L’objectif de cette thèse de doctorat est de démontrer la valeur des œuvres poétiques des trois auteurs cubains contemporains Roberto Manzano Díaz (1949), Rafael Almanza Alonso (1957) et Jesús David Curbelo (1965). L’œuvre de ces trois poètes a été peu étudiée et diffusée par la critique professionnelle et académique à l’échelle nationale et internationale. Bien que nous ayons abordé des textes poétiques provenant de divers recueils de poèmes publiés par ces poètes entre les années 90 et les deux premières décennies du XXIe siècle, le choix du corpus se concentre sur les livres Synergos (2005) de R. Manzano, HymNos de R. Almanza et El lobo y el centauro (2001) de J. Curbelo. Comme cadre théorique, nous avons tout d’abord employé la théorie des influences poétiques ou des rapports intra-poétiques d’Harold Bloom. Nous avons utilisé fondamentalement les concepts d’« angoisse ou anxiété de l’influence », de « lecture erronée », de « mauvaise lecture », de « mauvaise interprétation », de « malentendu poétique », de « défense », d’« agon », de « détour », de « clinamen », de « quotients » et de « comparaisons révisionnistes ». La théorie des influences poétiques nous permet de prouver comment les « poètes postérieurs » cherchent à rivaliser avec les « poètes précurseurs » afin de les égaler ou même de dépasser leurs valeurs esthétiques. C’est précisément dans cette rivalité que résident les possibilités d’occuper une position dans le canon et pas nécessairement dans d’autres facteurs extralittéraires qui orbitent autour du texte poétique. Deuxièmement, nous avons appliqué à la théorie de Bloom sa propre thèse, car nous avons fait un « détour » de celle-ci vers des questions formelles qui n’ont pas été priorisées par l’approche de Bloom. Nous avons donc étudié si les poètes du corpus font une révision formelle sur la façon de construire le vers hispanique. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé la théorie du « vers d’accent variable » d’Oldřich Bělič. Cette théorie passe en revue les diverses systèmes de versification dans lesquelles le vers hispanique a été encadré jusqu’à aujourd’hui. À partir d’une étude comparative rigoureuse des types de versification dans douze autres langues, cette théorie propose le vers d’accent variable pour encadrer le vers hispanique. Cette recherche est complétée par trois annexes dont le but est la divulgation des valeurs de l’œuvre poétique de ces trois auteurs. La première annexe porte sur les biographies des poètes. La deuxième annexe expose un répertoire de formes métriques employées dans leurs textes poétiques. La troisième annexe est une anthologie poétique incluant les poèmes étudiés dans la thèse et ceux que nous croyons aussi représentatifs de leurs poétiques. Du point de vue méthodologique, l’observation des éléments signalant l’émulation intra-poétique comme le choix du lexique, les associations analogiques, la disposition typographique, entre autres, nous a permis d’établir par gradation à quel point ces poètes ont un potentiel pour accéder au canon, peu importe les circonstances autour du texte poétique qui leur ont empêché cet accès à travers le temps. Ainsi, cette thèse propose une restructuration du canon poétique cubain contemporain et, en conséquence, il s’agit évidemment d’une proposition contra canonique. D’autre part, l’étude de l’aspect formel sur la construction du vers nous a aussi permis d’employer la théorie révisionniste de Bloom dans un domaine plus formel de la recherche littéraire. En plus, cela nous permet de reconsidérer les bases théoriques d’au moins trois types de versification afin de comprendre de quelle façon le vers hispanique est construit. Dans les conclusions de cette étude, nous avons constaté que les poètes du corpus démontrent d’abord posséder un style clairement défini. Ils démontrent aussi une vaste et profonde maîtrise de divers types de vers, strophes et compositions avec une intention « obéissante » mais qui cherche en même temps la transgression formelle. Finalement, ils soutiennent systématiquement un étroit dialogue avec les valeurs esthétiques des poètes canoniques reconnus par la tradition des lecteurs. Ce constant échange a pour but de se placer à la hauteur des réalisations des poètes qui les ont précédés. Depuis une perspective formelle, nous avons aussi constaté que les textes poétiques étudiés sont mieux décrits à partir des concepts provenant de la théorie du vers d’accent variable. La pratique poétique de ces auteurs révise ainsi la façon dont le vers hispanique est construit. Elle contribue en même temps à la validation de la récente théorie de Bělič. L’ensemble de l’analyse formelle et non formelle nous a permis de corroborer la valeur des poétiques de ces trois auteurs et, par conséquent, cela montre à quel point le manque d’attention de la critique ne se justifie pas. Au contraire, l’étude de ces trois auteurs nous fait constater qu’il s’agit de poètes dont les œuvres poétiques atteignent un haut niveau de réalisation, ce qui leur permettra de figurer dans le canon. / The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to demonstrate the value of the poetic work of contemporary Cuban authors like Roberto Manzano Diaz (1949), Rafael Almanza Alonso (1957) and Jesus David Curbelo (1965). These three poets’ work has been poorly studied or disseminated by the professional and academic critique, both at the national and international levels. While we used poetic texts from the diverse poetry published between the nineties and the first decades of the 21st century, we focused the selection of the corpus on the poem collections Synergos (2005), by R. Manzano; HymNos (2014), by R. Almanza; and El lobo y el centauro (2001), by J. D. Curbelo. The Harold Bloom's theory of poetic influences or intra-poetic relationships was primarily used as the theoretical framework. The main concepts used were ‘anxiety of influence’, ‘poetic misreading’ or ‘creative misreading’, ‘misinterpretation’, ‘poetic misprision’, ‘defense’, ‘agon', ‘swerve’, clinamen’, ‘revisionary ratios’ and ‘revisionary comparisons’. The theory of poetic influences shows us how ‘later poets’ emulate canonical ‘precursor poets’ in order to match or exceed their aesthetic values. The possibilities to reach a place in the canon depends precisely on that emulation and not on any other factors orbiting around the poetic text. Secondly, the Bloom’s thesis was applied to his own theory, which means performing a ‘swerve’ towards formal questions not prioritized by Bloom. We then investigated whether these poets formally revise the Hispanic verse construction. The Oldřich Bělič's theory of the “verse with variable accent” was used for this purpose. Based on a thorough comparative study on the types of versification in other twelve languages, this theory inspects the different types of versification that have framed the Hispanic verse to date and proposes the verse with variable accent as a new framing type of versification. The research was completed with three appendices. The first appendix consists of a brief biography of the three studied authors; the second appendix contains an inventory of the metrical forms used by them - the inventory is open since the works are still in progress; and the third appendix consists of an anthology of their poetic texts studied within the thesis, together with other texts representatives of these three author's poetry. From a methodological standpoint, observing the elements that indicate an intra-poetic emulation like lexical selection, analogical associations and typographic arrangement, among others, has allowed us to attempt to determine the extent to which these poets have the potential to access the canon, regardless of the circumstances around the poetic text that so far have prevented them from doing it. We are thus offering to restructure the contemporary Cuban poetic canon and, consequently, to develop an evident contra-canonical proposal. On the other hand, by analyzing the formal aspect of the verse construction in these authors, we have first been able to use Bloom's revisionist theory in the formalistic approach of literary research. Furthermore, we have been able to reconsider the extent to which the use of the theoretical bases of at least three types of versification supports the analysis of the Hispanic verse construction. This research allowed us to prove that the poets of the corpus have clearly defined stylistic features. It was also proved that these poets have broad in-depth knowledge of various meters, stanzas and compositions with, at the same time, an “obedient” and transgressive intent in the use of these formal elements. Finally, these poets maintain a systematic dialog with the aesthetic values that have been recognized by the tradition of readers, whether informed or not. This continuous exchange aims at raising them to the level of achievement of the canonical poets. From a formal perspective, it was also proved that the studied poetic texts are better described from the theoretical proposal of the verse with variable accent. Hence, their poetic practices revise the fashion in which the Hispanic verse is constructed and contribute to the validation of Bělič’s theory. In conclusion, both formal and informal analysis have allowed us to ascertain the value of these authors’ poetic proposals and, therefore, the unjustifiable little or no attention given by the national and international critique. On the other hand, the study has provided the possibility to prove that these authors’ poetic works are in general finely elaborated, which supports their presence in the canon. / El objetivo de esta tesis de doctorado es demostrar el valor de las obras poéticas de los autores cubanos contemporáneos Roberto Manzano Díaz (1949), Rafael Almanza Alonso (1957) y Jesús David Curbelo (1965). Estos tres poetas han sido poco estudiados y difundidos por la crítica profesional y académica tanto nacional como internacional. Si bien utilizamos textos poéticos provenientes de diversos poemarios publicados entre los años noventa y las primeras décadas del siglo XXI por estos poetas, la selección del corpus se ha concentrado en los poemarios Synergos (2005) de R. Manzano, HymNos (2014) de R. Almanza y El lobo y el centauro (2001) de J. D. Curbelo. Como marco teórico hemos utilizado en primer lugar la teoría de las influencias poéticas o de las relaciones intra-poéticas de Harold Bloom. Nos hemos servido fundamentalmente de conceptos como “angustia o ansiedad de la influencia”, “lectura errónea”, “mala lectura”, “mala interpretación”, “equívoco poético”, “defensa”, “agon”, “desvío”, “clinamen”, “cocientes revisionistas” y “comparaciones revisoras”. La teoría de las influencias poéticas nos permite comprobar cómo los “poetas posteriores” emulan con los “poetas precursores” canónicos con el objetivo de igualar o superar sus valores estéticos. Es precisamente en esa emulación en la que residen las posibilidades de alcanzar un lugar en el canon y no en otros factores que orbitan en torno al texto poético. En segundo lugar, hemos aplicado a la teoría de Bloom su propia tesis, por lo que hemos llevado a cabo un “desvío” hacia cuestiones formales no priorizadas por Bloom. Hemos investigado por tanto si estos poetas revisan formalmente la construcción del verso español. Para ello, nos hemos valido de la teoría del “verso de acentuación variable” de Oldřich Bělič. Esta teoría pasa revista a los diferentes tipos de versificación en los que se han enmarcado el verso hispano hasta hoy y propone, a partir de un riguroso estudio comparativo con los tipos de versificación en otras doce lenguas, el verso de acentuación variable como un nuevo tipo de versificación para enmarcar el verso hispano. La investigación se complementa con tres anexos. En el primer anexo se expone una breve biografía de los tres autores estudiados; en el segundo, un inventario abierto, puesto que sus obras están aún en evolución, de formas métricas empleadas por ellos y, en el tercer anexo, una antología con sus textos poéticos estudiados en la tesis, más otros textos representativos de las poéticas de estos tres autores. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, la observación de elementos que apuntan a la emulación intra-poética como la selección del léxico, las asociaciones analógicas, la disposición tipográfica, entre otros, nos ha permitido intentar graduar hasta qué punto estos poetas cuentan con un potencial para acceder al canon, cualesquiera que sean las circunstancias en torno al texto poético que se lo han impedido hasta hoy. De ahí que nuestra proposición sea una reestructuración del canon poético cubano contemporáneo y, por consiguiente, una evidente propuesta contra-canónica. Por otra parte, el análisis del aspecto formal de la construcción del verso en estos poetas nos ha posibilitado, en primer lugar, emplear la teoría revisionista de Bloom en el sector formalista de la investigación literaria. Además, nos ha permitido volver a considerar en qué medida se justifica la utilización de las bases teóricas de al menos tres tipos de versificación en el análisis de la construcción del verso en español. Al concluir esta investigación comprobamos que los poetas del corpus tienen unos rasgos estilísticos claramente definidos. Comprobamos también que estos poetas tienen un dominio amplio y profundo de variados metros, estrofas y composiciones con una intención al mismo tiempo “obediente” y transgresora en el empleo de estos elementos formales. Finalmente, estos poetas sostienen un sistemático diálogo con los valores estéticos reconocidos por la tradición de lectores avisados o no. Este constante intercambio tiene como objetivo poder situarse a la altura de las realizaciones de los poetas canónicos. Desde la perspectiva formal, comprobamos también que los textos poéticos estudiados se describen mejor desde la propuesta teórica del verso de acentuación variable. Sus prácticas poéticas revisan así el modo en que se construye el verso español y contribuyen a la validación de la teoría de Bělič. En conclusión, tanto el análisis formal como el no formal nos han permitido comprobar el valor de las propuestas poéticas de estos autores y, por lo tanto, lo injustificado de la poca o ninguna atención por parte de la crítica nacional e internacional. Al contrario, el estudio de sus obras nos ha posibilitado comprobar que se trata de autores cuyas obras poéticas gozan de modo general de una excelente factura, lo que los avala para prevalecer en el canon.

William Shakespeare’s (1564-1616) theatrical work The Tempest was first performed in 1611 at the court of James I. Since the XVII century until today this work of art has travelled the world and has been (re)interpreted from the perspective of multiple ideologies. This thesis seeks to understand the representations and uses that Caliban has had in different spaces and historical moments. The anti-colonial interpretations of Roberto Fernández Retamar authorize us to read metaphorically the current socio-political situation of Latin immigrants in the United States through the perspective of The Tempest. The first chapter of this thesis studies and critically analyzes the way in which the character Caliban is negatively constructed. This chapter concludes that many of the critics that are cited base their interpretations of Caliban not necessarily on textual evidence but rather on their own colonial and oppressive ideologies. To illustrate this tension I present a detailed analysis of the supposed rape of Miranda by Caliban, I analyze Caliban’s poetic voice and give historical context of the theatrical work’s production and its critical reception by the European literary tradition. The second chapter seeks to present an ideological and analytic counterpoint to this European tradition. This chapter presents the anti-colonial project of Roberto Fernández Retamar who throughout his many essays on Caliban turned this character into a symbol of Latin-American and revolutionary identity. In this section I study the evolution of Fernández Retamar’s thinking through his many essays on Caliban. To understand the importance of his literary reinterpretation I analyze the Cuban historical context of the 60’s and 70’s while paying particular attention to the controversies surrounding the “Padilla affair”. The third chapter applies a metaphorical historic reading of contemporary Latin communities in the United States using the characters of The Tempest. This chapter seeks to centralize the importance of the feminine voice in this theatrical work by combating the supposed silence of Sycorax, Caliban’s mother. In this section I do a detailed textual study to demonstrate that Sycorax, even though she has no lines of her own, is an important character in the play and can be seen as a correction to a long masculinist trajectory that has silenced the importance of women in colonial literature. This last chapter seeks to synthesize the analyzing and theorizing of literature, the studying of social movements in Massachusetts and the political and social status of Latin people using Sycorax + Caliban as an identity metaphor.

Esta tesis estudia la obra de los Cuatro Grandes del Cusco –Juan de Dios Aguirre, Baltazar Zegarra Pezo, Francisco González Gamara y Roberto Ojeda Campana– a través del análisis semiológico tripartito (neutro, poiético y estésico) y el estudio del contexto sociocultural del Perú y el Cusco de finales del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del siglo XX, con la finalidad de comprobar la hipótesis de que la incorporación de elementos tradicionales en la obra de estos autores contribuyó a la creación de un movimiento de carácter nacionalista pero de alcance regional. En el primer capítulo se sintetizó el panorama músical del Perú; y se profundizó en el estudio de la realidad musical cusqueña de la primera década del siglo XX, los espacios que compartieron estos músicos, sus biografías y su obra. En el segundo, se aplicó el análisis paradigmático de Ruwet y la teoría de valores estéticos propuestos por Lewis Rowell para el desarrollo del análisis semiológico / This thesis studies the work of the Great Four of Cusco –Juan de Dios Aguirre, Baltazar Zegarra Pezo, Francisco González Gamara y Roberto Ojeda Campana– through tripartite semiological analysis (neutral, poietic and esthesic) and the study of sociocultural context of Peru and Cusco in the late nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth century, in order to explore the hypothesis that the incorporation of traditional elements in the work of these composers promoted the appearance of a nationalist movement in the region. In the first chapter, the musical panorama in Peru is summarized, followed by an in-depth study of Cusco's musical context during the first decade of the twentieth century, including the spaces shared by these musicians, their biographies and their work. The second chapter presents semiological analyses which were informed by Ruwet's paradigmatic analysis and Lewis Rowell's theory of aesthetic values.

Whereas contemporary debates in Latin American studies addressing sovereignty often focus on dictatorships and the transitions to democratic governments in Latin America in the late twentieth century, Sovereignties Displaced: Avant-Garde Prose and Authoritarianism in Spain, Chile, and Argentina (1923-1936) adopts a transatlantic framework and directs critical attention to the cultural production of the interwar period. The historical and cultural events preceding and following 1929 are connected to World War I, the political crisis of democratic systems, and the global socioeconomic instability of the period. The three countries studied in the present work would be affected by these conditions, sharing an almost synchronic development of the authoritarian governments of Miguel Primo de Rivera in Spain (1923-1930), of Carlos Ibáñez del Campo in Chile (1927-1931), and José Félix Uriburu in Argentina (1930-1932). Additionally, the rise of authoritarianism and the decay of parliamentary institutions characterizing this epoch condition and inscribe the political essays and avant-garde novels composed by the intellectuals and writers analyzed in this study: from Spain, María Zambrano (1904-1991), Ramón Gómez de la Serna (1888-1963), and Benjamín Jarnés (1888-1949); from Chile, Alberto Edwards Vives (1874-1932), Juan Emar (1893-1964), and Vicente Huidobro (1893-1948); and from Argentina, Ramón Doll (1896-1970), Norah Lange (1905-1972), and Roberto Arlt (1900-1942). It should be noted that while considering national circumstances, my argumentation is divided into sections organized not by country, but rather by subject matter: a methodological and theoretical introduction, three analytical chapters, and concluding remarks. Established critical assessments of the avant-gardes, as offered by experts like Renato Poggioli (1907-1963), have underscored that democratic forms of government would provide the initial conditions of possibility of the historical avant-gardes. Other scholars, however, have recognized the interdependency of early twentieth century artistic discourses, revolutionary ideas, and authoritarianism. Informed by the theorization of sovereignty and democracy of Jacques Derrida (1930-2004), and the concept of community of Roberto Esposito (1950-), my research examines, in political essays and vanguard novels, the opposition of individual vis-à-vis collective forms of rule. The texts of my corpus manifest a recurrent concern relating to the tension between self-rule and collective-rule, a dynamic which organizes and destabilizes avant-garde formations themselves. Consequently, I analyze the philosophical and political ramifications of these authors’ defense, negation, or destabilization of the individual-collective opposition in the context of the deterioration of parliamentarism. In my first chapter, I examine the following essays that represent a range of political positions from the interwar years: Horizonte del liberalismo (1930) by María Zambrano, Liberalismo en la literatura y la política (Con una segunda edición de: “Democracia mal menor”) (1934, n/d) by Ramón Doll, and La fronda aristocrática en Chile (1928) by Alberto Edwards Vives. Framed by the sociological assessments of José Ortega y Gasset in La rebelión de las masas (1930), this chapter considers these essayists’ observations regarding mass politics and the role of political and economic elites. I foreground the ethical problems relating to these authors’ conceptions of the human subject and their concomitant formulations of governance, deriving from various ideological orientations. The essayists’ comparable anxieties regarding the limits of democratic politics reveal the complexities of the period and serve as a springboard for the subsequent chapters that study the politics of avant-garde novels. In my second chapter, shifting from essayistic discourse to vanguard fiction, I analyze philosophical oppositions central to the configuration of sovereignty, and to the theory and practice of democracy. These tensions organize various components of the following novels: Un año (1935) by Juan Emar (pseudonym of Álvaro Yáñez Bianchi), 45 días y 30 marineros (1933) by Norah Lange, and El caballero del hongo gris (1928) by Ramón Gómez de la Serna. I demonstrate that, although these narratives do not contain explicit references to the emergence of authoritarianism and the erosion of parliamentarism of the period, these narratives are structured by problems that have implications for a thinking of issues relating to sovereignty and democracy. These novels similarly present how individuals interact with groups, such that it becomes imperative to consider the political consequences of these relations in order to critique, for example, fraternalistic and nationalistic notions of political filiation. My final chapter studies the narrative presentations of radical political projects that aim to restructure society in Los siete locos (1929) by Roberto Arlt, La próxima (1934) by Vicente Huidobro, and Lo rojo y lo azul (1932) by Benjamín Jarnés. In contrast to the narratives included in the second chapter, these avant-garde novels establish an explicit dialogue with the conditions of crisis of the interwar years. From insurrections and utopian settlements, to revolutionary military revolts, these narrations depict small vanguard groups that propose various plots that seek to radically reshape the social order. Even though poetry is often positioned as the paradigmatic form of vanguard literary expression, my research theorizes the understudied phenomenon of Hispanic avant-garde prose. In particular, I account for the variation among avant-garde novels of the period, by sustaining that there are gradations of vanguard narrative depending on different factors that range from the transparency or opacity of linguistic expression, to the organization of the narrative material. In this sense, some novels considered vanguardist, while approaching a certain radicality in terms of language and form, may incorporate elements of the realist-naturalist novelistic tradition. Likewise, I assert the importance of attending to the varied uses of meta-reflexive procedures in Hispanic vanguard prose. Given their implicit and explicit interaction with contemporary historical conditions and political and artistic discourses of the 1920s and 1930s, I contend that the essays and avant-garde novels analyzed offer a fertile ground to examine the nature of sovereignty, while also presenting, in some crucial instances, potential images of what a democracy worthy of this name could look like. / Spanish

Cette thèse analyse les films de guerre de fiction produits dans l’Italie fasciste de 1935 à 1943, de la Guerre d’Ethiopie à la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Elle démontre que le genre de guerre fonctionne comme un laboratoire pour l’entreprise de révolution anthropologique de l’Italie, inhérente à l’expérience totalitaire fasciste. Ce modèle cinématographique et social est en effet célébré comme devant s’étendre à l’ensemble du monde cinématographique italien, et ses caractéristiques à l’écran sont censées fournir l’image d’une société fasciste idéale.Après avoir analysé la mise en place du film de guerre italien dans ses discours, ses institutions et ses circulations internationales, ce travail examine les réponses de la production cinématographique. Il se clôt sur la perception du genre de guerre, ses spectateurs, sa réception et sa publicité. Il montre que les films de guerre de la période forment un lieu où coexistent de nombreux objectifs servant des groupes variés. Reposant en grande partie sur des archives d’Etat et de cinéastes, ce travail se concentre sur des études de cas de producteurs (Scalera, Bassoli Film), de réalisateurs (Goffredo Alessandrini, Mario Camerini, Francesco De Robertis, Augusto Genina, Romolo Marcellini, Roberto Rossellini), de scénaristes (Asvero Gravelli, Gian Gaspare Napolitano) et de réception de films particuliers. Cette étude des réponses multiples aux demandes d’un système totalitaire en formation dans le champ cinématographique entend contribuer au débat historiographique sur l’adhésion populaire au fascisme, en en élargissant les paramètres. En outre, bien que le genre joue un rôle central dans le développement de l’industrie cinématographique nationale, ce travail démontre cependant la nécessité d’interpréter ces films en termes transnationaux et non comme simples produits politiques et nationaux. / This thesis analyses the fictional war films produced in Fascist Italy from 1935 to 1943, from the Ethiopian war to the end of WWII. It argues that this genre functioned as a laboratory for the anthropological renewal of Italy in the Fascist totalitarian experiment. Fascist critics celebrated it as a cinematic and social model that had to be applied to the whole Italian film world, and whose on-screen features were to become the mirror image of an ideal Fascist society. After tracing the foundations of the Italian war film genre (critical debates, international circulation), the thesis interrogates the positioning of film professionals in relation to Fascist cultural policies. Lastly, it redefines the genre in terms of its interactions with Italian viewers and through advertisement. This thesis shows that war films of the period constitute a contested site serving multiple purposes for multiple groups. Relying primarily on archival material from Italy’s state archives and filmmakers’ private papers, this work presents several case studies of producers (Scalera, Bassoli Film), directors (Goffredo Alessandrini, Mario Camerini, Francesco De Robertis Augusto Genina, Romolo Marcellini, Roberto Rossellini), screenwriters (Asvero Gravelli, Gian Gaspare Napolitano) and reception of specific films. A study of the multiple responses to the demands of an aspiring totalitarian system, both from the point of view of film consumption and filmmaking, contributes to the historiographical debate on Fascism by broadening the parameters of the longstanding debate on popular consent for the regime. In addition, this work demonstrates the need to interpret these films in a transnational perspective and not as mere political and national products.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a análise de obras da arquitetura moderna brasileira de base carioca, construídas em concreto armado no período compreendido entre 1935 e 1960. É inegável que a construção teve destaque entre os vários componentes que levaram a arquitetura moderna brasileira ao reconhecimento internacional. Dentro do período citado, o Brasil figurou como líder do universo da arquitetura moderna, onde a exploração da plasticidade potencial do concreto armado foi aplicada com grande êxito. As soluções adotadas pelos arquitetos brasileiros tiveram grande repercussão, a começar pelo edifício da Associação Brasileira de Imprensa dos Irmão Roberto da sede do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública (hoje conhecido como Palácio Gustavo Capanema) que deixaram perplexos arquitetos do mundo inteiro. Marcos da nova arquitetura no país, estes exemplares foram objeto de inovações expressivas e bem-sucedidas também no seu projeto estrutural. Para se fazer a análise das construções brasileiras, é importante estudar as origens do concreto armado e suas aplicações desde o seu surgimento, passando pela descrição de patentes registradas (ou apenas estudadas) na Europa e Estados Unidos, sem esquecer de precisar nomes e datas, fundamentais para substanciar a reivindicação de influências e precedências. Em um segundo momento, estuda-se a chegada do concreto armado no Brasil, e as obras iniciais, além de registrar as primeiras construtoras e a elaboração das primeiras normas. Nos anos 30 o concreto armado é agente da verticalização e da indústria da construção civil, domínio este comprovado através de dados técnicos e sócio-econômicos. A última parte está dedicada para a análise das obras, onde Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto e Oscar Niemeyer são os autores dos projetos. Analisados sob o aspecto de sua concepção estrutural e construtiva, os exemplares são divididos em categorias e dentro destas ordenados por cronologia de projeto e execução, onde são apresentados além do texto escrito, ilustrações das obras em andamento, finalizadas e desenhos originais e/ou elaborados por este autor, através de levantamento ou pesquisa. / The purpose of this essay is the analysis of works of the Brazihan modem architecture with carioca base, built in reinforced concrete in the period between 1935 and 1960. It is undeniable that the construction had prominence among the several components that took the Brazihan modem architecture to the international recognition. Inside of the mentioned period, Brazil represented as leader of the universe of the modem architecture, where the exploration of the potential plasticity of the reinforced concrete was applied with great success. The solutions adopted by the Brazihan architects they had great repercussion, to begin for the building of the Brazilian Association of Press of the MMM Roberto of the headquarters of Ministry of Education and Pubhc Health (known as Palácio Gustavo Capanema) that left perplexed architects of the whole world. Signal of the new architecture in the country, these copies were object of expressive and successful innovations in your structural project. To do the analysis of the Brazilian constructions, it is important to study the origins of the reinforced concrete and your applications from your appearance, going by the description of registered patents (or just studied) in Europe and United States, without forgetting of needing names and dates, fundamental to nourish the revindication of influences and precedences. In a second moment, it is studied the arrival of the reinforced concrete in Brazil, and the initial works, besides registering the first builders and the elaboration of the first norms. In the thirties the armed concrete is agent of the verticalization and of the industry of the building site, domain this proven through data technicians and socioeconomic. The last part is dedicated for the analysis of the works, where Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto and Oscar Niemeyer are the authors of the projects. Analyzed under the aspect of your structural and constructive conception, the copies are divided in categories and inside of these ordered by project chronology and execution, where they are presented besides the written text, illustrations of the works in process, concluded and drawings original or elaborated by this author, through rising or researches.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a análise de obras da arquitetura moderna brasileira de base carioca, construídas em concreto armado no período compreendido entre 1935 e 1960. É inegável que a construção teve destaque entre os vários componentes que levaram a arquitetura moderna brasileira ao reconhecimento internacional. Dentro do período citado, o Brasil figurou como líder do universo da arquitetura moderna, onde a exploração da plasticidade potencial do concreto armado foi aplicada com grande êxito. As soluções adotadas pelos arquitetos brasileiros tiveram grande repercussão, a começar pelo edifício da Associação Brasileira de Imprensa dos Irmão Roberto da sede do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública (hoje conhecido como Palácio Gustavo Capanema) que deixaram perplexos arquitetos do mundo inteiro. Marcos da nova arquitetura no país, estes exemplares foram objeto de inovações expressivas e bem-sucedidas também no seu projeto estrutural. Para se fazer a análise das construções brasileiras, é importante estudar as origens do concreto armado e suas aplicações desde o seu surgimento, passando pela descrição de patentes registradas (ou apenas estudadas) na Europa e Estados Unidos, sem esquecer de precisar nomes e datas, fundamentais para substanciar a reivindicação de influências e precedências. Em um segundo momento, estuda-se a chegada do concreto armado no Brasil, e as obras iniciais, além de registrar as primeiras construtoras e a elaboração das primeiras normas. Nos anos 30 o concreto armado é agente da verticalização e da indústria da construção civil, domínio este comprovado através de dados técnicos e sócio-econômicos. A última parte está dedicada para a análise das obras, onde Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto e Oscar Niemeyer são os autores dos projetos. Analisados sob o aspecto de sua concepção estrutural e construtiva, os exemplares são divididos em categorias e dentro destas ordenados por cronologia de projeto e execução, onde são apresentados além do texto escrito, ilustrações das obras em andamento, finalizadas e desenhos originais e/ou elaborados por este autor, através de levantamento ou pesquisa. / The purpose of this essay is the analysis of works of the Brazihan modem architecture with carioca base, built in reinforced concrete in the period between 1935 and 1960. It is undeniable that the construction had prominence among the several components that took the Brazihan modem architecture to the international recognition. Inside of the mentioned period, Brazil represented as leader of the universe of the modem architecture, where the exploration of the potential plasticity of the reinforced concrete was applied with great success. The solutions adopted by the Brazihan architects they had great repercussion, to begin for the building of the Brazilian Association of Press of the MMM Roberto of the headquarters of Ministry of Education and Pubhc Health (known as Palácio Gustavo Capanema) that left perplexed architects of the whole world. Signal of the new architecture in the country, these copies were object of expressive and successful innovations in your structural project. To do the analysis of the Brazilian constructions, it is important to study the origins of the reinforced concrete and your applications from your appearance, going by the description of registered patents (or just studied) in Europe and United States, without forgetting of needing names and dates, fundamental to nourish the revindication of influences and precedences. In a second moment, it is studied the arrival of the reinforced concrete in Brazil, and the initial works, besides registering the first builders and the elaboration of the first norms. In the thirties the armed concrete is agent of the verticalization and of the industry of the building site, domain this proven through data technicians and socioeconomic. The last part is dedicated for the analysis of the works, where Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto and Oscar Niemeyer are the authors of the projects. Analyzed under the aspect of your structural and constructive conception, the copies are divided in categories and inside of these ordered by project chronology and execution, where they are presented besides the written text, illustrations of the works in process, concluded and drawings original or elaborated by this author, through rising or researches.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a análise de obras da arquitetura moderna brasileira de base carioca, construídas em concreto armado no período compreendido entre 1935 e 1960. É inegável que a construção teve destaque entre os vários componentes que levaram a arquitetura moderna brasileira ao reconhecimento internacional. Dentro do período citado, o Brasil figurou como líder do universo da arquitetura moderna, onde a exploração da plasticidade potencial do concreto armado foi aplicada com grande êxito. As soluções adotadas pelos arquitetos brasileiros tiveram grande repercussão, a começar pelo edifício da Associação Brasileira de Imprensa dos Irmão Roberto da sede do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública (hoje conhecido como Palácio Gustavo Capanema) que deixaram perplexos arquitetos do mundo inteiro. Marcos da nova arquitetura no país, estes exemplares foram objeto de inovações expressivas e bem-sucedidas também no seu projeto estrutural. Para se fazer a análise das construções brasileiras, é importante estudar as origens do concreto armado e suas aplicações desde o seu surgimento, passando pela descrição de patentes registradas (ou apenas estudadas) na Europa e Estados Unidos, sem esquecer de precisar nomes e datas, fundamentais para substanciar a reivindicação de influências e precedências. Em um segundo momento, estuda-se a chegada do concreto armado no Brasil, e as obras iniciais, além de registrar as primeiras construtoras e a elaboração das primeiras normas. Nos anos 30 o concreto armado é agente da verticalização e da indústria da construção civil, domínio este comprovado através de dados técnicos e sócio-econômicos. A última parte está dedicada para a análise das obras, onde Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto e Oscar Niemeyer são os autores dos projetos. Analisados sob o aspecto de sua concepção estrutural e construtiva, os exemplares são divididos em categorias e dentro destas ordenados por cronologia de projeto e execução, onde são apresentados além do texto escrito, ilustrações das obras em andamento, finalizadas e desenhos originais e/ou elaborados por este autor, através de levantamento ou pesquisa. / The purpose of this essay is the analysis of works of the Brazihan modem architecture with carioca base, built in reinforced concrete in the period between 1935 and 1960. It is undeniable that the construction had prominence among the several components that took the Brazihan modem architecture to the international recognition. Inside of the mentioned period, Brazil represented as leader of the universe of the modem architecture, where the exploration of the potential plasticity of the reinforced concrete was applied with great success. The solutions adopted by the Brazihan architects they had great repercussion, to begin for the building of the Brazilian Association of Press of the MMM Roberto of the headquarters of Ministry of Education and Pubhc Health (known as Palácio Gustavo Capanema) that left perplexed architects of the whole world. Signal of the new architecture in the country, these copies were object of expressive and successful innovations in your structural project. To do the analysis of the Brazilian constructions, it is important to study the origins of the reinforced concrete and your applications from your appearance, going by the description of registered patents (or just studied) in Europe and United States, without forgetting of needing names and dates, fundamental to nourish the revindication of influences and precedences. In a second moment, it is studied the arrival of the reinforced concrete in Brazil, and the initial works, besides registering the first builders and the elaboration of the first norms. In the thirties the armed concrete is agent of the verticalization and of the industry of the building site, domain this proven through data technicians and socioeconomic. The last part is dedicated for the analysis of the works, where Affonso Eduardo Reidy, Álvaro Vital Brasil, Lúcio Costa, MMM Roberto and Oscar Niemeyer are the authors of the projects. Analyzed under the aspect of your structural and constructive conception, the copies are divided in categories and inside of these ordered by project chronology and execution, where they are presented besides the written text, illustrations of the works in process, concluded and drawings original or elaborated by this author, through rising or researches.