Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo de Campos Costa.pdf: 1073563 bytes, checksum: 1b76a957a9efc81c59983f1b5391296d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-09 / The purpose of this paper is to analyse Criminal Law in relation to the fight against organized crime. The evolution of Criminal Law was outlined, starting with the main penal schools and also with the dogmatic lines of thought, from Causalism to Functionalism. Considering the legal interest as Criminal Law's main objective, parameters based on constitutional values were established for its definition. The analysis of the legal interest was double folded, having been classified as being of both individual and universal nature, thus enabling the defence of the constitutionality of crimes of abstract danger. The warrants of criminalization, whose fundamentals oblige the infra-constitutional legislator to protect the legal interest elected by the Constitution, were object of analysis. As for organized crime, its evolution as a social and legal phenomenon was analysed, focusing on the history of Brazilian legislation, from the Imperial Penal Code to today's Law 9.034/95. The analysis of the concept of organized crime was based on the concept taken from the Palermo Convention, more open and permissive, so as not to restrict legislation on the account of the effects of the advance of globalization. Thus, in order to establish the concept of organized crime, its characteristics were identified insisting on the need for legal definition. The investigation tools of the Law 9.034/95 were also analysed, following legitimizing arguments. Lastly, the Enemy's Criminal Law and the Right to Safety were analysed as ways to interpret and provide justification for legislations both from penal as well as processual order in the fight against organized crime. From the research done, we conclude for the interpretation of the Right to Safety as a fundamental right, in its objective acception, based on imperatives of tutelage. The collision between constitutional principles must be solved through the application of the principle of proportionality / O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste na análise do Direito Penal, no que diz respeito ao enfrentamento da criminalidade organizada. Foi delineada evolução do Direito Penal, com início nas principais escolas penais e também através das linhas do pensamento dogmático, do causalismo ao funcionalismo. Com norte no bem jurídico, como finalidade do Direito Penal, foram estabelecidos parâmetros para sua definição, ancorado nos valores constitucionais. O bem jurídico foi cindido em sua análise, sendo classificado como de natureza individual e universal, classificação essa que permitiu defender a constitucionalidade dos crimes de perigo abstrato. Foram objeto de análise os mandados de criminalização, cuja fundamentação, obriga o legislador infraconstitucional à proteção do bem eleito pela Constituição. Quanto ao crime organizado, foi analisada sua evolução enquanto fenômeno social e jurídico. Foi objeto de análise a história da legislação brasileira, desde o Código Penal do Império até a atual Lei 9.034/95. Na análise do conceito do crime organizado, levou-se em consideração o conceito previsto pela Convenção de Palermo, mais aberto e permissivo, de modo a não engessar a legislação, devido aos efeitos do avanço da globalização, de modo que para estabelecer o conceito foram identificadas suas características, firmando ainda posicionamento pela necessidade de definição legal. Os instrumentos de investigação da Lei 9.034/95 também foram analisados, firmando-se por argumentos legitimadores. Por fim, foram analisados o Direito Penal do Inimigo e o Direito à Segurança, como formas de se interpretar e fundamentar legislações tanto de ordem penal como processual no enfrentamento à criminalidade organizada. Pela pesquisa feita, posicionamo-nos no sentido de interpretar o Direito à Segurança, como um direito fundamental, na acepção objetiva, com base nos imperativos de tutela. A colisão de princípios constitucionais deve ser sanada através da aplicação do princípio da proporcionalidade

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of School Management Teams (SMTs) in implementing and managing anti-bullying policies in public high schools in the Tshwane South District of the Gauteng Province. This study was prompted by the global concern about bullying in schools and the need for schools to create safe spaces for learning. While the literature regarding bullying is substantial and much literature points to the need for sound anti-bullying policies to curb bullying, bullying is still rampant in many South African Schools. In this study, a qualitative approach was taken to explore SMTs implementation and management of anti-bullying policies in high schools in the Tshwane South District. Interview schedules and a measurement rubric were used as research tools for gathering data to analyse the experiences of the SMTs in managing bullying through anti-bullying policies. / Educational Management and Leadership / M. Ed. (Education Management)