Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-22T15:34:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MeliseCarinaDuarteDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 4982538 bytes, checksum: 7e42f255bc7d008f276d0c784126c575 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-27T22:49:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MeliseCarinaDuarteDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 4982538 bytes, checksum: 7e42f255bc7d008f276d0c784126c575 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T22:49:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MeliseCarinaDuarteDeAlmeida_DISSERT.pdf: 4982538 bytes, checksum: 7e42f255bc7d008f276d0c784126c575 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-27 / A ind?stria ceramista gera res?duos em v?rias etapas de seu processo, por produtos defeituosos, res?duos da queima de combust?veis s?lidos, entre outros. Esses res?duos s?o despejados em aterros, lix?es ou diretamente nas vias, o que causa um impacto ambiental negativo. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo para incorporar os res?duos de cinza de lenha da algaroba e chamote (pe?as de refugo de cer?micas j? sinterizadas), nas massas cer?micas para confec??o de Blocos de Veda??o. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos consistem na caracteriza??o qu?mica e mineral?gica dos res?duos e das mat?rias-primas, e caracteriza??o f?sico-mec?nica das formula??es das misturas com argila, silte e res?duos. Foram produzidos corpos de prova por prensagem, com varia??es de composi??es no intervalo de 0%, 5%, 10% e 15% em massa de res?duo. A sinteriza??o foi realizada em forno tipo mufla, com patamares nas temperaturas de 850 ?C, 900 ?C, 950 ?C, 1000 ?C e 1050 ?C. As propriedades f?sico-mec?nicas avaliadas foram: Absor??o de ?gua, Retra??o Linear de Queima, Porosidade Aparente, Massa Espec?fica Aparente e Resist?ncia Mec?nica ? Flex?o. Foi realizada an?lise por Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura nas superf?cies de fratura dos corpos de prova. Foram avaliadas as propriedades de Retra??o Linear de Secagem e Queima, Absor??o de ?gua e Resist?ncia Mec?nica ? Compress?o dos Blocos de Veda??o com 5% de res?duo de cinza da lenha de algaroba, sinterizados no patamar de temperatura de 900 ?C. Como resultados principais, concluiu-se sobre a viabilidade em se utilizar os res?duos de cinza da lenha de algaroba para conferir propriedades refrat?rias ao produto cer?mico. J? o res?duo de chamote, por ser derivado do pr?prio produto cer?mico, n?o interferiu nas propriedades finais. Os estudos comprovaram que a incorpora??o desses res?duos seria uma alternativa tecnol?gica para reduzir o impacto ambiental causado pelo setor industrial. / The ceramics industry generates waste at various stages of that process, defective products, waste from burning solid fuels, among others. This waste is dumped in landfills, garbage dumps or directly on roads, which has a negative environmental impact. This paper presents a study to incorporate the waste of algaroba wood and chamote (scrap pieces of ceramic already sintered), in to the ceramic material for making sealing blocks. The methodological procedures consist in the characterization of chemical and mineralogical residues, raw materials, and physical-mechanical of the formulations of mixes with clay, silt and waste. By pressing test pieces were produced using a pressure of 200 kgf/cm?, varying compositions in the range of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of residue. The sintering was performed in a muffle furnace, with the temperature levels of 850 ? C, 900 ? C, 950 ? C, 1000 ? C and 1050 ? C. The evaluated physical and mechanical properties were: Water Absorption, Linear Shrinkage Burning, Apparent Porosity, Apparent Density and Mechanical Resistance to Flexion. Analysis was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy on fracture surfaces of the specimens. Evaluation of linear shrinkage property drying and firing , water absorption and mechanical resistance to compression of the sealing blocks 5% wood ash residue, sintered at 900 ?C hold temperature in the laboratory the products manufactured on an industrial scale. The main results, it was found on the viability of using the residues of algaroba wood and to confer refractory properties of the ceramic product. The main results, it was concluded feasibility of using the ash residues algaroba wood to impart refractory properties to the ceramic product and the residue of chamote, being derived from the own ceramic product not interfere with the properties, when used in a percentage of up to 5%.Since the residue of chamote being derived from the ceramic product itself had no effect on the properties. Studies in the laboratory have shown that the incorporation of up to 5% of these residues may be adopted as an alternative technology to reduce the environmental impact caused by the industrial sector, without compromising the final properties of the material, since the results on an industrial scale showed absorption values 11.66 and 11.74 of water and waste products respectively, within the parameters of NBR - 15,270, since the mechanical strength was 1.25 MPa and 0.94 MPa respectively for products with and without residue, lower than the minimum required by the technical standard that is 1.5 MPa.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristinaSB_DISSERT.pdf: 8141257 bytes, checksum: 871cd95d3a846703a2c9ec0b91319298 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-20 / This dissertation conducted in the years 2011 and 2012, an analysis of cooperatives waste pickers in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, aiming to identify improvements to be implemented to assist the management of waste from the municipality as well as to improve the living conditions of the workers who perform the selective collection, the environmental perspective. This analysis was performed by means of an investigation of the reality in which they live cooperatives and their local representation, using also the law. The research is characterized as a case study of an applied nature, documentary, consultations with the institutions related to the issue of solid waste in the national and local levels; exploratory and descriptive, the main methodological tools technical visits and structured interviews. From these methods was possible to obtain data regarding the organization of cooperatives, environmental perception of the collector of recyclable materials, among other issues. For the analysis of data matrices were used to include comments and method GUT, from which it was possible to identify numerous difficulties faced by recycling cooperatives, and develop proposals for possible improvements in various aspects of their operation, such as infrastructure and production process , which can improve both the waste management and the quality of life of workers involved in the selective collection system city / A presente disserta??o realizou, nos anos de 2011 e 2012, uma an?lise das cooperativas de catadores de materiais recicl?veis da cidade de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como objetivo identificar melhorias a serem implementadas para auxiliar o gerenciamento dos res?duos do munic?pio, bem como para a melhoria das condi??es de vida dos trabalhadores que realizam a coleta seletiva, na perspectiva socioambiental. Tal an?lise realizou-se por meio de uma investiga??o da realidade na qual vivem as cooperativas e de sua representatividade local, utilizando-se tamb?m da legisla??o vigente. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso de natureza aplicada; documental, com consultas ?s institui??es relacionadas ? quest?o dos res?duos s?lidos nos cen?rio nacional e local; explorat?ria e descritiva, tendo como principais instrumentos metodol?gicos visitas t?cnicas e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A partir dos referidos m?todos foi poss?vel obter dados referentes ? organiza??o das cooperativas, percep??o ambiental do catador de materiais recicl?veis, entre outras quest?es. Para a an?lise dos dados foram utilizadas matrizes de inclus?o de coment?rios e o m?todo GUT, a partir dos quais foi poss?vel identificar in?meras dificuldades enfrentadas pelas cooperativas de catadores, al?m de elaborar propostas de poss?veis melhorias em diversos aspectos de seu funcionamento, como infraestrutura e processo produtivo, as quais possam aprimorar tanto a gest?o dos res?duos, quanto a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores envolvidos no sistema de coleta seletiva municipal

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EylissonAS.pdf: 1489335 bytes, checksum: 8fcffdaaafca0f8691545bd2bc5dd5fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / With the current growth in consumption of industrialized products and the resulting increase in garbage production, their adequate disposal has become one of the greatest challenges of modern society. The use of industrial solid residues as fillers in composite materials is an idea that emerges aiming at investigating alternatives for reusing these residues, and, at the same time, developing materials with superior properties. In this work, the influence of the addition of sand, diatomite, and industrial residues of polyester and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), on the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites, was studied. The main objective was to evaluate the mechanical properties of the materials with the addition of recycled residue fillers, and compare to those of the pure polyester resin. Composite specimens were fabricated and tested for the evaluation of the flexural properties and Charpy impact resistance. After the mechanical tests, the fracture surface of the specimens was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that some of the composites with fillers presented greater Young s modulus than the pure resin; in particular composites made with sand and diatomite, where the increase in modulus was about 168 %. The composites with polyester and EVA presented Young s modulus lower than the resin. Both strength and maximum strain were reduced when fillers were added. The impact resistance was reduced in all composites with fillers when compared to the pure resin, with the exception of the composites with EVA, where an increase of about 6 % was observed. Based on the mechanical tests, microscopy analyses and the compatibility of fillers with the polyester resin, the use of industrial solid residues in composites may be viable, considering that for each type of filler there will be a specific application / Com o crescimento acelerado do consumo de produtos industrializados, principalmente de produtos descart?veis, o aumento excessivo de lixo e sua disposi??o em lugares inadequados tornaramse um dos grandes problemas da sociedade moderna. A utiliza??o de res?duos s?lidos industriais como carga em comp?sitos ? uma id?ia que surge com o intuito de buscar alternativas adequadas para o reaproveitamento desses res?duos, visando tamb?m o desenvolvimento de materiais com propriedades superiores ?quelas dos materiais convencionais. Neste trabalho, estudouse a influ?ncia da adi??o de res?duos industriais de poli?ster e EVA (Etileno Acetato de Vinila), al?m de cargas de areia e diatomita, nas propriedades mec?nicas de comp?sitos de matriz poli?ster. O principal objetivo foi avaliar o comportamento mec?nico desses materiais com a adi??o de cargas de res?duo industrial, comparandoos com as propriedades da resina pura. Corposdeprova foram confeccionados e as propriedades mec?nicas dos comp?sitos obtidos foram analisadas, atrav?s de testes de flex?o e de impacto. Ap?s os ensaios mec?nicos, a superf?cie de fratura dos corposdeprova foi analisada por microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV). Os resultados dos ensaios de flex?o mostraram que alguns comp?sitos apresentaram maior m?dulo, quando comparados com os resultados da resina pura; com destaque para os confeccionados com areia e diatomita, em que o aumento do m?dulo chegou a 168 %. Os comp?sitos confeccionados com adi??o de poli?ster e de EVA apresentaram m?dulo mais baixo que o da resina pura. Tanto o limite de resist?ncia quanto ? deforma??o m?xima, apresentaram redu??o nos seus valores, quando da adi??o de cargas. A resist?ncia ao impacto, em rela??o ? resina pura, foi reduzida em todos os comp?sitos com adi??o de cargas, exceto nos comp?sitos com a adi??o de EVA, onde houve um aumento de aproximadamente 6 %. Com base nos ensaios mec?nicos realizados, nas an?lises microsc?picas e na compatibilidade das cargas com a resina poli?ster, a utiliza??o das cargas de res?duos s?lidos industriais em comp?sitos mostrouse vi?vel, considerando que para cada tipo de carga haver? uma aplica??o espec?fica

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-27T12:30:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioAnselmoSilvaDeLima_TESE.pdf: 5034235 bytes, checksum: 5889588654d8773f78e4f287028fd71b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-30T14:46:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioAnselmoSilvaDeLima_TESE.pdf: 5034235 bytes, checksum: 5889588654d8773f78e4f287028fd71b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-30T14:46:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FlavioAnselmoSilvaDeLima_TESE.pdf: 5034235 bytes, checksum: 5889588654d8773f78e4f287028fd71b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-17 / A utiliza??o de materiais comp?sitos na constru??o civil tem sido linha de pesquisa nos maiores centros de pesquisas do Brasil e do mundo. Um dos fatores que justifica essa busca ? o d?ficit habitacional dos pa?ses subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. No Brasil esse d?ficit alcan?a mais de 5,4 milh?es de moradias, em torno de 12% dos domic?lios do pa?s. Esse trabalho apresenta um comp?sito que foi obtido a partir de materiais convencionalmente utilizados, cimento, gesso e areia; res?duos industriais gerados, o EPS, raspa de pneu e ?gua O ineditismo do trabalho est? no estudo de caracteriza??o combinada, t?rmica e mec?nica do comp?sito obtido. Estudou-se tamb?m a influ?ncia de tr?s tipos de recheio, colocados nos blocos (79cm X 28cm X 10cm) fabricados com o material comp?sito destinado ? edifica??o de resid?ncias populares. Foram estudadas quatro formula??es para o estudo combinado, determinando-se a mais vi?vel. Ser?o apresentados os processos de fabrica??o e montagem dos blocos produzidos para a constru??o de resid?ncias populares. Determinou-se o tipo de recheio, placas de EPS recicladas, latas de cervejas e refrigerantes reutilizadas e garrafas PETs de ?gua mineral de 500ml. Foi tamb?m realizado um estudo preliminar de conforto t?rmico com blocos fabricados com os recheios utilizados em um espa?o edificado em uma Escola P?blica de Natal, denominado Espa?o Ci?ncia. A resist?ncia mec?nica do comp?sito para todas as formula??es est? classificada como alvenaria de veda??o, abaixo 3,0 MPa. A resist?ncia t?rmica dos blocos foi comprovada pela diferen?a de temperatura m?xima entre as paredes interna e externa do c?modo edificado em torno 8,0 ?C e condutividade t?rmica praticamente igual a do tijolo de oito furos e inferior a dos blocos de concreto e tijolos maci?os, o que demonstrou a viabilidade de utiliza??o dos blocos produzidos para o fim proposto. Outras caracter?sticas importantes dos blocos produzidos ? o seu bom acabamento, n?o necessitando de reboco, o que diminui o custo de m?o de obra em um processo construtivo e o seu r?pido tempo de cura, pela utiliza??o do gesso. A formula??o mais vi?vel para o estudo combinado, t?rmico e mec?nico foi 1,0 C + 1,0 G + 1,0 EPS + 1,0 RP. Para a fabrica??o de blocos essa formula??o seria a mais vi?vel com e com recheio de placas de EPS. / The use of composite materials in construction has been a line of research quite investigated in Brazil and worldwide. One of the factors justifying this search is the housing deficit of underdeveloped and developing countries. In Brazil this deficit reaches more than 5.4 million homes, approximately 12% of all country households according to IBGE 2012. To contribute to the reduction of this housing deficit presents the study of four formulations of a composite that was obtained from materials conventionally used in construction (cement, gypsum and sand), together with residue of own construction (Styrofoam) tire scrapings and water in order to manufacture blocks with dimensions (79 cm x 28 cm x 10 cm) for building affordable housing using different types of fillings inside the block, such as cans, bottles of mineral water and EPS boards. Was built a room using blocks with the fillings mentioned above in a Public School Christmas and conducted temperature checks on these blocks. They were also performed mechanical, thermal and physical testing to characterize the best formulation. The mechanical strength of the composite for all formulations are classified as sealing masonry below 3.0 MPa. The thermal resistance of the blocks was confirmed by the maximum temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the room built around 8.0 ? C and thermal conductivity nearly equal to the eight holes wall and bottom of the concrete blocks and solid bricks, which demonstrated the feasibility of using blocks made for the intended purpose.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-02-22T20:06:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-08T21:32:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T21:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IgorUcellaDantasDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 1809666 bytes, checksum: b32680e5684b3244bc1d041e70803d4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-11 / O consumo de frutas est? associado ao seu efeito ben?fico ? sa?de pela presen?a de fibras, vitaminas e compostos bioativos, sobretudo compostos fen?licos (CF) e vitaminas com atividade antioxidante. O Brasil possui produ??o diversificada de frutas tropicais, como a acerola, goiaba e caju, normalmente processadas formando grandes volumes de res?duos agroindustriais. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar res?duos liofilizados de acerola (RLA), goiaba (RLG) e caju (RLC) quanto aos aspectos nutricionais, tecnol?gicos e funcionais associados ao estudo do conte?do bioativo ap?s tratamento t?rmico. Os res?duos apresentaram elevado teor de fibras diet?ticas, com destaque para as insol?veis no RLG (40,6%) e sol?veis no RLA (14,2%). O RLG apresentou maior valor prot?ico (13,8%) e de lip?dios (9,2%), por?m de forma geral, todos os res?duos apresentaram valor cal?rico reduzido. Os minerais em destaque foram pot?ssio, c?lcio e magn?sio, especialmente no RLC (K: 83,5 mg/g) e o RLA (Ca:31,9 mg/g e Mg: 2,8 mg/g). Quanto aos aspectos tecnol?gicos, todos os res?duos apresentaram baixa higroscopicidade e valores promissores de reten??o de ?gua (4,4 ? 12,0 g/g) e ?leo (3,0 ? 5,4 g/g). O RLA foi o mais rico em CF totais (5331,7 mg eqAG/100g), flavonoides totais (760,9 mg eqC/100g) e atividade antioxidante (688,1 ?mol eqTrolox/g no ORAC) e o RLG apresentou mais proantocianidinas (217,8 mgEqPAC2/100g). O RLA obteve melhor perfil fen?lico com ?cido salic?lico (3503,4 mg/100g), miricetina (929,4 mg/100g) e catequina (498,2 mg/100g). Nenhum res?duo apresentou atividade antibacteriana frente aos micro-organismos Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonneie, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus e Listeria monocytogenes. O RLA apresentou-se mais sens?vel ao tratamento t?rmico, com baixa reten??o de CF totais atingindo 29% aos 150?C. Por?m a atividade antioxidante apresentou melhor reten??o em todos os res?duos e temperaturas (superiores a 70%). No caso do RLC, um aumento de at? 133% aos 150?C foi detectado, relacionando-se com a forma??o de melanoidinas em todos os res?duos (com varia??es de at? 582%). Com os dados obtidos, conclui-se que o RLA, RLG e RLC apresentam alto potencial nutricional, tecnol?gico e biotivo, inclusive para fortifica??o de outras matrizes alimentares. / The dietary consumption of fruit is linked to beneficial health effects due the presence of fiber, vitamins and bioactive compounds, especially antioxidant phenolic compounds (PC) and vitamins. Brazil has a diversified of tropical fruits production such as acerola, guava and cashew, which are usually processed and transformed into large amounts of agro-industrial pomaces. Thus, this study aimed to characterize freeze-dried acerola pomace (ACE), guava (GUA) and cashew (CAS) in regard to their nutritional, technological and functional aspects, in addition to evaluate the impact of the thermal-treatment. These residues are high in dietary fiber, especially insoluble for GUA (40.6%) and soluble for ACE (14.2%). The GUA residue has higher protein (13.8%) and lipids (9.2%), but overall, all pomaces have reduced caloric content. Minerals such as potassium, calcium and magnesium were found in CAS (K: 83.5 mg/g) and ACE (Ca: 31.9 mg/ g and Mg: 2.8 mg/g). Moreover, all dried residues had low hygroscopicity and satisfactory water (4,4 ? 12,0 g/g) and oil holding capacity (3,0 ? 5,4 g/g). ACE presented the highest phenolic content (5331.7 mg AGE/ 100g), total flavonoid (760.9 mg CE/ 100g) and antioxidant activity (688.1 ?mol TE/g in ORAC) and GUA presented higher proanthocyanidins (217.8 mg PA2/ 100g). ACE also presented outstanding phenolic profile, and salicylic acid (3503.4 mg/ 100g), myricetin (929.4mg / 100g) and catechin (498.2 mg/ 100g) were identified. No antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella sonneie, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus e Listeria monocytogenes was detected. Severe reduction of total phenolic content was observed for ACE sample, reaching 29% at 150 ?C. However, higher antioxidant activity retention (above 70 %) was observed to all pomaces and temperatures. Interestingly, an increased TPC of up to 133% at 150 ?C was detected, which may be related to the formation of melanoidins in all pomaces (with variations up to 582%). Based on these results, we conclude that freeze dried pomaces have high nutritional, technological and bioactive potential, and might be used as phytochemical-rich ingredients to different food matrices.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-20T20:04:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuanCarvalhoSantanaDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 2245545 bytes, checksum: 12d2d7b903a4e317e9d386eb57ca0374 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-22T20:17:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuanCarvalhoSantanaDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 2245545 bytes, checksum: 12d2d7b903a4e317e9d386eb57ca0374 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T20:17:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuanCarvalhoSantanaDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 2245545 bytes, checksum: 12d2d7b903a4e317e9d386eb57ca0374 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A utiliza??o de res?duos industriais est? em evid?ncia na atualidade, principalmente em fun??o da quest?o ambiental. Nos ?ltimos anos in?meros comp?sitos foram obtidos e estudados, com a utiliza??o de res?duos e fibras vegetais, desmistificando o conceito de que um material s? pode ser chamado de comp?sito se a carga for de refor?o. Obteve e estudou-se um comp?sito de matriz de resina poli?ster (ortoft?lica e tereft?lica) e carga de enchimento de raspa de madeira produzida em marcenarias. Foram estudados os processos de obten??o dos comp?sitos e a caracteriza??o de propriedades mec?nicas, t?rmicas e f?sicas nas amostras dos comp?sitos com fra??o m?ssica de 10, 20 e 30%, para tr?s diferentes granulometrias, totalizando seis formula??es para porcentagens. Por?m, foi escolhida a formula??o com 20%, pois com essa porcentagem j? tinha atingido a satura??o da mistura. Os ensaios realizados foram de tra??o, flex?o, t?rmico, absor??o de ?gua, densidade, biodegrada??o, degrada??o ambiental e MEV. Os comp?sitos obtidos, em todas as formula??es estudadas, apresentaram resist?ncia mec?nica inferior a da matriz, por?m n?o inviabilizou sua utiliza??o para aplica??es onde n?o s?o requeridos significativos esfor?os. Em termos de resist?ncia t?rmica o comp?sito proposto foi competitivo com a resina matriz, tendo comportamento um pouco inferior. Como esperado os comp?sitos apresentaram maiores ?ndices de absor??o de ?gua quando comparados ?s matrizes polim?ricas. A densidade aparente dos comp?sitos n?o apresentou varia??o significativa em rela??o ?s matrizes utilizadas. Demonstrou-se, portanto, que os res?duos agregados ? resina t?m a fun??o de carga de enchimento. O comp?sito foi utilizado para a fabrica??o de tampos de bancos, demonstrando-se sua viabilidade de aplica??o na fabrica??o de estruturas apara baixas solicita??es mec?nicas. / The use of industrial waste is nowadays evident, especially in the environmental issue. In recent years, the results have been obtained with the use of waste and vegetable fibers, the dismemberment of the concept of a material can be called composite. A polyester resin composite (orthophthalic and terephthalic) composite and filler of wood produced in woodworking was obtained and studied. The processes of obtaining composites and a characterization of mechanical, thermal and physical properties in composite samples with a more specific fraction of 10, 20 and 30% were studied for three different granulometries, totaling six formulations for percentages. However, a formulation with 20% was chosen, because with that percentage already had a saturation of the mixture. The tests carried out for tensile, flexural, thermal, water absorption, density, biodegradation, environmental degradation and MEV tests. The composites obtained in all the studied formulations had lower mechanical resistance than the matrix, however it did not make it impossible to use them in applications where no significant efforts are required. In terms of thermal resistance or composite proposed to competitive with a resin matrix, having somewhat lower behavior. As expected the composites presented higher water absorption indices when compared to the polymer matrices. The apparent density of the composites does not present significant variation in relation to the used dimensions. It has been demonstrated, therefore, that the residues aggregated to the resin have a filling charge function. The composite was used for the manufacture of seat tops, demonstrating its feasibility of application in the fabrication of structures for low mechanical stresses.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-20T23:06:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoDasChagasDaCostaFilho_DISSERT.pdf: 6168357 bytes, checksum: c578fb868ea385c90fbc6817fbe806b9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-24T21:28:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoDasChagasDaCostaFilho_DISSERT.pdf: 6168357 bytes, checksum: c578fb868ea385c90fbc6817fbe806b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T21:28:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoDasChagasDaCostaFilho_DISSERT.pdf: 6168357 bytes, checksum: c578fb868ea385c90fbc6817fbe806b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-03 / A produ??o mineral brasileira ? uma atividade de suma import?ncia para a economia do pa?s, visto que al?m de contribuir para o produto interno bruto - PIB, ? respons?vel pela gera??o de muitos empregos diretos e indiretos. Neste cen?rio, a minera??o Tomaz Salustino S/A (Mina Breju?) ? uma grande representante nordestina deste setor. Dados de 2012 demonstram que a produ??o da Mina Breju? era em torno de 20 toneladas mensais (MACHADO 2012), representando mais de 300 empregos gerados, al?m do desenvolvimento do munic?pio de Currais Novos, onde a empresa est? situada. Entretanto, devido ao beneficiamento do min?rio (scheelita), desde 1943, foram geradas toneladas de res?duos, e, atualmente, estima-se que no entorno da minera??o existe cerca de 7 milh?es de toneladas (4,5 milh?es de fra??o grossa e 2,5 milh?es de fra??o fina), dispostos em pilhas e bacias de res?duos, gerando diversos impactos ambientais, como a modifica??o da paisagem local. Em vista deste grande estoque de res?duo, aliado a necessidade de extra??o de mat?ria prima natural para compor as camadas usuais de um pavimento, o presente estudo avaliou a viabilidade t?cnica dos res?duos provenientes da Mina Breju? na composi??o de concretos asf?lticos, em substitui??o ao agregado mi?do natural, pela fra??o grossa do res?duo, e, do f?ler convencional, pela fra??o fina do res?duo. Para isto, realizaram-se ensaios de caracteriza??o f?sica, qu?mica e mineral?gica das fra??es do res?duo e dos agregados naturais utilizados na pesquisa, al?m de dosagens Marshall em composi??es de concretos asf?lticos para analisar os par?metros volum?tricos e a estabilidade dos materiais quanto a utiliza??o em obras vi?rias. A partir do programa experimental proposto, pode-se verificar que a fra??o grossa do res?duo do beneficiamento da scheelita apresentou um potencial elevado para ser utilizado in natura como agregado mi?do, pois os corpos de prova analisados demonstraram bom desempenho com rela??o aos par?metros volum?tricos e a estabilidade Marshall. A fra??o fina tamb?m se mostrou vi?vel para ser utilizada como f?ler artificial, por?m, para tal aplica??o, se faz necess?rio processos de melhoramento de qualidade para que a fra??o do res?duo se enquadre como material de enchimento de misturas asf?lticas, visto que in natura, a mesma n?o apresentou os 65% de material passante na peneira de 0,075 mm requisitado pela norma DNER - EM 367/97 (DNER, 1997a). / The Brazilian mineral production is an extremely important activity for the country's economy, since in addition to contributing to gross national product - PIB, it is responsible for the generation of many direct and indirect jobs. Therefore, the Tomaz Salustino Corporation Mining (Breju? Mine) is a important northeastern representative of this sector. Data for 2012 show that the production of the Breju? Mine was around 20 tons per month (MACHADO 2012), representing more than 300 jobs generated, in addition to the development of the municipality of Currais Novos. However, due to the ore (scheelite) processing, since 1943, tons of waste have been generated, and it is currently estimated around 7 million tons (4.5 million thick fractions and 2.5 million fine fractions), disposed in piles and waste basins, generating several environmental impacts, such as the modification of the local landscape. Due of this large stock of waste, jointly with the need for extraction of natural raw material to compose the usual layers of a pavement, the present study evaluated the technical feasibility of the residues from the Breju? Mine in the composition of asphaltic concretes, replacing the natural small aggregate by the thick fractions of the residue, and the conventional filler by the fine fractions of the residue. For this, chemical and mineralogical characterization of fractions of the residue and of the natural aggregates used in the research, besides Marshall dosages in compositions of asphaltic concretes was carried out to analyze the volumetric parameters and the stability of the materials as for the use in road works. From the proposed experimental program, it can be verified that the thick fractions of the scheelite processing residue presented a high potential to be used in natura as a small aggregate, because the analyzed specimens showed good performance in relation to the volumetric parameters and the Marshall stability. The fine fraction has also proved feasible to be used as an artificial filler, however, for this application, it is necessary to improve the quality for that the fraction of the residue fits as asphalt mixtures filling material since, in natura, it did not present the 65% passing material in the 0.075 mm sieve required by DNER - EM 367/97 (DNER, 1997a).

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T23:07:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CinthiaMaiaPederneiras_DISSERT.pdf: 5172350 bytes, checksum: 869c10f054af1edda7a401ef7faf0e62 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-11T22:49:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CinthiaMaiaPederneiras_DISSERT.pdf: 5172350 bytes, checksum: 869c10f054af1edda7a401ef7faf0e62 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T22:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CinthiaMaiaPederneiras_DISSERT.pdf: 5172350 bytes, checksum: 869c10f054af1edda7a401ef7faf0e62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a utiliza??o dos res?duos de constru??o e demoli??o de obras gerados no munic?pio de Natal/ RN como agregados reciclados para a fabrica??o de blocos de pavimenta??o intertravada. Na primeira etapa foi realizada a caracteriza??o minuciosa dos agregados mi?dos e gra?dos. Os ensaios utilizados para este fim foram granulometria, massa unit?ria, massa especifica, ?ndice de forma, material pulverulento, material org?nico, absor??o de ?gua, inchamento, fluoresc?ncia de raio X (FRX), difratograma de raio X (DRX) e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV). A partir dos ensaios de caracteriza??o de agregados naturais e reciclados pode-se estabelecer uma compara??o das propriedades f?sicas, qu?micas e microsc?picas. A fabrica??o dos blocos foi realizada com o tra?o em volume e substitui??o de 100% de agregados reciclados. As vari?veis analisadas foram as condi??es dos agregados reciclados na mistura, investigando seu desempenho na condi??o seca, lavada e saturada. Os ensaios para analisar a viabilidade t?cnica dos blocos, conforme a norma espec?fica NBR 9781 (2013), foram resist?ncia ? compress?o (em idades de 7, 14, 28 e 270 dias) e absor??o de ?gua (aos 28 e 270 dias). Para avaliar o desgaste dos blocos foi constru?do um prot?tipo, o qual foi analisado ap?s um ano de constru??o. Os blocos fabricados apenas com agregado mi?do reciclado apresentaram um incremento na resist?ncia ? compress?o quando comparados aos blocos de refer?ncia. J? os blocos confeccionados com agregado gra?do reciclado obtiveram as menores resist?ncias. Observou-se tamb?m que quando os agregados reciclados s?o lavados apresentam melhor desempenho no produto final. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se satisfat?rios para a aplica??o dos blocos em ruas de baixo movimento e pouca carga. Com o intenso crescimento dos res?duos oriundos da constru??o civil, destaca-se a relev?ncia desta pesquisa, a qual prop?e a fabrica??o de um produto sustent?vel que visa minimizar o uso dos recursos naturais e promover uma destina??o adequada para os res?duos gerados. / This work aims to analyze the use of construction and demolition waste in Natal / RN as recycled aggregates for precast concrete paving blocks. In the first stage, the detailed characterization of the aggregates (fine and coarse) was carried out. The tests used for this purpose were grading curves, bulk density, dry specific density, powdery material, organic material, water absorption, X-ray fluorescence (FRX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy of Scanning (SEM). From the characterization tests of natural and recycled aggregates is possible to analyze physical, chemical and microscopic properties. Ten different mixes were analyzed with an effective water/cement ratio of 0.4 for recycled rates of coarse and fine aggregates of 100%. This research analyzed the conditions of the recycled aggregates in the mixture (dry, washed and saturated), evaluation of the performance of aggregates in a concrete mix. The tests to analyze the technical viability of the concrete blocks, according to the specific norm NBR 9781 (2013), were compressive strength (at ages of 7, 14, 28 and 270 days) and water absorption (at ages of 28 and 270 days). To evaluate the durability, a prototype was constructed, which was analyzed after one year of construction. The blocks made with only recycled sand showed an increase in the results of compressive strength when compared to the reference blocks. The blocks made with recycled coarse obtained the smallest resistance. It was also observed that when the recycled aggregates are washed present a better performance in the final product. The results obtained were satisfactory for the application of the blocks in streets of low movement and low load. With the intense growth of waste from civil construction, the relevance of this research is proposes the manufacture of a sustainable product that aims to minimize the use of natural resources and promote a proper destination for the waste generated.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-19T20:22:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JeronimoMailsonCiprianoCarlosLeite_TESE.pdf: 3038205 bytes, checksum: dd114b39d1209f01fe463b1a3b28b51f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-20T22:14:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JeronimoMailsonCiprianoCarlosLeite_TESE.pdf: 3038205 bytes, checksum: dd114b39d1209f01fe463b1a3b28b51f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-20T22:14:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JeronimoMailsonCiprianoCarlosLeite_TESE.pdf: 3038205 bytes, checksum: dd114b39d1209f01fe463b1a3b28b51f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / A utiliza??o de materiais comp?sitos para a constru??o civil tem sido objeto de estudo acad?mico em universidades e centros de pesquisa no Brasil e no mundo. Um dos elementos motivadores ? o d?ficit habitacional que os pa?ses principalmente do terceiro mundo enfrentam. No Brasil, entre 2010 e 2014, esse d?ficit alcan?a mais de 6,5 milh?es de moradias, em torno de 12 % dos domic?lios do pa?s. Esse trabalho apresenta um comp?sito que foi obtido a partir de res?duos gerados na ind?stria da constru??o civil (brita e cer?mica), res?duos de vidro gerados pela ind?stria vidraceira e elementos comuns em materiais da constru??o, tais como cimento, areia e ?gua. Esses res?duos causam grandes danos ao meio ambiente e s?o jogados nos aterros em grandes quantidades. O trabalho foca no uso de tr?s res?duos para a obten??o o comp?sito e na fabrica??o de dois tipos de blocos, um maci?o usado para piso e um vazado para ser usado em fechamentos verticais em edifica??es, podendo ser utilizados como alvenaria estrutural ou de veda??o. Utilizou-se doze formula??es, sendo duas delas servindo refer?ncia denominadas formula??es Padr?es, e posteriormente foram selecionadas as seis de melhores resultados mec?nico, incluindo uma padr?o com Cimento, Areia M?dia e ?gua. As formula??es escolhidas foram caracterizadas, determinando-se as resist?ncias ? compress?o axial e diametral, a absor??o de ?gua por capilaridade e imers?o total, a densidade e as propriedades t?rmicas. Foram confeccionados blocos com duas das formula??es do comp?sito de melhores resultados gerais utilizando formas especialmente fabricadas para este fim. Os resultados mais expressivos do comp?sito foram obtidos para a resist?ncia mec?nica ? compress?o que atingiu valor superior a 13 Mpa, absor??o de ?gua com resultados inferior a 7,5 %, Densidade inferior a 2,5 g/cm?, Condutividade com valores pr?ximos a 5 W/m.K e Difusividade inferior a 4 mm?/s. Estes resultados permitem que o comp?sito possa ser utilizado tanto na fabrica??o de blocos para alvenaria de veda??o quanto estrutural, tornando-o mais vers?til na ind?stria da constru??o civil. / The use of composite materials for civil construction has been the object of academic study in universities and centers of research in Brazil and worldwide. One of the motivating factors is the housing deficit that the countries of the third world are facing. In Brazil, between 2010 and 2014, this deficit reaches more than 6.5 million homes, around 12% of the country's households. This work presents a composite that was obtained from waste generated in the construction industry (gravel and ceramics), glass waste generated by the glazing industry and common elements in construction materials, such as cement, sand and water. These wastes cause great damage to the environment and are disposed of in landfills in large quantities. The work focuses on the use of three residues to obtain the composite and in the manufacture of two types of blocks, a solid one used for floor and one to be used in vertical closings in buildings, being able to be used as structural masonry or of sealing. Twelve formulations were used, two of them serving reference denominated Standard formulations, and later were selected the six of better mechanical results, including a standard with Cement, Average Sand and water. The chosen formulations were characterized, determining the resistance to axial and diametrical compression, water absorption by capillarity and total immersion, density and thermal properties. Blocks were made with two of the best overall composite formulations using specially fabricated forms for this purpose. The most expressive results of the composite were obtained for the mechanical resistance to compression reaching a value higher than 13 MPa, absorption of water with results lower than 7.5 %, Density less than 2.5 g/cm?, Conductivity with values close to 5 W/m.K and diffusivity less than 4 mm?/s. These results allow the composite to be used both in the manufacture of structural and masonry blocks, making it more versatile in the construction industry.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-02T23:44:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MicaelaDeFreitasAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 2178407 bytes, checksum: c7e3c6bd92127a3aa87e92fb7d2fc5e4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-09T21:08:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MicaelaDeFreitasAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 2178407 bytes, checksum: c7e3c6bd92127a3aa87e92fb7d2fc5e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-09T21:08:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MicaelaDeFreitasAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 2178407 bytes, checksum: c7e3c6bd92127a3aa87e92fb7d2fc5e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-28 / O uso de materiais comp?sitos tem crescido principalmente daqueles que apresentam res?duos na sua composi??o, uma vez que os impactos ambientais gerados com o mau destino desses materiais t?m preocupado a sociedade. Este trabalho apresenta o estudo e caracteriza??o de um material comp?sito obtido da mistura de matriz polim?rica de resina poli?ster e res?duos da casca de ovo de galinha. As cascas recolhidas foram secas e quebradas para a obten??o de tr?s granulometrias (fina, m?dia e grossa). As matrizes utilizadas foram ?s resinas poli?ster ortoft?lica e tereft?lica, escolhendo-se o percentual de res?duo de 100% em massa em rela??o ? matriz, em fun??o de testes preliminares para o diagn?stico da satura??o do comp?sito. Os corpos de prova foram constru?dos e submetidos a testes para caracteriz?-los atrav?s de suas propriedades t?rmicas (condutividade t?rmica, capacidade t?rmica, difusividade e resistividade), mec?nicas (resist?ncias ? tra??o, flex?o e impacto) e f?sicas (densidade, absor??o de umidade e envelhecimento). Como esperado, o comp?sito proposto apresentou menor resist?ncia mec?nica do que a matriz, caracterizando o res?duo como carga de enchimento. Desta forma, todas as formula??es do comp?sito apresentaram-se aplic?veis em estruturas que n?o requerem resist?ncia a grandes esfor?os. O comp?sito apresentou condutividade t?rmica superior ?s resinas matrizes para todas as formula??es, com condutividade t?rmica superior a 0,21 W/m.K, classificando-se como condutor t?rmico. A densidade aparente dos comp?sitos n?o apresentou varia??o significativa em rela??o ? resina. A maior qualidade do comp?sito estudado foi a diminui??o da quantidade de resina a ser utilizada, uma vez que a carga de p? de res?duo pode alcan?ar 100% em rela??o ? matriz, diminuindo-se o custo do material obtido para a fabrica??o de estruturas diversas. / The use of composite materials has grown mainly from those that present residues in their composition, since the environmental impacts generated by the bad destiny of these materials have worried society. This work presents the study and characterization of a composite material obtained from the mixture of polymer matrix of polyester resin and residues of chicken eggshell. The collected shells were dried and broken to obtain three granulometries (fine, medium and coarse). The matrices used were the orthophthalic and terephthalic polyester resins, being chosen the percentage of residue of 100% in mass in relation to the matrix, as a function of preliminary tests for the diagnosis of composite saturation. The test specimens were constructed and subjected to tests to characterize them through their thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal capacity, diffusivity and resistivity), mechanical (tensile strength, flexural and impact strength) and physical properties (density, moisture absorption and aging). As expected, the proposed composite presented lower mechanical resistance than the matrix, characterizing the residue as filling load. In this way, all the formulations of the composite were applicable in structures that do not require resistance to great efforts. The composite presented superior thermal conductivity to the matrix resins for all the formulations, with thermal conductivity superior to 0,21 W/m.K, being classified as thermal conductor. The apparent density of the composites did not show significant variation in relation to the resin. The higher quality of the composite studied was the reduction of the amount of resin to be used, since the residue dust load can reach 100% in relation to the matrix, reducing the cost of the material obtained for the manufacture of diverse structures.