηγήθηκε σε 77 αρσενικούς επίμυες οι οποίοι υποβλήθηκαν σε χειρουργικά επαγόμενη νεφρική ισχαιμία 45 λεπτών και μετέπειτα 4ωρη επαναιμάτωση. Στο τέλος της περιόδου αυτής τα πειραματόζωα θανατώθηκαν και δείγματα αίματος, ούρων και νεφρών ελήφθησαν προς ανάλυση. Η Παρστατίνη βρέθηκε να παρουσιάζει στατιστικά σημαντική νεφροπροστατευτική δράση έναντι του σχετικού μάρτυρα, όπως αυτή καταδείχτηκε από τον περιορισμό της αύξησης της κρεατινίνης πλάσματος, του κλάσματος “franctional excretion of Na (FENa)” και των ιστολογικών βλαβών στο νεφρικό παρέγχυμα. Δεδομένης της αποτελεσματικότητας της Παρστατίνης στην πρώιμη φάση της μελέτης, ένα πεπτιδικό παράγωγο 26 αμινοξέων της Παρστατίνης (η ακολουθία των αμινοξέων της Παρστατίνης από τη θέση 1 έως και 26 - Π1-26) μελετήθηκε στο ίδιο πειραματικό μοντέλο σε 29 αρρουραίους, με σκοπό να καταδειχθεί αν το μικρότερο αυτό μόριο διατηρούσε τη δράση του μητρικού μορίου και ταυτόχρονα εμφάνιζε βελτιωμένη αποτελεσματικότητα. Στη δεύτερη φάση, το Π1-26 αναδείχτηκε εξίσου ισχυρός νεφροπροστατευτικός παράγων με το μητρικό μόριο. Συμπεράσματα: Η Παρστατίνη καθώς και το μόριο Π1-26 δρουν ως νεφροπροστατευτικοί παράγοντες κατά την ισχαιμία-επαναιμάτωση του νεφρού του αρουραίου. Μελέτες σε άλλα πειραματικά είδη καθώς και σε διαφορετικά μοντέλα νεφρικής ισχαιμίας κρίνονται σκόπιμες προκειμένου να επιβεβαιώσουν τα πολλά υποσχόμενα αποτελέσματα της παρούσης μελέτης. Τα συγκεκριμένα αποτελέσματα έρχονται να προστεθούν στην προσφάτως αναγνωρισμένη καρδιοπροστατευτική δράση της Παρστατίνης. Αναδεικνύεται επομένως πως η νεφροπροστατευτική και καρδιοπροστατευτική ιδιότητα του μορίου αυτού πιθανώς να μην είναι ειδική για τα όργανα που έχουν μελετηθεί, αλλά η Παρστατίνη να δρα ενάντια στο φαινόμενο της βλάβης εξ’ ισχαιμίας επαναιμάτωσης εν γένει, ανεξάρτητα από τον ιστό στον οποίο αυτό συμβαίνει. Επέκταση της μελέτης και σε άλλους ιστούς κρίνεται αναγκαία. / Parstatin, is a 41 amino acid peptide that is cleaved from the proteinase-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) during its activation by thrombin. Previous studies have demonstrated that parstatin as well as its hydrophobic N-terminal part (parstatin 1-26) demonstrate cardioprotective properties in in-vivo and in vitro experimental models of cardiovascular ischemia reperfusion injury. In this study we examine whether parstatin as well as parstatin1-26 attenuates renal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) in a rat model. Methods In total 106 male Wistar rats were used for the purposes of this study. RIRI model included 45 minutes of bilateral renal ischemia, though clamping of both renal pedicles, followed by 4 hours of reperfusion. The effects of Parstatin on RIRI were initially examined in 77 animals divided into 8 groups including sham (vehicle/no ischemia), sham/parstatin (parstatin/no ischemia), control (vehicle pretreatment/ischemia), parstatin 3-100μg/Kg (pretreatment with 3, 10, 30 or 100μg/Kg parstatin/ischemia), scramble (pretreatment with a non-parstatin 41 aminoacid peptide/ischemia) and after (ischemia/administration of 30μg/Kg parstatin after ischemia). The effects of parstatin 1-26 were then examined in 29 animals divided into 5 groups, including control (veicle/ischemia), parstatin1-26 1-100 μg/Kg (pretreatment with 1, 10 or 100μg/Kg parstatin1-26/ischemia) and after (ischemia/administration of 10μg/Kg parstatin1-26 after ischemia). At the end of reperfusion period all animals were sacrificed and their kidneys, urine and blood samples were taken for histological and biochemical examination. Studied parameters were serum creatinine and BUN levels, Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) and histological evaluation of renal specimens. Results Administration of 10 or 30μg/Kg of parstatin before or 30μg/Kg after renal ischemia attenuated RIRI. Dose response study revealed that at the higher examined dose (100μg/Kg parstatin effects were reversed. Pretreatment with 10μg/Kg of parstatin1-26 attenuated RIRI as well. Nevertheless, parstatin1-26 failed to induce statistically significant nephroprotection when administered after ischemia. Conclusions Parstatin as well its hydrophobic N-terminal segment, parstatin1-26, can preserve renal function and histological status in RIRI. The later reveals a potential role of this molecule in clinical entities related to the phenomenon of RIRI such as partial nephrectomy.
5

Impacto do nível sérico da vancomicina no prognóstico de pacientes sépticos admitidos em unidade de terapia intensiva / "Impact of serum vancomycin level on the prognosis of septic patients admitted to an intensive care unit"

Eid, Karina, Zanchetta Cardoso 23 February 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Karina Zanchetta Cardoso Eid null (karinaeid27@gmail.com) on 2018-03-12T12:08:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação finalizada_16_01_18pdf.pdf: 1505084 bytes, checksum: 7fbbc82455380769b18a3d394e3a687b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Pizzani null (luciana@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-03-13T14:49:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 eid_kzc_me_bot.pdf: 1505084 bytes, checksum: 7fbbc82455380769b18a3d394e3a687b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-13T14:49:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 eid_kzc_me_bot.pdf: 1505084 bytes, checksum: 7fbbc82455380769b18a3d394e3a687b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / A vancomicina é um antiobiótico chave no tratamento de infecções graves por germes gram positivos multirresistentes e deve ser administrada com segurança, buscando minimizar o risco de nefrotoxicidade e garantir a sua eficácia. Entretanto, são escassos os estudos que avaliaram a monitorização de seu nível plasmático e sua associação com desfechos clínicos, como desenvolvimento de lesão renal aguda (LRA) e óbito. OBJETIVO: Ao avaliar pacientes com sepse em uso de vancomicina admitidos em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a prevalência de vancocinemia em níveis adequados, subterapêuticos e tóxicos e o impacto da adequação dos níveis séricos de vancomicina sobre a LRA e mortalidade precoce. METODOLOGIA: Estudo prospectivo observacional do tipo coorte de pacientes em uso de vancomicina admitidos em duas UTIs do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu de 01 de agosto de 2016 a 31 de julho de 2017 de modo diário e ininterrupto. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 189 pacientes, dos quais foram incluídos 63. Os principais motivos de admissão na UTI foram afecções pulmonares (52,4%) e pós-operatório (15,9%). LRA foi diagnosticada em 44,4% dos pacientes, sendo que a maioria foi classificada como LRA KDIGO III (46,4%). Os pacientes que desenvolveram LRA apresentaram, comparativamente àqueles sem LRA, maiores valores de creatinina basal, maior uso de diurético e de droga vasoativa e maior porcentagem de nível sérico tóxico. A regressão logística mostrou que o maior nível de vancocinemia entre os 2° e 4° dias foi preditor de LRA, antecedendo seu diagnóstico em pelo menos 48 horas (OR= 1,139, IC: 1,027-1,264, p = 0,01). A taxa de óbito foi de 46% e as variáveis idades, número de ajustes, níveis subterapêuticos e maiores níveis de vancocinemia entre os 2° e 4° dias de tratamento foram identificados como fatores de risco para óbito. CONCLUSÃO: Tanto os níveis subterapêuticos como os tóxicos de vancocinemia estão associados com os desfechos desfavoráveis LRA e óbito. / Vancomycin is a key antiobiotic in the treatment of severe infections caused by multiresistant gram-positive germs and should be administered safely in order to minimize the risk for nephrotoxicity and ensure its efficacy. However, there are few studies evaluating the monitoring of its plasma level and its association with clinical outcomes, such as the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and death. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of vancocinemia at appropriate levels, subtherapeutic and toxic levels, and the impact of the adequacy of vancomycin levels on the AKI and early mortality. METHODS: Prospective observational cohort study of vancomycin patients admitted to two intensive care units of the Clinical Hospital of Botucatu Medical School from August 1, 2016 to July 31, 2017 in a daily and uninterrupted manner. RESULTS: A total of 189 patients were evaluated and 63 were included. The main reasons for admission to the ICU were pulmonary (52.4%) and postoperative (15.9%) conditions. AKI was diagnosed in 44.4% of the patients, most of them were classified as AKI KDIGO III (46.4%). Patients who developed AKI showed higher values of baseline creatinine, greater use of diuretics and vasoactive drugs, and a higher percentage of toxic serum levels compared to those without AKI. Logistic regression showed that the highest level of vancocinemia between the 2nd and 4th days was predictor of AKI, preceding its diagnosis in at least 48 hours (OR= 1,139, IC: 1,027-1,264, p = 0,01). The death rate was 46% and the variables age, number of adjustments, subtherapeutic levels and higher levels of vancocinemia between the 2nd and 4th days of treatment were identified as risk factors for death. CONCLUSION: Both subtherapeutic and toxic levels of vancocinemia are associated with the unfavorable outcomes AKI and death.
6

Estudo da proteína urinária em cães Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD), através da eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida, indício de lesão renal precoce? / Electrophoresis of urinary protein evaluation in GRMD dogs, an early renal lesion?

Angélica Oliveira de Almeida 17 December 2009 (has links)
A Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) é uma doença genética recessiva e hereditária, ligada ao cromossomo X, caracterizada pela ausência ou insuficiência da proteína distrofina no sarcolema das fibras musculares. É uma doença muscular progressiva, que afeta um em cada 3.500 meninos. Atualmente, os cães da raça Golden Retriever, portadores da distrofia muscular do Golden Retriever (GRMD), que exibem mudanças musculares, patogenia, bem como o fenótipo, comparáveis aos vistos nos casos de DMD, vêm sendo considerados o melhor modelo animal para o estudo da DMD. Nos GRMDs a fraqueza muscular inicia-se a partir do segundo mês de vida e é progressiva, portanto, a expectativa de vida destes cães é muito reduzida. Histologicamente, os músculos mostram necrose, fibrose e regeneração. As manifestações patológicas da GRMD já se iniciam na vida intra-uterina com o desenvolvimento de lesões nos músculos da língua. A hipertrofia da língua está associada com disfunção da faringe e do esôfago, o que resulta em disfagia,regurgitação e sialorréia. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar no modelo animal, utilizando cães golden retrievers normais e afetados pela distrofia muscular de duchenne, a proteína na urina e o peso molecular das proteínas urinárias, além de acompanhar a bioquímica sérica. Durante quatro meses seis cães machos com distrofia muscular e idade entre dois e seis anos tiveram amostras de urina coletadas a cada duas semanas e amostras de sangue coletadas uma vez por mês, e três cães normais foram avaliados para estabelecer uma comparação. Nas amostras sanguíneas foram realizados exames para avaliar a função renal e a urina foi usada para a mensuração de proteína, creatinina e a realização da eletroforese. Não foi encontrado indício de lesão renal nos exames realizados nas amostras de sangue e também na relação proteína:creatinina nas amostras de urina. Na análise das eletroforeses, foi encontrado diferenças na quantidade de bandas protéicas apresentadas entre os animais normais e os cães com distrofia muscular. Os cães com distrofia apresentam uma maior distribuição de bandas de alto peso molecular que não são encontradas nos cães normais, além de terem ainda uma maior quantidade de proteínas de baixo peso molecular. Apesar de se manterem dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos para lesão renal, os cães com distrofia, tem bandas protéicas que não são vistas em animais normais e que mantém a integridade do parênquima renal. / Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal childhood disease, a X-linked recessive disorder, caused by mutations of the dystrophyn gene, a protein that has a vital role in maintaining muscle structure and function. DMD is a progressive muscular disease, which affects 1:3500 born boys. At this moment, the dogs with Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy (GRMD), are the best animal model to study DMD. GRMD dog exhibits muscle changes, pathogenesis and phenotype comparable with the DMD boys. In GRMDs, the muscular weakness beginning with 60 days of life and this is progressive. Histologically, the muscles show necrosis, fibrosis, degeneration and regeneration. The pathogenesis manifests in utero with the development of lingual muscle lesions. The tongue hypertrophy is associated with pharyngeal and esophageal dysfunction, and results in dysphagia, regurgitation and drooling. The aim of this research was investigates in normal dogs and in dogs affected by the Duchene muscular dystrophy the protein in the total urinary proteins and their separation with SDS-PAGE. During four months, six male dogs between two and six years were evaluated. The blood was examined once a month and the urine twice a month, three normal dogs were examined to establish a comparison between both. In blood samples were carried out tests to evaluate renal function and urine was used for the measurement of protein, creatinine and for electrophoresis. We found no evidence of kidney damage in tests performed on blood samples and also in the protein: creatinine ratio in urine samples. In the analysis of electrophoresis, we found differences in the amount of protein bands presented between normal dogs and dogs with muscular dystrophy. GRMD dogs have a wider distribution of bands with high molecular weight, which are not found in normal dogs. In addition they have a greater amount of protein with low molecular weight. While staying within the parameters established for renal injury, the dogs with dystrophy, has protein bands not seen in normal animals that maintains the integrity of the renal parenchyma.
7

Die Effekte von PPARα auf die therapeutische Effektivität von eEOCs beim ischämisch bedingten akuten Nierenversagen von eEOC-behandelten C57BI/6N-Mäusen / The effects of PPARα on eEOC-based therapy in ischemic acute renal failure of eEOC-treated C57BI / 6N mice

Scheidmann, Roman 11 January 2017 (has links)
No description available.
8

O papel da coenzima Q-10 na injúria renal aguda induzida por contraste em ratos diabéticos / The role of coenzyme Q-10 in acute kidney injury induced by contrast in diabetic rats

Fernandes, Sheila Marques 08 December 2016 (has links)
A hiperglicemia crônica favorece a ocorrência da nefropatia induzida por contraste iodado (NIC). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) e NIC compartilham mecanismos de lesão oxidativa e indução de enzimas de proteção e adaptação celular como a coenzima Q-10 (COQ-10). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o papel da COQ-10 na função e hemodinâmica renal, perfil oxidativo e histologia renal em ratos diabéticos submetidos ao modelo de NIC. Métodos: Ratos Wistar, machos, 250 a 290 g, foram randomizados nos grupos: Citrato: animais que receberam tampão citrato 0,01M, (veículo da estreptozotocina), 0,4 ml intravenoso (i.v), 1 vez; Tween 80: animais que receberam Tween 80, 1%, (veículo da COQ-10), 0,5 ml, intraperitoneal (i.p.), 1 vez; DM: animais que receberam estreptozotocina (65 mg/kg), i.v., 1 vez, no 1º dia do protocolo; DM+CI: animais DM que no 26º dia de protocolo receberam contraste iodado (CI, 6 ml/kg), i.p., 1 vez; DM+CI+COQ-10: animais DM com pré-condicionamento com COQ-10 (10 mg/kg), 1 vez por 6 dias a partir do 22º dia de protocolo, e o tratamento com CI. O protocolo de todos os grupos teve duração de 4 semanas. Foram avaliados parâmetros fisiológicos (ingestão de ração e água, peso, glicemia, razão peso do rim e peso do animal), a função renal (clearance de inulina), a hemodinâmica renal (fluxo sanguíneo renal e resistência vascular renal), o perfil oxidativo (peróxidos, óxido nítrico e substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico na urina, tióis no tecido renal) e análise histológica renal. Resultados: Animais DM apresentaram hiperglicemia, polidipsia, poliúria, polifagia, perda de peso e aumento da relação peso rim/animal, com redução da função renal, além de redução do fluxo sanguíneo renal, elevação da resistência vascular renal, com aumento na excreção de metabólitos oxidativos e consumo de reserva antioxidante endógena. O grupo DM+CI demonstrou redução adicional na função, alterações na hemodinâmica renal e aumento nos parâmetros de estresse oxidativo. A administração de COQ-10 atenuou a redução da função renal, preveniu alterações hemodinâmicas renais e reduziu o estresse oxidativo no grupo DM+CI. As alterações histológicas no DM e DM+CI foram discretas e o tratamento com COQ-10 previniu a progressão de danos histológicos mais extensos nos animais que receberam CI. Conclusão: O tratamento com COQ-10 demonstrou efeito antioxidante na NIC em ratos diabéticos com melhora significativa da função e hemodinâmica renal. / Chronic hyperglycemia favors the occurrence of nephropathy induced by iodinated contrast (CIN). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and CIN share oxidative damage mechanisms and induction of protective and cellular adaptation enzymes as coenzyme Q-10 (CoQ-10). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of COQ-10 in renal function and hemodynamics, oxidative profile and renal histology in diabetic rats submitted to the NIC model. Methods: Wistar rats, male, weighing 250-290 g, were randomized into two groups: Citrate: animals that received citrate buffer 0.01M (streptozotocin), 0.4 ml, intravenous (i.v.), once; Tween 80: animals that received Tween 80, 1% (CoQ-10 vehicle), 0.5 ml, intraperitoneal (i.p.), once; DM: animals given streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) i.v., once on the first day of the protocol; CI+DM: DM animals, on the 26º day protocol, tretated with iodinated contrast (CI, 6 ml/kg) i.p., once; DM+CI+COQ-10: DM animals preconditioned with COQ-10 (10 mg/kg), once a day, for 6 days from the 22º day and treated with CI. The protocol for all groups lasted 4 weeks. Physiological parameters evaluated were (food and water intake, corporal weight, blood glucose and right kidney weight), renal function (inulin clearance), renal hemodynamics (renal blood flow and renal vascular resistance), the oxidative profile (peroxides, nitric oxide and reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid in urine, thiols in renal tissue) and renal histological analysis. Results: DM animals showed hyperglycemia, polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss and increased weight kidney / animal relationship with reduced renal function, as well as a reduction on renal blood flow, increased renal vascular resistance and changes in oxidative profile with increased the excretion of metabolites and oxidative consumption of endogenous antioxidant reserve. DM+CI promoted further reduction in renal function, exacerbated hemodynamic changes and increase in oxidative stress parameters. COQ-10 administration preserved renal function, prevented hemodynamic changes and reduced oxidative stress in the DM + CI + COQ-10. Histological changes in DM and DM + CI were discrete and treatment with CoQ-10 prevented the progression of the histologic damage in the animals receiving CI. Conclusion: COQ-10 presented an antioxidant effect on the NIC in diabetic rats, by improving function and renal hemodynamics and reducing oxidative stress.
9

Resveratrol atenua a nefrotoxicidade do contraste na doença renal crônica / Resveratrol reduces the iodinated contrast nephrotoxicity in the chronic kidney disease

Martins, Daniel Malisani 12 December 2016 (has links)
Introdução: A nefropatia induzida por contraste iodado (NIC) é um efeito adverso comum em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC). Caracteriza-se por uma síndrome de doença renal crônica agudizada. Resultado da vasoconstrição renal, hipóxia, ativação da cascata inflamatória, lesão celular oxidativa, a NIC deteriora a função renal, aumenta os dias de hospitalização, os custos hospitalares e a mortalidade do paciente portador de DRC. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito renoprotetor do resveratrol, um polifenol com propriedades vasodilatadoras e anti-inflamatórias em ratos com doença renal crônica que receberam contraste iodado. Métodos: Ratos Wistar, machos, adultos randomizados em quatro grupos: SHAM: controle do modelo de doença renal crônica; Nx: ratos com nefrectomia 5/6 (modelo experimental de DRC); Nx+C: ratos Nx que receberam 6 ml/Kg de contraste iodado; Nx+C+R: animais Nx que foram pré-medicados com resveratrol 25 mg/Kg e 6 ml/Kg de contraste iodado. Foram avaliadas a função (clearance de inulina) e hemodinâmica renal (fluxo sanguíneo renal e resistência vascular renal), estresse oxidativo (peróxidos, óxido nítrico e substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico urinário e tióis no tecido renal) e análise histológica. Resultados: O uso de contraste resultou em deterioração da função renal, redução do fluxo sanguíneo renal, aumento da resistência vascular renal, lesão oxidativa e lesão túbulo intersticial dos ratos com DRC. O uso do resveratrol resultou na manutenção da taxa de filtração glomerular, do fluxo sanguíneo e resistência vascular renal, reduziu a lesão oxidativa e a lesão túbulo intersticial após a exposição ao contraste. Conclusões: O resveratrol apresentou efeito renoprotetor, hemodinâmico e antioxidante, na NIC em ratos com doença renal crônica. / Introduction: Contrast-Induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a common adverse effect in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Result of renal vasoconstriction, hypoxia, activation of inflammatory cascade, oxidative cell damage, CI-AKI promote impaired renal function, increased length of hospitalization, hospital costs and mortality. Objective: This study evaluated the renoprotection of resveratrol, a polyphenol with vasodilating and anti-inflammatory properties in rats with chronic kidney disease receiving iodinated contrast media. Methods: Wistar, adult, male rats randomized into four groups; Sham: control of chronic renal injury model; Nx: rats with 5/6 nefrectomy (experimental model of CKD); Nx+IC: Nx rats that received 6 ml/kg of iodinated contrast; Nx+IC+R: Nx rats that received 6 ml/kg of iodinated contrast and resveratrol 25 mg/Kg. Renal function (inulin clearance), renal hemodynamics (renal blood flow and renal vascular resistance), oxidative profile (peroxides, urinary nitric oxide, reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid in urine, thiols in renal tissue) and histological analysis were evaluated. Results: Iodinated contrast led to impaired renal function, reduced renal blood flow, intensified renal vascular resistance, and promoted oxidative and tubular injury in CKD rats. Resveratrol maintained glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow and vascular resistance, reduced oxidative and tubular injury after contrast exposition. Conclusion: Resveratrol showed a renoprotective effect, with antioxidant and hemodynamics impact, on CI-AKI in rats with CKD.
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Estudo de respostas fibróticas e apoptóticas em rins de ratos tratados com aldosterona / Study of fibrotic and apoptotic responses in rat kidney after aldosterone treatment

Ferreira, Paula Irusta 16 December 2016 (has links)
Procurando compreender o envolvimento da aldosterona (Aldo) na injúria renal, o objetivo deste projeto foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento crônico com Aldo sobre a função renal e a histologia das arteríolas renais, procurando correlacionar os achados com a expressão de genes reguladores do processo de fibrose e apoptose. A Aldo não alterou os parâmetros fisiológicos, PA, ritmo de filtração glomerular (estimado pela depuração plasmática de creatinina), proteinúria e a morfologia das arteríolas corticais. No entanto, aumentou a expressão do RNAm para TGF-β1, PAI-1 e BAX no tecido renal, além da contagem de células TUNEL positivas nos glomérulos. O antagonismo ao receptor MR (pelo uso da espironolactona) aboliu o efeito hormonal somente sobre a expressão do RNAm para BAX e a marcação do DNA degradado (TUNEL), enquanto que o antagonismo ao GR (pelo uso do RU 486) reduziu ou aboliu todos os efeitos da Aldo. Os resultados indicam que a Aldo pode induzir respostas precoces sobre o remodelamento do tecido renal, sem ainda comprometer a função renal ou alterar a PA. Essas respostas foram independentes da sobrecarga de sal e ocorreram por um mecanismo que envolveu os receptores MR e GR. / In order to understand the aldosterone (Aldo) involvement in renal injury, the objective of this project was to evaluate the effect of Aldo chronic treatment on renal function and renal arterioles histology, trying to correlate the findings with the regulatory genes of fibrosis and apoptosis. Aldo did not change the physiological parameters, BP, glomerular filtration rate (estimated by creatinina clearance), proteinuria and cortical arterioles morphology. However, Aldo increased mRNA expression for TGF-β1, PAI-1 and BAX in renal tissue, as well as TUNEL-positive cell count in glomeruli. MR receptor antagonism (by spironolactone) abolished only the hormonal effect on the mRNA expression for BAX and degraded DNA labeling (TUNEL); whereas GR antagonism (by RU 486) reduced or abolished all Aldo effects. The results indicated that Aldo can induce early responses on renal tissue remodeling, without altering renal function or BP. These responses were salt independent and involved MR and GR receptors.

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