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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Caracterização e valorização de resíduos de gabinetes de microcomputadores de mesa / Characterization and enhance of waste desktop computer, without screen

Kohl, Claudia Adriana 16 December 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-05-25T17:33:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Adriana Kohl.pdf: 1912832 bytes, checksum: 980f4b4ab5b5338526ee01adf1d6cb31 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-25T17:33:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Adriana Kohl.pdf: 1912832 bytes, checksum: 980f4b4ab5b5338526ee01adf1d6cb31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-16 / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / A presente pesquisa teve como principal objetivo caracterizar e valorizar os resíduos de gabinetes de microcomputadores de mesa (desktops). Realizaram-se cinco etapas distintas: efetuar o balanço de massa dos gabinetes e de seus componentes; calcular as taxas de reciclagem dos gabinetes e de seus componentes; efetuar a caracterização dos elementos químicos dos materiais que compõe os gabinetes, e; classificar os resíduos conforme sua periculosidade segundo a ABNT NBR 10004:2004. Alcançaram-se as etapas por meio da desmontagem manual dos gabinetes, da separação e pesagem dos componentes, bem como dos materiais constituintes, dos cálculos das taxas de reciclagem, das análises químicas realizadas no Espectrômetro de Fluorescência de Raios-X e da comparação dos elementos químicos encontrados nas análises com os Anexos da ABNT NBR 10004:2004. Os resultados mostraram que os gabinetes de microcomputadores de mesa deste estudo, têm a massa média de 10,56 kg e que 81,71% desta massa é composta pelas placas mãe, pelas fontes de energia e pelos invólucros do gabinete (tampa, corpo e outras partes). Os outros componentes que são os drives de disquetes, drives de CDs, cabos IDEs, HDs e os coolers representam 18,29% da massa média dos gabinetes. A taxa de reciclagem obtida para os gabinetes foi de 96,66%, essa taxa representa a quantidade de materiais com possibilidade de ser reciclado nas amostras estudadas. Nas análises químicas efetuadas, encontrou-se o total de 47 elementos químicos da Tabela Periódica, entre eles citam-se o níquel e o antimônio (considerados elementos cancerígenos), o cloro e o bromo (considerados elementos halógenos), bem como o bário, o chumbo e o cromo (considerados elementos que conferem periculosidade aos resíduos). Logo, classificaram-se os gabinetes de microcomputadores deste estudo como resíduos Classe I (perigoso), conforme o método empregado neste trabalho. / This study aimed to characterize and enhance waste desktop computer, without screen. There were five distinct steps: the mass balance of the desktop computer, without screen, and their componetes effect; calculate recycling rates of the desktop computer, and their components; make the characterization of the chemical elements of the material that makes up the desktop computer, and; classified as a hazardous waste according to ABNT NBR 10004:2004 Solid Waste - Classification. Been achieved-through the steps: the manual disassembly of the case; separating and weighing the components as well as the constituent materials; the calculation of recycling rates; chemical analyzes by fluorescence spectrometry X-rays, and; comparison of the chemical elements found in analyzes of the Annexes to ABNT NBR 10004: 2004. The results showed that the desktop computer, without screen study, have an average weight of 10.56 kg and 81.71% mass consists of the motherboard, the power supply and the cabinet enclosures (lid and body other parts). The other components are the floppy drives, CD drives, IDE cables, hard disk and coolers represent 18.29% of the mean weight of the cabinets. The recycling rate achieved for the desktop computer, without screen, was 96.66% this rate represents the amount of material likely to be recycled in the samples studied. Chemical analyzes performed, we found a total of 47 chemical elements of the Periodic Table, of these, we mention nickel and antimony (considered carcinogens), chlorine and bromine (halogen elements considered) as well as barium, lead and chromium (considered elements that confer dangerous waste). Soon, classified themselves the desktop computer this study, as Class I (hazardou) waste, according the method used in this work.

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