No description available.

The increased power consumption and power density demands of modern technologies have increased the technical requirements of DC/DC and AC/DC power supplies. In this regard, the primary objective of the power supply researcher/engineer is to build energy efficient, high power density converters by reducing the losses and increasing the switching frequency of converters respectively. Operating the converter circuits at higher switching frequencies reduces the size of the passive components such as transformers, inductors, and capacitors, which results in a compact size, weight, and increased power density of the converter. Therefore, the thesis work is focussed on the design, analysis and evaluation of isolated converters operating in the 1 - 5MHz frequency region with the assistance of the latest semi conductor devices, both coreless and core based planar power transformers designed in Mid Sweden University and which are suitable for consumer applications of varying power levels ranging from 1 – 60W. In high frequency converter circuits, since the MOSFET gate driver plays a prominent role, different commercially available MOSFET gate drivers were evaluated in the frequency range of 1 - 5MHz in terms of gate drive power consumption, rise/fall times and electromagnetic interference (EMI) and a suitable driver was proposed. Initially, the research was focused on the design and evaluation of a quasi resonant flyback converter using a multilayered coreless PCB step down transformer in the frequency range of 2.7 – 4MHz up to the power level of 10W. The energy efficiency of this converter is found to be 72 - 84% under zero voltage switching conditions (ZVS). In order to further improve the energy efficiency of the converter in the MHz frequency region, the new material device GaN HEMT was considered. The comparisons were made on a quasi resonant flyback DC-DC converter using both the Si and GaN technology and it was found that an energy efficiency improvement of 8 – 10% was obtained with the GaN device in the frequency range of 3.2 – 5MHz. In order to minimize the gate drive power consumption, switching losses and to increase the frequency of the converter in some applications such as laptop adapters, set top box (STB) etc., a cascode flyback converter using a low voltage GaN HEMT and a high voltage Si MOSFET was designed and evaluated using a multi-layered coreless PCB transformer in the MHz frequency region. Both the simulation and experimental results have shown that, with the assistance of the cascode flyback converter, the switching speeds of the converter can be increased with the benefit of obtaining a significant improvement in the energy efficiency as compared to that for the single switch flyback converter. In order to further maximize the utilization of the transformer, to reduce the voltage stress on MOSFETs and to obtain the maximum power density from the converter circuit, double ended topologies were considered. Due to the lack of high voltage high side gate drivers in the MHz frequency region, a gate drive circuitry utilizing the multi-layered coreless PCB signal transformer was designed and evaluated in both a half-bridge and series resonant converter (SRC). It was found that the gate drive power consumption using this transformer was around 0.66W for the frequency range of 1.5 - v 3.75 MHz. In addition, by using this gate drive circuitry, the maximum energy efficiency of the SRC using multilayered coreless PCB power transformer was found to be 86.5% with an output power of 36.5W in the switching frequency range of 2 – 3MHz. In order to further enhance the energy efficiency of the converter to more than 90%, investigations were carried out by using the multiresonant converter topology (LCC and LLC), novel hybrid core high frequency planar power transformer and the GaN HEMTs. The simulated and experimental results of the designed LCC resonant converter show that it is feasible to obtain higher energy efficiency isolated DC/DC converters in the MHz frequency region. The peak energy efficiency of the LCC converter at 3.5MHz is reported to be 92% using synchronous rectification. Different modulation techniques were implemented to regulate the converter for both line and load variations using a digital controller. In order to realize an AC/DC converter suitable for a laptop adapter application, consideration was given to the low line of the universal input voltage range due to the GaN switch limitation. The energy efficiency of the regulated converter operating in the frequency range of 2.8 – 3.5MHz is reported to be more than 90% with a load power of 45W and an output voltage of 22V dc. In order to determine an efficient power processing method on the secondary side of the converter, a comparison was made between diode rectification and synchronous rectification and optimal rectification was proposed for the converters operating in the MHz frequency range for a given power transfer application. In order to maintain high energy efficiency for a wide load range and to maintain the narrow switching frequency range for the given input voltage specifications, the LLC resonant converter has been designed and evaluated for the adapter application. From the observed results, the energy efficiency of the LLC resonant converter is maintained at a high level for a wide load range as compared to that for the LCC resonant converter. Investigations were also carried out on isolated class E resonant DC-DC converter with the assistance of GaN HEMT and a high performance planar power transformer at the switching frequency of 5MHz. The simulated energy efficiency of the converter for the output power level of 16W is obtained as 88.5% which makes it feasible to utilize the designed isolated converter for various applications that require light weight and low profile converters. In conclusion, the research in this dissertation has addressed various issues related to high frequency isolated converters and has proposed solution by designing highly energy efficient converters to meet the current industrial trends by using coreless and core based planar transformer technologies along with the assistance of GaN HEMTs. With the provided solution, in the near future, it is feasible to realize low profile, high power density DC/DC and AC/DC converters operating in MHz frequency region suitable for various applications. / High Frequency Switch Mode Power Supplies

Thesis (M.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2010. / Title from PDF title page; viewed on May 3, 2010. Major professor: Taufik, Ph.D. "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of Science in Electrical Engineering." "March 2010." Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-135).

Distributed power system (DPS) is widely adopted in Power supplies for the telecom, computer and network applications. Constant on-time current mode control and V2 control are widely used as point-of-load (POL) converters and voltage regulators (VR) in DPS systems. Series resonant converters (SRC) are widely used in aerospace systems and LLC resonant converters are widely used as Front-end converters in DPS systems. The technological innovations bring increasing demand for optimizing the dynamic performance of the switching regulators in these applications. There has been a strong desire to develop simple and accurate equivalent circuit models to facilitate the design of these converters. Constant on-time current-mode control has been widely used in POL and VRM converters. For multi-phase application, external ramp is required to improve jittering performance using pulse distribution method. Chapter II analyzes the effect of external ramp on small-signal model of constant on-time current mode control. It is found that external ramp brings additional dynamics by introducing a moving pole and a static zero. Next, a three-terminal switch model is proposed based on non-ideal current source concept, where the non-idealness of the current source is presented by a Re2-Le2 branch. Based on the proposed model, design guidelines are proposed based on either worst case design strategy or auto-tuning strategy. V2 control has advantages of simple implementation and fast transient response and is widely used in industry for POL and VR applications. However, the capacitor voltage sideband effect, which casues the instability problem when ceramic capacitors are employed, also needs to be taken into consideration in modeling. Chapter III proposed a unified equivalent circuit model of V2 control, the model is built based on non-ideal voltage source concept. The model represents capacitor voltage sideband effect with a Re2-Le2 branch, which forms the double pole by resonating with power stage output capacitor. The equivalent circuit model is a complete model and can be used to examine all the transfer functions. Bsed on the unified equivalent circuit model, design guidelines for VR applications and general POL applications are provided in Chapter IV, for both constant on-time V2 control and constant frequency V2 control. For resonant converters, the small-sginal modelling is very challenging as some of the state variables do not have dc components but contain strong switching frequency component and therefore the average concept breaks down. For SRC, the equivalent circuit model proposed by E. Yang in [E26] based on the results by the extended describing function concept is the most successful model. However, the order of the equivalent circuit model is too high and the transfer functions are still derived based on numerical solution instead of analytical solutions. Chapter V proposes a methodology to simplify the fifth-order equivalent circuit of SRC to a third-order equivalent circuit. The proposed equivalent circuit model can be used to explain the beat frequency dynamics: when switching frequency is far away from resonant frequency, beat frequency will occur; when the two frequencies are close, beat frequency will disappear and another double pole which is determined by equivalent inductor and output capacitor will be formed. For the first time, analytical solutions are provided for all the transfer functions which are very helpful for feedback design. LLC resonant converters are widely adopted as front-end converter in distributed power system for the telecom, computer and network applications [F2]. Besides, LLC resonant converters are also very popular in other applications, such as LCD, LED and plasma display in TV and flat panels [F3]-[F6]; iron implanter arc power supply[F7]; solar array simulator in photovoltaic application[F8]; fuel cell applications[F9],and so on. For LLC, no simple equivalent circuit model is available and no analytical expressions of transfer functions are presented. Chapter VI proposes an equivalent circuit model for LLC resonant converter. When Fs ≥ Fo, Lm is clamped by the output voltage and LLC behaves very similar as SRC. As a result, the dynamic behavior is similar as SRC: when switching frequency is larger than resonant frequency, the beat frequency double pole show up and the circuit is third-order; when switching frequency is close to resonant frequency, beat frequency double pole disappear and a new double pole formed by equivalent inductor Le and equivalent output capacitor Cf show up. The circuit reduces to second order. When Fs<Fo, Lm participates in resonance during some time periods and the circuit is essentially a multiresonant structure. An approximated model is proposed where the equivalent resonant inductor is modified to include the effect of Lm. As a result, the double pole will move to a little lower frequency. For the first time, analytical solutions are provided for all the transfer functions which are very helpful for feedback design. In conclusion, the works shown in this dissertation focus on small-signal equivalent circuit modeling for Buck converters with advanced control schemes and also resonant converters. The models are simple and accurate up to very high frequency range (1/2 fsw). / Ph. D.

Além da transferência de energia elétrica por meio de condutores sólidos que interligam carga e fonte elétrica, existem formas alternativas que, por não necessitarem de conexão mecânica, permitem maior mobilidade espacial para a carga e trazem inúmeras novas possibilidades de aplicação. Dentre estas formas alternativas está a Transferência Indutiva de Potência, que possui desafios claros no que diz respeito ao projeto do sistema magnético formado pelos indutores emissor e receptor, quando entre eles existe acoplamento magnético muito reduzido. A retirada do núcleo magnético sólido entre emissor e receptor confere a possibilidade de o receptor se mover em relação ao emissor, o que permite a transferência de potência a uma carga móvel. Contudo, o baixo coeficiente de acoplamento magnético torna o sistema fracamente acoplado sensível a variações tanto no circuito ressonante que o alimenta quanto na própria geometria magnética, onde pequenas modificações dimensionais resultam em significativos ganhos de potência no receptor. Esta tese apresenta inicialmente um conjunto de rotinas computacionais que agilizam o projeto de sistemas fracamente acoplados contendo emissores e receptores circulares ou espirais. Estas rotinas agem como pré e pós-processadores do Método dos Elementos Finitos, que por sua vez é solucionado por um aplicativo bidimensional gratuito. Com esta abordagem, é possível desenvolver rapidamente acopladores magnéticos com parâmetros realísticos, cuja montagem experimental demonstra excelente conformidade com os resultados teóricos. Um grupo de onze acopladores magnéticos diferentes é avaliado nesta tese como demonstração de que a otimização de parâmetros geométricos é relevante para a maximização de potência no receptor. Compara-se também o desempenho de acopladores Bipolar, Duplo D e Duplo D Quadratura. Após evidenciar relações geométricas e magnéticas para os diversos acopladores, verifica-se por meio de estudos de sensibilidade paramétrica, que não apenas a geometria do sistema fracamente acoplado influencia em seu desempenho, mas também a escolha dos parâmetros das malhas ressonantes conectadas ao emissor e ao receptor. Disto se conclui sobre a importância da Análise de Sensibilidade em Transferência Indutiva de Potência, pois, como demonstrado, certas malhas ressonantes são naturalmente mais tolerantes a variações do coeficiente de acoplamento magnético do que outras, por exemplo, aquelas em que há compensação do tipo paralelo no emissor. Por fim, o trabalho dedica-se ao estabelecimento de critérios para a ocorrência do fenômeno de bifurcação, segundo o qual múltiplas frequências de ressonância podem ocorrem em um conversor em frequência variável, a depender da carga conectada ao receptor e dos fatores de qualidade dos indutores. O equacionamento, obtido numericamente e que foi generalizado para casos em que existem múltiplos receptores, permite boa previsibilidade a respeito do comportamento dinâmico de sistemas variáveis em frequência. / In addition to the transfer of electrical energy by means of solid conductors that interconnect electrical source and load, there are alternative ways that does not require mechanical connection and allow spatial mobility to the load bringing numerous new application possibilities. Among these alternative forms is Inductive Power Transfer, which has clear challenges with respect to the magnetic system design formed by emitter and receiver inductors, since there is very little magnetic coupling between them. The removal of the solid magnetic core between emitter and receiver introduces the possibility of moving receivers. However, the low magnetic coupling coefficient makes the loosely coupled system sensitive to variations in both the resonant circuit parameters and the magnetic geometry, where small dimensional changes result in significant power gains in the receiver. This thesis initially presents a set of computing routines that allows the design of loosely coupled systems containing circular or spiral inductors. These routines act as pre- and post-processors for Finite Element Method, which in turn is solved by a free two-dimensional application. With this approach one can quickly develop magnetic couplers with realistic parameters, which is demonstrated by comparison between experimental and theoretical results. A group of eleven different magnetic couplers is evaluated as a proof that the optimization of geometric parameters is relevant to maximizing the power of the receiver. Moreover, the performance of Bipolar, Double D and Double D Quadrature couplers are studied. Later, it is verified by means of parametric sensitivity analysis that not only the geometry of the loosely coupled system influences its performance, but also the choice of the parameters of the resonant converters connected to emitter and receiver. The sensitivity analysis of Inductive Power Transfer converters was found to be of great importance because, as shown by a numerical example, certain resonant topologies can be naturally more tolerant to variations in the magnetic coupling coefficient than others. Finally, the work is dedicated to the establishment of precise criteria for the occurrence of bifurcation phenomenon whereby multiple resonant frequencies can occur in a converter under variable frequency excitation, depending on the load connected to the receiver and the quality factors of inductors. The equations obtained numerically were generalized for cases where there are multiple receivers and allow good predictability about the dynamic behavior of variable frequency systems.

Além da transferência de energia elétrica por meio de condutores sólidos que interligam carga e fonte elétrica, existem formas alternativas que, por não necessitarem de conexão mecânica, permitem maior mobilidade espacial para a carga e trazem inúmeras novas possibilidades de aplicação. Dentre estas formas alternativas está a Transferência Indutiva de Potência, que possui desafios claros no que diz respeito ao projeto do sistema magnético formado pelos indutores emissor e receptor, quando entre eles existe acoplamento magnético muito reduzido. A retirada do núcleo magnético sólido entre emissor e receptor confere a possibilidade de o receptor se mover em relação ao emissor, o que permite a transferência de potência a uma carga móvel. Contudo, o baixo coeficiente de acoplamento magnético torna o sistema fracamente acoplado sensível a variações tanto no circuito ressonante que o alimenta quanto na própria geometria magnética, onde pequenas modificações dimensionais resultam em significativos ganhos de potência no receptor. Esta tese apresenta inicialmente um conjunto de rotinas computacionais que agilizam o projeto de sistemas fracamente acoplados contendo emissores e receptores circulares ou espirais. Estas rotinas agem como pré e pós-processadores do Método dos Elementos Finitos, que por sua vez é solucionado por um aplicativo bidimensional gratuito. Com esta abordagem, é possível desenvolver rapidamente acopladores magnéticos com parâmetros realísticos, cuja montagem experimental demonstra excelente conformidade com os resultados teóricos. Um grupo de onze acopladores magnéticos diferentes é avaliado nesta tese como demonstração de que a otimização de parâmetros geométricos é relevante para a maximização de potência no receptor. Compara-se também o desempenho de acopladores Bipolar, Duplo D e Duplo D Quadratura. Após evidenciar relações geométricas e magnéticas para os diversos acopladores, verifica-se por meio de estudos de sensibilidade paramétrica, que não apenas a geometria do sistema fracamente acoplado influencia em seu desempenho, mas também a escolha dos parâmetros das malhas ressonantes conectadas ao emissor e ao receptor. Disto se conclui sobre a importância da Análise de Sensibilidade em Transferência Indutiva de Potência, pois, como demonstrado, certas malhas ressonantes são naturalmente mais tolerantes a variações do coeficiente de acoplamento magnético do que outras, por exemplo, aquelas em que há compensação do tipo paralelo no emissor. Por fim, o trabalho dedica-se ao estabelecimento de critérios para a ocorrência do fenômeno de bifurcação, segundo o qual múltiplas frequências de ressonância podem ocorrem em um conversor em frequência variável, a depender da carga conectada ao receptor e dos fatores de qualidade dos indutores. O equacionamento, obtido numericamente e que foi generalizado para casos em que existem múltiplos receptores, permite boa previsibilidade a respeito do comportamento dinâmico de sistemas variáveis em frequência. / In addition to the transfer of electrical energy by means of solid conductors that interconnect electrical source and load, there are alternative ways that does not require mechanical connection and allow spatial mobility to the load bringing numerous new application possibilities. Among these alternative forms is Inductive Power Transfer, which has clear challenges with respect to the magnetic system design formed by emitter and receiver inductors, since there is very little magnetic coupling between them. The removal of the solid magnetic core between emitter and receiver introduces the possibility of moving receivers. However, the low magnetic coupling coefficient makes the loosely coupled system sensitive to variations in both the resonant circuit parameters and the magnetic geometry, where small dimensional changes result in significant power gains in the receiver. This thesis initially presents a set of computing routines that allows the design of loosely coupled systems containing circular or spiral inductors. These routines act as pre- and post-processors for Finite Element Method, which in turn is solved by a free two-dimensional application. With this approach one can quickly develop magnetic couplers with realistic parameters, which is demonstrated by comparison between experimental and theoretical results. A group of eleven different magnetic couplers is evaluated as a proof that the optimization of geometric parameters is relevant to maximizing the power of the receiver. Moreover, the performance of Bipolar, Double D and Double D Quadrature couplers are studied. Later, it is verified by means of parametric sensitivity analysis that not only the geometry of the loosely coupled system influences its performance, but also the choice of the parameters of the resonant converters connected to emitter and receiver. The sensitivity analysis of Inductive Power Transfer converters was found to be of great importance because, as shown by a numerical example, certain resonant topologies can be naturally more tolerant to variations in the magnetic coupling coefficient than others. Finally, the work is dedicated to the establishment of precise criteria for the occurrence of bifurcation phenomenon whereby multiple resonant frequencies can occur in a converter under variable frequency excitation, depending on the load connected to the receiver and the quality factors of inductors. The equations obtained numerically were generalized for cases where there are multiple receivers and allow good predictability about the dynamic behavior of variable frequency systems.

Orientador: Carlos Alberto Canesin / Resumo: Neste trabalho, apresentou-se o estudo de um gerador eletrocirúrgico utilizando um conversor ressonante. Com o intuito de realizar procedimentos cirúrgicos, o bisturi elétrico, ou eletrônico, apresenta grandes vantagens ao método clássico do bisturi de aço inoxidável. Para conseguir os efeitos terapêuticos desejados, corte e coagulação, sem que haja qualquer estímulo nervoso, utiliza-se sinal senoidal com alta frequência. Os conversores ressonantes são estruturas chaveadas que operam em elevadas frequências com baixas perdas, logo, alto rendimento. Fez-se, então, um estudo sobre as estruturas inversoras e os filtros ressonantes. A sequência do trabalho trata da análise da estrutura proposta (Full-Bridge – LCLC – ZVS – FM) demonstrando as etapas envolvidas em um ciclo de chaveamento do conversor e o seu equacionamento. A partir de uma metodologia para calcular os parâmetros do filtro, definiram-se os valores das indutâncias e das capacitâncias séries e paralelas. Projetou-se o controlador pormeio de umametodologia que visa o controle pelos valores de pico das formas de onda. Realizaram-se simulações dos modos de operação desejados e observaram-se os valores encontrados da tensão de saída, da corrente de saída, da corrente de entrada e a comutação ZVS para variadas cargas. Implementou-se um protótipo do qual os resultados práticos obtidos são apresentados e discutidos. / Abstract: In this work, a study of an electrosurgical generator was presented using a resonant converter. In order to perform surgical procedures, electric or electronic scalpel presents great advantages to the classic method of the stainless steel scalpel. To achieve the desired therapeutic effects, cutting and coagulation, without any nerve stimulation, sine wave signal is applied with high frequency. Resonant converters are switched structures that operate at high frequencies with low losses, hence, high efficiency. A study was then made about inverter structures and resonant filters. The work sequence was the analysis of the proposed structure (Full-Bridge LCLCZVS- FM) demonstrating the steps involved in a converter switching cycle and its equation. From a methodology to calculate filter parameters, values of series and parallel inductances and capacitances were defined. The controller was designed using a methodology that controls the peak values of the waveforms. Simulations of the desired modes of operation were executed out and the values of output voltage, output current, input current and ZVS switching were observed for various loads. A prototype was implemented and the results obtained are presented and discussed. / Mestre

No description available.

The development in power conversion technology is in constant demand of high power efficiency and high power density. The DC-DC power conversion is an indispensable stage for numerous power supplies and energy related applications. Particularly, in PV micro-inverters and front-end converter of power supplies, great challenges are imposed on the power performances of the DC-DC converter stage, which not only require high efficiency and density but also the capability to regulate a wide variation range of input voltage and load conditions. The resonant DC-DC converters are good candidates to meet these challenges with the advantages of achieving soft switching and low EMI. Among various resonant converter topologies, the LLC converter is very attractive for its wide gain range and providing ZVS for switches from full load to zero load condition. The operation of the LLC converter is complicated due to its multiple resonant stage mechanism. A literature review of different analysis methods are presented, and it shows that the study on the LLC is still incomplete. Therefore, an operation mode analysis method is proposed, which divides the operation into six major modes based on the occurrence of resonant stages. The resonant currents, voltages and the DC gain characteristics for each mode is investigated. To obtain a thorough view of the converter behavior, the boundaries of every mode are studied, and mode distribution regarding the gain, load and frequency is presented and discussed. As this operation mode model is a precise model, an experimental prototype is designed and built to demonstrate its accuracy in operation waveforms and gain prediction. iv Since most of the LLC modes have no closed-form solutions, simplification is necessary in order to utilize this mode model in practical design. Some prior approximation methods for converter’s gain characteristics are discussed. Instead of getting an entire gain-vs.-frequency curve, we focus on peak gains, which is an important design parameters indicating the LLC’s operating limit of input voltage and switching frequency. A numerical peak gain approximation method is developed, which provide a direct way to calculate the peak gain and its corresponding load and frequency condition. The approximated results are compared with experiments and simulations, and are proved to be accurate. In addition, as PO mode is the most favorable operation mode of the LLC, its operation region is investigated and an approximation approach is developed to determine its boundary. The design optimization of the LLC has always been a difficult problem as there are many parameters affecting the design and it lacks clear design guidance in selecting the optimal resonant tank parameters. Based on the operation mode model, three optimization methods are proposed according to the design scenarios. These methods focus on minimize the conduction loss of resonant tank while maintaining the required voltage gain level, and the approximations of peak gains and PO mode boundary can be applied here to facilitate the design. A design example is presented using one of the proposed optimization methods. As a comparison, the L-C component values are reselected and tested for the same design specifications. The experiments show that the optimal design has better efficiency performance. Finally, a generalized approach for resonant converter analysis is developed. It can be implemented by computer programs or numerical analysis tools to derive the operation waveforms and DC characteristics of resonant converters

The move toward electric vehicles (EVs) has a significant impact to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and make transportation more eco-friendly. Fast-charging stations play a crucial role in this transition, making EVs more convenient for adoption specifically when driving in long distance. However, the challenge is to create a fast-charging system that can work with the different types of EVs and their varying power needs while still being efficient and effective. In this context, this thesis embarks on this journey by introducing an innovative solution for efficient universal fast charging, spanning both low voltage and high voltage battery systems. A novel, configurable dual secondary resonant converter is proposed, which empowers the charging module to extend its output range without imposing additional demands on the resonant tank components. This solution addresses the pressing need for a wide output voltage range in fast-charging standard in the growing EV landscape. To ensure optimal performance across a broad voltage and power range, the thesis employs an analytical model for LLC resonant converters to optimize the resonant components. This strategic component selection aims to achieve the desired output voltage and power range while minimizing conduction losses. The proposed topology and design methodology are rigorously validated through the development of a 10 kW prototype. Furthermore, the study introduces a two degrees of freedom (2DoF) control scheme for the proposed LLC resonant converter with the configurable dual secondary LLC converter topology. An analytical model is formulated to guide the selection of control parameters, ensuring coverage of the desired output voltage and power range without compromising system efficiency. The steady-state analytical model is utilized for determining optimized control parameters at each operating point within the converter's output range. To enhance the charging module's power density and efficiency, a high-frequency litz-wire transformer design methodology is introduced. The transformer's core size is optimized to achieve high power density and efficiency, while the winding configuration is chosen to minimize conduction losses. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations validate transformer losses and operating temperatures. The culmination of this research is the development of a 30 kW charging module prototype. This prototype features an LLC resonant converter with a configurable dual secondary and two degrees of freedom control for output voltage control. The component ratings, estimated losses, and power board design are carefully considered to create a compact and efficient charging module. Experimental testing across a universal output voltage and power range con rms the effectiveness of the proposed solution. In summary, this thesis presents a comprehensive approach to design of a module for EV fast charging application addressing voltage range, efficiency, and component optimization, resulting in the successful development of a high-performance charging module prototype. / Thesis / Doctor of Engineering (DEng)