Revised; Originally Published: 1983 / 2 pp. / An ideal hedge for screening patio areas should have dense foliage from the base to the very top of the plants. In order to develop a hedge with these qualities, the gardener should prune the plants in such a manner as to encourage the plants to develop branches and leaves at the lower portion at the time of planting and until the desired height is reached. The procedures for pruning shrubs are simple, but in many instances the basic principles are overlooked or not put into practice simply because the gardener does not want to sacrifice the growth of the plants before they reach the desired height.

Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-125)

Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-167)

The focus of this dissertation is on existing housing areas: in industrialised western countries, in 2005, the number of existing buildings that are taken care of, maintained, repaired, renovated or restructured for other functions is higher than the number of buildings that are (new) built. This is a review dissertation, based on empirical material and further reflections from previous research projects dealing with Swedish housing renovation: private-owned old single-family housing areas and large housing areas from the 1950s, 60s and 70s, mainly owned by housing companies. The concepts of careful renovation, environmentally-friendly renovation and sustainable renovation are analysed as different approaches to housing renovation. The aim is to present an interpretation of sustainable renovation that includes the goals both of careful renovation and of environmentally-friendly renovation as necessary components of sustainable development. This dissertation identifies and analyses the main issues that may be faced during renovation and that have a relevant impact on the environment, the architecture or the inhabitants, and describes the renovation actions that have been used in the studied projects. It concludes with reflections about positive results, incongruities and challenges that may be found in projects of sustainable renovation. / QC 20100928

0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

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The thesis is an outcome of a collaborative work between the author and the renovation team of Modexa AB on project of housing renovation of Tyresö municipality ( Ekbacken ). During this thesis we tried to analyse the ongoing process of renovation in Stockholm and try to provide a solution which helps to improve the data gathering and analysis by production of the BIM model. Further studies to provide further details about the possible outcomes of the BIM model and integration with other software for energy studies, project management and building management had been done.

Significant investments are being made in the construction sector in order to raise the quality of the buildings and make them more sustainable and energy-efficient. The key aspect of these investments should be the purposeful optimization of the possible renovation and construction measures. However, this important matter usually is being pushed aside in favor of construction price and/or quality. Nevertheless, there are plenty of criteria that play a major role in building sustainable development. The main purpose of this study is to present a tool that combines multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods and building certification systems in order to make weighted decisions in complicated construction tasks. For this, a decision making model was developed with a focus on sustainability, buildings’ life cycle, MCDM methods, and building certification. The first section of this thesis, the introduction, discusses the importance of the investigated area, and the main objectives, tasks, and structure of the thesis. A literature review is presented in Section 2 – Theory. The main works in the area of sustainability, LCA, building certification, and MCDM are collected to show their role and importance and how they interact in the construction industry. Section 3 presents and discusses the main ideas and instructions of the proposed decision making model. Section 4 (Methodology) introduces the main existing and proposed techniques that I have used to implement the study. Sections 5 and 6 are the case studies, which demonstrate how the proposed methods can be used in practice. Final conclusions and recommendations are presented in Section 7. / <p>QC 20170209</p> / Funded by L.E. Lundberg foundation

The master's design studio project is a semester-long design course focusing on the methodologies and feasibilities to update the old city gates, walls and moats in Beijing with hybridized infrastructure as catalyst to its surrounding area's urbanrenovation process. With more and more emphasis on the re-construction of the old city-structure in Beijing (city gates, city walls and Moats dated from Ming Dynasty), its future urban design practice has become a critical topic. Study takes Beijing Anding City Gate & Desheng City gate area, together with part of the moat and city walls area linking those two gates as research object. / text

No description available.