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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Cosmologia inflacionária e o problema da medida

SANTOS, Fábio Magalhães de Novaes 31 January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:05:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo577_1.pdf: 3475189 bytes, checksum: 05c1943b3c5a1d5f1e44faecc54366cd (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / No século XX, a cosmologia deixou o campo da metafísica para ser consolidada como um ramo da ciência teórica e experimental. Nos últimos anos tem sido observado um grande avanço no importante aparato observacional da cosmologia tornando possível sondar eventos físicos que ocorreram a cerca de 13 bilhões de anos, supostamente ocorridos próximos à singularidade inicial conhecida como Big Bang. Entretanto, muitos mistérios permanecem esperando para ser resolvidos neste novo e promissor século. Entre eles estão as questões da formação de estruturas cosmológicas e das flutuações de densidade na radiação cósmica de fundo (CMB). A solução mais popular parece ser a chamada inflação cosmológica, a ideia de que um período de expansão acelerada ocorrido cerca de 10��43 s após o início do Universo poderia explicar as condições iniciais do Big Bang e o espectro da CMB. Neste trabalho, analisamos a generalidade do modelo mais simples e mais usado na literatura, o modelo f-FRW, e suas propriedades no espaço de fase da teoria. A ação estudada consiste na de Einstein-Hilbert onde supomos uma métrica do tipo Robertson-Walker acoplada com um campo escalar f e um potencial arbitrário V(f). Aplicamos a equação de Wheeler-DeWitt no modelo f-FRW e, então, propomos uma medida quântica no espaço de fase modificada pelo princípio holográfico de forma a contar heuristicamente a degenerescência proveniente dos graus de liberdade quânticos da gravitação
2

Estudi de l'estabilitat lineal de l'equació d'Einstein en els models de Robertson-Walker

Bruna Floris, Lluís 22 December 2004 (has links)
No description available.
3

Aspects of spatially homogeneous and isotropic cosmology

Isaksson, Mikael January 2011 (has links)
In this thesis, after a general introduction, we first review some differential geometry to provide the mathematical background needed to derive the key equations in cosmology. Then we consider the Robertson-Walker geometry and its relationship to cosmography, i.e., how one makes measurements in cosmology. We finally connect the Robertson-Walker geometry to Einstein's field equation to obtain so-called cosmological Friedmann-Lemaître models. These models are subsequently studied by means of potential diagrams.
4

Solu??es cosmol?gicas e locais para uma eletrodin?mica modificada

C?mara Neto, Calistrato Soares da 07 November 2001 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:15:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CalistratoSCN.pdf: 479133 bytes, checksum: 26f581ebc6e3cf1ced0922a5e989272c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001-11-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The present work investigates some consequences that arise from the use of a modifed lagrangean for the eletromagnetic feld in two diferent contexts: a spatially homogeneous and isotropic universe whose dynamics is driven by a magnetic feld plus a cosmological parameter A, and the problem of a static and charged point mass (charged black hole). In the cosmological case, three diferent general solutions were derived. The first, with a null cosmological parameter A, generalizes a particular solution obtained by Novello et al [gr-qc/9806076]. The second one admits a constant A and the third one allows A to be a time-dependent parameter that sustains a constant magnetic feld. The first two solutions are non-singular and exhibit in ationary periods. The third case studied shows an in ationary dynamics except for a short period of time. As for the problem of a charged point mass, the solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations are obtained and compared with the standard Reissner-Nordstrom solution. Contrary to what happens in the cosmological case, the physical singularity is not removed / No presente trabalho s?o investigadas algumas conseq??ncias da utiliza??o de uma nova lagrangeana para a eletrodin?mica em dois contextos: um universo espacialmente homog?neo e isotr?pico com campo magn?tico mais um par?metro cosmol?gico A e o problema da massa puntual caregada e est?tica (buraco negro carregado). No caso cosmol?gico, foram obtidas tr?s solu??es gerais: a primeira delas, para A=0, generaliza uma solu??o particular obrida por Novello et al [gr-qc/9806076]; a segunda admite um par?metro cosmol?gico constante e n?o-nulo e a terceira corresponde a um campo magn?tico constante sustentado por um A dependente do tempo. As duas primeiras solu??es s?o n?o-singulares e possuem per?odos inflacion?rios. A terceira solu??o apresenta uma din?mica inflacion?ria exceto por um curto intervalo de tempo. No contexto do problema da massa puntual carregada, a solu??o das equa??es de Einstein-Maxwell ? obtida e comparada com a solu??o padr?o de Reissner-Nordstr?m. Ao contr?rio do caso cosmol?gico, a singularidade f?isica n?o ? removida
5

Generalized EMP and Nonlinear Schrodinger-type Reformulations of Some Scaler Field Cosmological Models

D'Ambroise, Jennie 01 May 2010 (has links)
We show that Einstein’s gravitational field equations for the Friedmann- Robertson-Lemaître-Walker (FRLW) and for two conformal versions of the Bianchi I and Bianchi V perfect fluid scalar field cosmological models, can be equivalently reformulated in terms of a single equation of either generalized Ermakov-Milne- Pinney (EMP) or (non)linear Schrödinger (NLS) type. This work generalizes or presents an alternative to similar reformulations published by the authors who inspired this thesis: R. Hawkins, J. Lidsey, T. Christodoulakis, T. Grammenos, C. Helias, P. Kevrekidis, G. Papadopoulos and F.Williams. In particular we cast much of these authors’ works into a single framework via straightforward derivations of the EMP and NLS equations from a simple linear combination of the relevant Einstein equations. By rewriting the resulting expression in terms of the volume expansion factor and performing a change of variables, we obtain an uncoupled EMP or NLS equation that is independent of the imposition of additional conservation equations. Since the correspondences shown here present an alternative route for obtaining exact solutions to Einstein’s equations, we reconstruct many known exact solutions via their EMP or NLS counterparts and show by numerical analysis the stability properties of many solutions.

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