Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the relation between age, relative numerousness judgments, and summation in Western lowland gorillas. The findings indicated that most of the gorillas did not perform relative numerousness judgments until after specific training to do so. However, the gorillas did perform summation without specific training and an age-related difference was apparent.

Yes / What has generated the unprecedented fascination with the Internet? What future lies ahead for computing as the Internet and its associated infrastructure expand? Will the network be able to cope with rising demands for carrying capacity and response speed? Will it change the way scientists, designers, artists, computer professionals, and home users work in the future? These are some of the wideranging questions being asked about the Internet and World Wide Web.

The object of the study is young women's volleyball players' psychomotoric reaction. The work problem - the psychomotoric reaction changes in one-year workout cycle of young women's volleyball players - is being seen now as a rather new and almost unexplored both in theory and practice. The purpose of the work is to explore possibilities of establishing and developing psychomotoric factors of young women's volleyball players in one-year workout cycle. In order to solve this problem, the following tasks were set: · To explore motion velocity factors of young women's volleyball players right and left hands, depending on the complexity of exercises; · To compare specific features both of right and left hand psychomotoric reactions of the young women's volleyball players; · To evaluate changes in response time and motion velocity during one-year workout cycle. · To evaluate strategies of motion performance in respect of velocity. We have carried out a study with players from the Lithuanian young women's volleyball players' team who are preparing themselves for the European Volleyball Championship of the year 2007. In the first study, there were 17 members of the Lithuanian young women's volleyball players' team who participated in this research, and in the second study - 15 members. The age of young players ranges from 15 to 16 years. The average age of persons under the study (young women's volleyball players) during the first stage of the study is that of 15.58±0.12 years. The... [to full text]

Most sport coaches are under the impression that if their athletes have 20/20 vision, nothing more is needed to be done in the visual arena. This is a common misconception in youth sport and professional sport. Every sport involves the visual system in one way or another, yet very few coaches or athletes spend any time training the visual system to perform optimally during competition. To perform at the highest level of competition, athletes have to be in tune with their visual motor and visual perceptual system. Participants consisted of 200 male and female recruits enrolled for Basic Military Training (BMT) at the training academy in Ellisras, South Africa. Only recruits who completed the informed consent and adhere to the inclusion exclusion criteria participated in the study. The primary purpose of this study was to see how the recruits improve their visual skills after intense training which included cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular strength (upper body and abdominal), muscular endurance, speed, power, agility and flexibility. The training intensity of the sessions exceeded 6 metabolic equivalents (METs). Data sampling was completed over a period of one week during weeks 1, 12 and 20. The proposed schedule for the data gathering is suggested to ensure the special requirements demanded by the different tests and to see at what rate their visual skill improve. Results in this study suggests that a Basic Military Training (BMT) programme, focusing on intense physical training, enhances hand-eye co-ordination, visual response speed, accuracy, anticipation, visual concentration and short term visual memory. The improvement of various visual skills observed in this research provides evidence that physical exercise, along with an enhanced state of physical fitness, does have a positive effect on visual proficiency. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Physiology / unrestricted