Bakgrund: Mindfulness är ett nytt koncept inom omvårdnad. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) är ett program som utvecklats från mindfulness inom vården. MBSR har studerats i samband med olika sjukdomar däribland cancer. Bröstcancer är den vanligaste maligna cancern hos kvinnor världen över och att få en cancerdiagnos medför både fysiska och psykiska svårigheter. Syfte: Att beskriva effekter av MBSR på personer med bröstcancer. Metod: Litteraturöversikt baserad på RCT-studier (randomised controlled trials). Datainsamling gjordes via CINAHL, Medline och PsychINFO och tolv RCT-studier granskades med en induktiv ansats. Resultat: Resultatet bygger på tolv RCT studier som jämför MBSR med vanlig behandling (VB) och är indelat i effekter avseende fysiskt välmående, effekter avseende psykiskt välmående, effekter avseende hantering och effekter avseende socialt välmående. Slutsats: Generellt finns kortsiktiga positiva effekter till följd av MBSR-programmet hos personer med bröstcancer. Dock är dessa effekter ofta uppmätta direkt efter interventionen och flera studier visar att dess effekt minskar efter tolv månader. Evidensen för att använda MBSR i vården av personer med bröstcancer är ännu låg och fler studier med längre uppföljning bör göras. / Background: Mindfulness is a fairly new concept in nursing. The MBSR-programme (Mindfulness based stress reduction) was developed from mindfulness in healthcare. MBSR has been studied in relation to different healthcare settings and illnesses there among cancer. Breast cancer is the most common cancer amongst women worldwide. To live with cancer entails both psychological and physical issues. Aim: To describe the effects of MBSR on persons with breast cancer. Method: A literature review based on RCT-studies (randomised controlled trials). Data collection was done using CINAHL, Medline and PsychINFO and twelve RCT-studies was examined with an inductive approach. Results: The result is based on twelve RCT-studies comparing MBSR with standard treatment and presented in effects related to: physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, coping and social wellbeing. Conclusion: Generally, there are short term positive effects of the MBSR-programme on persons with breast cancer. These effects are often measured directly after the intervention and several studies show that the effects diminish after twelve months. Evidence to use MBSR in healthcare for persons with breast cancer is still low and more studies with longer follow up should be conducted.

Boletín que incluye información científica sobre el COVID-19, incluye artículos científicos y artículos preprint actualizados al 02 de Julio de 2020.

Introduction: Within all societies there are women being exposed to intimate partner violence. These experiences can have an impact on these women’s health and cause them to seeking help in connection with the ill health or injuries that stem from this violence. The interpersonal meeting experienced in the encounter with the health care system, and in many cases, with a nurse, can therefore be of importance for how the women experience the care given and lead to physical and psychological relief.  Aim: To explore how women exposed to intimate partner violence experience encounters within health care.  Method: A literature review based on ten qualitative articles. Thematic data analysis was used to analyze the findings.  Result: The result of the study showed that there is room for improvement of knowledge for health care professionals. The interpersonal relationship between the help seeking woman and health care professional is of importance for the experience of health care. The encounter with the health care professionals could create fear and for some women reinforce traumatic memories. The result made it evident that validation, understanding, time for conversation and offering counseling was of importance for the women.  Conclusion: There is room for improvement of knowledge for health care professionals.  The interpersonal relationship between the help seeking woman and health care professional, in many cases a nurse, is of importance for the experience of the health care. Healing could be achieved through aspects of the interpersonal relationship between health care professionals and the women, if the conditions are favorable. / Introduktion: Kvinnor med erfarenhet av våld i nära relation förekommer överallt i samhället. Erfarenheter av våld i nära relation kan påverka dessa kvinnors hälsa och leda till att de söker vård relaterat till ohälsa eller skador som våldet orsakat. Upplevelsen av mötet med hälso- och sjukvård, och i många fall mötet med sjuksköterskan, kan bli avgörande för hur dessa kvinnor kommer vidare i sin livssituation och ges möjlighet till fysiskt och psykiskt läkande. Syfte: Undersöka hur kvinnor med erfarenhet av våld i nära relation upplever mötet med hälso- och sjukvård. Metod: En litteraturstudie där tio kvalitativa originalartiklar har sammanställts med tematisk dataanalys.  Resultat: Resultatet visade på att kvinnor med erfarenhet av våld i nära relation upplevde kunskapsluckor hos vårdpersonalen och att det påverkade hur kvinnorna upplevde mötet och hjälpen de fick. Mötet med vårdpersonal kunde utlösa rädsla och präglas av att minnen av traumatiska erfarenheter gjorde sig påminda. Det visade sig betydelsefullt att vårdpersonalen kunde erbjuda extra tid, ha förståelse och ge validering av kvinnornas berättelser samt hjälp att, genom bearbetning av sina erfarenheter av våld i nära relation komma vidare. Slutsats: Studien visade ett behov av att hos vårdpersonal öka kompetensen inom ämnet våld i nära relation. Studien visade också att det interpersonella mötet mellan kvinnor som söker vård och vårdpersonalen, ofta sjuksköterskor, har en betydelse för upplevelsen och att mötet, under rätt förutsättningar, kan bidra till läkande.

According to the dual process model, the interaction between explicit (controlled) and implicit (automatic) cognitions would allow the understanding of irrational actions like addictive behaviors. This model has gained great popularity among addiction researchers, leading to an exponential growth in publications on implicit alcohol related cognition (IAC). Hence, the goal of this article is to identify trends in the study of IAC by means of a bibliometric and content analysis of the empirical studies published up to May, 2013. Throughout this paper, the studied topics of IAC were characterized, the most prolific countries, authors and journals were recognized, the most cited publications were detected and the most employed methods were identified. / De acuerdo al modelo del doble procesamiento, la interacción entre cogniciones explícitas (controladas) e implícitas (automáticas) permitiría entender acciones irracionales, tales como los comportamientos adictivos. Este modelo ha ganado mucha popularidad entre quienes investigan el consumo de sustancias, produciéndose un crecimiento exponencial de las publicaciones sobre Cogniciones Implícitas hacia el Alcohol (CIA). Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es describir las tendencias en el estudio de la CIA mediante un análisis bibliométrico y de contenido de los estudios empíricos publicados hasta mayo del 2013. A lo largo de este trabajo se caracterizan las temáticas de las CIA encontradas y se identifican los países, autores y revistas más productivas, las publicaciones más citadas y los métodos más utilizados. / De acordo com o modelo de processamento dual, a interação entre cognições explícitas (controladas) e implícitas (automáticas) audaría as ações irracionais, tais como os comportamentos aditivos. Este modelo ganhou muita popularidade entre os pesquisadores do consumo de substâncias, produzindo um crescimento exponencial de as publicações sobre cognições implícitas relacionadas com o álcool (CIA). Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é descrever as tendências no estudo da CIA através de um análise bibliométrico e de conteúdo de estudos empíricos publicados até maio de 2013. Ao longo deste artigo são caracterizados os temas da CIA encontrados e são identificados países, autores e revistas mais produtivos, as publicações mais citadas e os métodos mais utilizados.

A cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs (CMM) é realizada em fases sucessivas de retirada tumoral. Cada fase demora de uma a duas horas, dependendo do tamanho da lesão; portanto, é muito importante conseguir predizer o número de fases da cirurgia a fim de poder programar melhor o tempo de uso da sala cirúrgica e da equipe cirúrgica, o uso de anestésicos, os custos da cirurgia, melhor orientar o paciente e assegurar a remoção completa do tumor. Com o intuito de encontrar fatores preditivos do número de fases da CMM no tratamento do carcinoma espinocelular da cabeça, realizou-se o levantamento dos prontuários de 44 pacientes submetidos a 51 CMM no ambulatório de cirurgia dermatológica da Divisão de Dermatologia do HC-FMUSP/SP, de 1994 a 2003. Foram constituídos três grupos quanto ao número de fases da CMM: uma fase, duas fases e três ou mais fases. Os grupos foram comparados em relação às variáveis: duração da lesão até a cirurgia, morfologia, tamanho e limites da lesão, tumor primário ou recidivado, grau de diferenciação histológica do tumor e localização anatômica do tumor. Identificou-se um único fator significante na análise univariada: a distribuição dos tumores recidivados segundo o número de fases da cirurgia e que diferiu da distribuição dos tumores primários (p=0,081, teste exato de Fisher), sendo maior o número de fases para os tumores recidivados. Na análise multivariada, não houve fatores estatisticamente significantes que pudessem estar associados ao número de fases da cirurgia. Na análise da razão de chances, observou-se maior chance de apresentar maior número de fases para as variáveis: limites clínicos imprecisos, tumor ulcerado, tumor recidivado, tumor mais agressivo histologicamente e tumor maior que 1 cm. / Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is proceeded in successive stages of cancer removal. Each stage lasts from 1 to 2 hours, depending on the tumor size. So it is very important to predict the number of phases of the surgery so that one can plan better the time of the surgical room use, the time of the surgeon and his team, the use of anaesthetics, the surgical costs, to give the patient better orientations about his surgery and to ensure complete tumor erradication. With the intention to find predictive factors of the number of stages of MMS in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, we reviewed the record of 44 patients on a total of 51 surgeries proceeded in the dermatologic surgical clinic of the Dermatological Division of HC-FMUSP/SP from 1994 to 2003. For the number of stages in the MMS we established 3 groups: 1 stage, 2 stages and 3 or more stages. These groups were compared with regard to this variables: continuance of the lesion until the surgery, morphology and size of the lesion, lesion limits, primary or recurrent cancer, histological grade (Broders) and anatomic localization. In the univariated analysis one single factor was significant: the distribution of the recurrent cancers related to the number of stages of the surgery that was different from the distribution of the primary ones (p=0.081, Fisher\'s exact test), been higher the number of stages for the recurrent cancers. In the multivariated analysis, there were no statistically significant factors associated with higher number of stages of the surgery. In the analysis of the odss ratio, we noted a higher chance of a higher number of stages for the variables: inaccurate clinical limits, ulcerated lesions, recurrent cancer, higher aggressive histology and tumor bigger than 1 cm.

A cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs (CMM) é realizada em fases sucessivas de retirada tumoral. Cada fase demora de uma a duas horas, dependendo do tamanho da lesão; portanto, é muito importante conseguir predizer o número de fases da cirurgia a fim de poder programar melhor o tempo de uso da sala cirúrgica e da equipe cirúrgica, o uso de anestésicos, os custos da cirurgia, melhor orientar o paciente e assegurar a remoção completa do tumor. Com o intuito de encontrar fatores preditivos do número de fases da CMM no tratamento do carcinoma espinocelular da cabeça, realizou-se o levantamento dos prontuários de 44 pacientes submetidos a 51 CMM no ambulatório de cirurgia dermatológica da Divisão de Dermatologia do HC-FMUSP/SP, de 1994 a 2003. Foram constituídos três grupos quanto ao número de fases da CMM: uma fase, duas fases e três ou mais fases. Os grupos foram comparados em relação às variáveis: duração da lesão até a cirurgia, morfologia, tamanho e limites da lesão, tumor primário ou recidivado, grau de diferenciação histológica do tumor e localização anatômica do tumor. Identificou-se um único fator significante na análise univariada: a distribuição dos tumores recidivados segundo o número de fases da cirurgia e que diferiu da distribuição dos tumores primários (p=0,081, teste exato de Fisher), sendo maior o número de fases para os tumores recidivados. Na análise multivariada, não houve fatores estatisticamente significantes que pudessem estar associados ao número de fases da cirurgia. Na análise da razão de chances, observou-se maior chance de apresentar maior número de fases para as variáveis: limites clínicos imprecisos, tumor ulcerado, tumor recidivado, tumor mais agressivo histologicamente e tumor maior que 1 cm. / Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is proceeded in successive stages of cancer removal. Each stage lasts from 1 to 2 hours, depending on the tumor size. So it is very important to predict the number of phases of the surgery so that one can plan better the time of the surgical room use, the time of the surgeon and his team, the use of anaesthetics, the surgical costs, to give the patient better orientations about his surgery and to ensure complete tumor erradication. With the intention to find predictive factors of the number of stages of MMS in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, we reviewed the record of 44 patients on a total of 51 surgeries proceeded in the dermatologic surgical clinic of the Dermatological Division of HC-FMUSP/SP from 1994 to 2003. For the number of stages in the MMS we established 3 groups: 1 stage, 2 stages and 3 or more stages. These groups were compared with regard to this variables: continuance of the lesion until the surgery, morphology and size of the lesion, lesion limits, primary or recurrent cancer, histological grade (Broders) and anatomic localization. In the univariated analysis one single factor was significant: the distribution of the recurrent cancers related to the number of stages of the surgery that was different from the distribution of the primary ones (p=0.081, Fisher\'s exact test), been higher the number of stages for the recurrent cancers. In the multivariated analysis, there were no statistically significant factors associated with higher number of stages of the surgery. In the analysis of the odss ratio, we noted a higher chance of a higher number of stages for the variables: inaccurate clinical limits, ulcerated lesions, recurrent cancer, higher aggressive histology and tumor bigger than 1 cm.