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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Leucémie aiguë myéoblastique : modélisation et analyse de stabilité / Acute Myeloid Leukemia : Modelling and Stability Analysis

Avila Alonso, José Luis 02 July 2014 (has links)
[Non fourni] / Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a cancer of white cells characterized by a quick proliferation of immature cells, that invade the circulating blood and become more present than mature blood cells. This thesis is devoted to the study of two mathematical models of AML. In the first model studied, the cell dynamics are represented by PDE’s for the phases G₀, G₁, S, G₂ and M. We also consider a new phase called Ğ₀, between the exit of the M phase and the beginning of the G₁ phase, which models the fast self-renewal effect of cancerous cells. Then, by analyzing the solutions of these PDE’s, the model has been transformed into a form of two coupled nonlinear systems involving distributed delays. An equilibrium analysis is done, the characteristic equation for the linearized system is obtained and a stability analysis is performed. The second model that we propose deals with a coupled model for healthy and cancerous cells dynamics in AML consisting of two stages of maturation for cancerous cells and three stages of maturation for healthy cells. The cell dynamics are modelled by nonlinear partial differential equations. Applying the method of characteristics enable us to reduce the PDE model to a nonlinear distributed delay system. For an equilibrium point of interest, necessary and sufficient conditions of local asymptotic stability are given. Finally, we derive stability conditions for both mathematical models by using a Lyapunov approach for the systems of PDEs that describe the cell dynamics.
2

Approximation and applications of distributed delay / Approximation et applications de retard distributé

Lu, Hao 01 October 2013 (has links)
Dans ce manuscrit, nous étudions le retard distribué et ses applications. Nous présentons la définition du retard distribué et l'étude de ses propriétés. Nous expliquons aussi le problème de la mise en œuvre du retard distribué et donnons une méthode générale pour son approximation. Ensuite nous présentons trois applications à l'aide de retard distribué, qui sont différentes avec les applications apparaissent dans la littérature. Le premier est l'inversion stable et le modèle appariement. Nous introduisons une nouvelle classe d'inversion stable et modèle d'appariement pour les systèmes linéaires de dimension finie invariables dans le temps. L'inversion stable (resp. modèle d'appariement) est une sorte d'inversion (resp. modèle d'appariement) de rapprochement. En fait, nous obtenons l'inversion exacte (resp. exacte modèle d'appariement) après un temps t = h, où le temps t = h peut être choisi arbitrairement. La deuxième application est le contrôle de la stabilité et du pôle placement finie pour une classe de système de dimension infinie. La dernière application du retard distribué est la synthèse de l'observateur pour l'estimation ou la commande de sortie. Nous craignons seulement avec les systèmes linéaires de dimension finie. Nous introduisons une boucle fermée observateurs sans mémoire par injection d'entrée. Convergence asymptotique ainsi que la convergence en temps fini de l'estimation sont analysés par injection de sortie et des informations d'entrée via retard distribué. Enfin, nous introduisons une nouvelle classe de l’approximation des systèmes à paramètres distribués. Nous travaillons sur la topologie du graphe, et montrons que sous certaines hypothèses faibles, une telle approximation peut être réalisé en utilisant retard distribué. / A distributed delay is a linear input-output operators and appears in many control problems. We investigate distributed delay and its applications. After introducing the definition and the main properties of the distributed delay, the numerical implementation problem of distributed delays is analyzed and a general method for its approximation is given. Then three applications are focused on where distributed delay appears. The first application is the stable inversion and model matching. A new class of stable inversion and model matching problem for finite dimensional linear time-invariant systems is defined. The stable inversion (resp. model matching) is an approximation of the inverse of a given model (resp. model matching), where exact inversion (resp. exact matching) is reached after a time $t=h$, which is a parameter of our procedure. The second application is concerned with stabilization and finite spectrum assignment for a class of infinite dimensional systems. The last application concerns observer synthesis for estimation or output control. For linear finite dimensional systems. A closed-loop memoryless observer by input injection is introduced. Asymptotic convergence as well as finite time convergence of the estimation are analyzed by output injection and input information via distributed delay. At last, we introduce a new class for approximation of distributed parameter systems. We work on the graph topology, and show that under some weak assumptions, such an approximation can be realized using distributed delay.

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