The life of the controversial Irish nationalist Roger David Casement, who was sentenced to death for high treason by the British Crown, has inspired writers to produce works of various literary genres: prose, poetry, drama and critical essays. This doctoral dissertation aims to investigate, under the light of trauma theory as suggested chiefly, but not solely by Cathy Caruth, Ron Eyerman and Dominick La Capra, the ways in which the figure of Roger Casement can be associated with traumatic events that have sealed Anglo-Irish relations. Thus, I have selected works that deal with Casements Life as he acts both for and against the trauma inflicted by imperialism respectively as a Victorian hero in Arthur Conan Doyles The Lost World (1912) and as an oblique presence in the 1916 Easter Rebellion in Jamie ONeills At Swim, Two Boys (2001); the trauma surrounding his Trial and the discovery of the homosexual Black Diaries that culminated in his hanging through his representation as a whole man in Mario Vargas Llosas The Dream of the Celt and in Patrick Masons The Dreaming of Roger Casement (2010); and finally, the trauma that persists unresolved in his Afterlife, as a ghost in David Rudkins Cries from Casement as his Bones are Brought to Dublin and as traumatic memory in the Annabel Davis-Goffs The Foxs Walk. As a result, we have found that the representation of Roger Casement in these works, although in various ways, is a metaphor for the traumatic process itself: an embodiment of the disjunction of temporality, [and] the surfacing of the past in the presente (Whitehead) as his presence continues to haunt the story of the transatlantic world. / A vida do controverso nacionalista irlandês Roger David Casement, condenado à morte por alta traição pela Coroa Britânica, inspirou a escrita obras de diversos gêneros literários: prosa, poesia, teatro e ensaios críticos. Esta tese de doutorado tem como objetivo investigar, sob a luz da teoria do trauma, tal como sugerido principalmente, mas não exclusivamente por Cathy Caruth, Ron Eyerman e Dominick La Capra, diferentes maneiras pelas quais a figura de Roger Casement pode ser associada a eventos traumáticos que selaram as relações Anglo-irlandesas. Dessa forma, foram selecionados trabalhos que lidam com a Vida de Casement, como ele age a favor e contra o trauma causado pelo imperialismo como herói vitoriano em The Lost World (1910) de Arthur Conan Doyle e como uma presença oblíqua na Revolta da Páscoa de 1916 em At Swim, Two Boys de (2001) Jamie ONeill; o trauma em torno de seu Julgamento e da descoberta dos Black Diaries que o levaram à forca por meio de sua representação como um homem completo em The Dream of the Celt (2012) de Mario Vargas Llosa e em The Dreaming of Roger Casement (2012) de Patrick Mason e, finalmente, o trauma não resolvido que persiste em sua Vida após a Morte, como um fantasma em Cries from Casement as his Bones are Brought to Dublin (1973) e como memória traumática em The Foxs Walk de Annabel Davis-Goff. Verificamos que as representações de Roger Casement nessas obras, ainda que de formas distintas, representam uma metáfora do processo traumático em si: Uma personificação da disjunção da temporalidade, [e] o surgimento do passado no presente (Whitehead), visto que sua presença continua a assombrar a história do mundo transatlântico.

The life of the controversial Irish nationalist Roger David Casement, who was sentenced to death for high treason by the British Crown, has inspired writers to produce works of various literary genres: prose, poetry, drama and critical essays. This doctoral dissertation aims to investigate, under the light of trauma theory as suggested chiefly, but not solely by Cathy Caruth, Ron Eyerman and Dominick La Capra, the ways in which the figure of Roger Casement can be associated with traumatic events that have sealed Anglo-Irish relations. Thus, I have selected works that deal with Casements Life as he acts both for and against the trauma inflicted by imperialism respectively as a Victorian hero in Arthur Conan Doyles The Lost World (1912) and as an oblique presence in the 1916 Easter Rebellion in Jamie ONeills At Swim, Two Boys (2001); the trauma surrounding his Trial and the discovery of the homosexual Black Diaries that culminated in his hanging through his representation as a whole man in Mario Vargas Llosas The Dream of the Celt and in Patrick Masons The Dreaming of Roger Casement (2010); and finally, the trauma that persists unresolved in his Afterlife, as a ghost in David Rudkins Cries from Casement as his Bones are Brought to Dublin and as traumatic memory in the Annabel Davis-Goffs The Foxs Walk. As a result, we have found that the representation of Roger Casement in these works, although in various ways, is a metaphor for the traumatic process itself: an embodiment of the disjunction of temporality, [and] the surfacing of the past in the presente (Whitehead) as his presence continues to haunt the story of the transatlantic world. / A vida do controverso nacionalista irlandês Roger David Casement, condenado à morte por alta traição pela Coroa Britânica, inspirou a escrita obras de diversos gêneros literários: prosa, poesia, teatro e ensaios críticos. Esta tese de doutorado tem como objetivo investigar, sob a luz da teoria do trauma, tal como sugerido principalmente, mas não exclusivamente por Cathy Caruth, Ron Eyerman e Dominick La Capra, diferentes maneiras pelas quais a figura de Roger Casement pode ser associada a eventos traumáticos que selaram as relações Anglo-irlandesas. Dessa forma, foram selecionados trabalhos que lidam com a Vida de Casement, como ele age a favor e contra o trauma causado pelo imperialismo como herói vitoriano em The Lost World (1910) de Arthur Conan Doyle e como uma presença oblíqua na Revolta da Páscoa de 1916 em At Swim, Two Boys de (2001) Jamie ONeill; o trauma em torno de seu Julgamento e da descoberta dos Black Diaries que o levaram à forca por meio de sua representação como um homem completo em The Dream of the Celt (2012) de Mario Vargas Llosa e em The Dreaming of Roger Casement (2012) de Patrick Mason e, finalmente, o trauma não resolvido que persiste em sua Vida após a Morte, como um fantasma em Cries from Casement as his Bones are Brought to Dublin (1973) e como memória traumática em The Foxs Walk de Annabel Davis-Goff. Verificamos que as representações de Roger Casement nessas obras, ainda que de formas distintas, representam uma metáfora do processo traumático em si: Uma personificação da disjunção da temporalidade, [e] o surgimento do passado no presente (Whitehead), visto que sua presença continua a assombrar a história do mundo transatlântico.

Ethnographic collections in western museums such as the Royal Albert Memorial Museum (RAMM) carry many meanings, but by definition, they represent an intercultural encounter. This history of this encounter is often lost, overlooked, or obscured, and yet it has bearing on how the objects in the collection have been interpreted and understood. This thesis uncovers the hidden history of one particular collection in the RAMM and examines the multiple meanings that have been attributed to the objects in the collection over time. The Richard Dennett Collection was made in Africa in the years when European powers began to colonise the Congo basin. Richard Edward Dennett (1857-1921) worked as a trader in the Lower Congo between 1879 and 1902. The collection was accessioned by the RAMM in 1889. The research contextualises the collection by making a close analysis of primary source material which was produced by the collector and by his contemporaries, and includes publications, correspondence, photographs and illustrations which have been studied in museums and archives in Europe and North America. Dennett was personally involved with key events in the colonial history of this part of Africa but he also studied the indigenous BaKongo community, recording his observations about their political and material culture. As a result he became involved in the institutions of anthropology and folklore in Britain which were attempting to explain, classify and interpret such cultures. Through examining Dennett’s history this research has been able to explore the Congo context, the indigenous society, and those European institutions which collected and interpreted BaKongo collections. The research has added considerably to the museum’s knowledge about this collection and its collector, and the study responds to the practical imperative implicit in a Collaborative Doctoral Project, by proposing a small temporary exhibition in the RAMM to explore these histories and meanings. In making this proposal the research considers the current curatorial debate concerning responsible approaches to colonial collections, and assesses some of the strategies that are being employed in museums today.

This dissertation asserts that the tortuous relationship Spanish American literature had with cosmopolitanism since the Wars of Independence reached a turning point towards the end of the second half of the twentieth century. While the literary production of the nineteenth and most of the twentieth century was centred on the Spanish American nation and the continent, contemporary literature has become increasingly deterritorialized, and has begun to present narrative worlds and discuss issues that transcend this circumscribed universe. The discerning of this articulation of global issues in contemporary literature – which I contend is predicated on the concept of cosmopolitanism – is the primary objective of this investigation. The five novels examined here are Elena Poniatowska’s La “Flor de Lis” (1988), Mario Vargas Llosa’s El Paraíso en la otra esquina (2003) and El sueño del celta (2010), and Jorge Volpi’s El fin de la locura (2003) and No será la Tierra (2006). This study aims to describe and assess an evolving perspective on the treatment of cosmopolitanism in Spanish America. I trace the shift from the previous generations’ main preoccupation with aesthetic cosmopolitanism, which sought to engage Latin American literary discourse with the Western canon, to what I identify as the current political implication of the concept. To this end, I show that whereas mid-twentieth century authors displaced cosmopolitanism in favour of more politically expedient concepts, authors now plot it in their novels as a means of discussing issues of identity and citizenship in an increasingly globalized world.