The main purpose of this research is to investigate the supervision behaviors , role stress and task performance with different personality traits of workers in hospitals. The effects on subordinate¡¦s task performance from different supervision behaviors are explored. In this study , there are 210 effective questionnaires from four hospitals. The main findings of the empirical study are as follow: 1. The higher role stress of the subordinate suffer , the lower task performance they show; the two variables show negative correlation. 2. The higher perceptions employees have toward the supervision behaviors, the higher task performance they show; the two variables show positive correlation. 3. The higher perceptions employees have toward the supervision behaviors, the lower role stress they suffer; the two variables show negative correlation. 4. The study proved that role stress is the medium factor between supervision behaviors and task performance. Key word: supervision behaviors, role stress, role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, task performance.

The purpose of this study was to explore the current conditions of personality traits, role stress and job satisfaction of the general affairs personnel at junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City, and to analyze if there was any relationship among them. The study was conducted by means of questionnaire survey with ¡§Questionnaire on Personality Traits, Role Stress and Job Satisfaction of the General Affairs Personnel at Junior High Schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City.¡¨ 215 general affairs personnel were randomly sampled from 54 junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City. Among the collected questionnaires, 198 were valid. The effective questionnaire was 92.1%. The collected data was analyzed by statistical methods, including mean, standard deviation, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson¡¦s product-moment correlation, Canonical correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Based on the analyzed results, the followings were concluded: 1. The overall role stress that general affairs personnel at junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City experience was above the norm. They suffered from Role Overloaded stress most. The stress of general affairs personnel was higher in school with12 classes or under than in school with 13 to 48 classes. 2. The overall personality traits of general affairs personnel at junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City were high intermediate. The level of Conscientiousness was the highest; the level of Emotional Stability of the general affairs personnel was higher in Kaohsiung County than in Kaohsiung City. 3. The overall job satisfaction of the general affairs personnel at junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City was high intermediate. The level of intrinsic satisfaction was the highest. 4. The overall role stress of the general affairs personnel working as section chiefs of purchase and maintenance was the highest. General affairs personnel with college degrees felt the most stress in the level of role ambiguity and role inability. The level of role inability of general affairs personnel working for 6-15 years was higher than that of general affairs personnel working for 26 years or more. 5. Among the general affairs personnel, the directors of general affairs who got high education and had worked for long years felt their overall personality traits were higher. 6. The directors of general affairs and section chiefs of documents and files had higher job satisfaction than the section chiefs of purchase and maintenance and the assistants. Section chiefs of cashier had higher satisfaction than the section chiefs of purchase and maintenance. 7. The lower personality traits of the general affairs personnel at junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City were, the higher role stress would show. The role stress didn¡¦t have much influence on the job satisfaction. The better personality traits were, the higher job satisfaction would show. That is, the lower role stress and the better personality traits the general affairs personnel at junior high schools in Kaohsiung County and Kaohsiung City had, the higher job satisfaction they would get. 8. Personality traits and role stress were predictive to the overall job satisfaction and the level of intrinsic satisfaction and extrinsic satisfaction. The major predictive variable to the overall job satisfaction and extrinsic satisfaction was Agreeableness, and the major predictive variable to the intrinsic satisfaction was Conscientiousness. According to the results and conclusions of this study, the researcher proposes some specific suggestions for the related personnel in school or education administration to do further study.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1984. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-183).

Den rollstress som uppkommer i bristen på koppling mellan teori och praktik har varit underlag för studier av studenter på flera utbildningsprogram. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka beteendevetarstudenter på Mälardalens högskola, med fokus på deras upplevelser av att utbildningen inte leder till en specifik yrkesroll. Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med 15 beteendevetarstudenter. Analysens meningskoncentrering genererade tre teman, ambivalens och stärkt initiativförmåga upplevde 15 studenter och svårigheter att omsätta teorin i praktik uppfattades av 14 studenter. Ambivalensen gällde utbildningens bredd som både skapade möjligheter men samtidigt bidrog till en otydlighet inför framtida yrkesroller. Stärkt initiativförmåga handlade om att studenterna lärt sig skapa egna erfarenheter i brist på praktik. Svårigheter att omsätta teorin i praktiken gällde att de saknade kopplingen mellan studier och arbetsliv. Inför framtida studier uppmanas det att jämföra beteendevetarstudenter från andra högskolor där det finns praktik och jämföra resultatet för att se om praktiken tillför ytterligare färdigheter.

Research has revealed that job-related stress impacts on psychological and psychosomatic functioning with detriments to both individual and organisational level outcomes (Beehr, Jex, Stacy & Murray, 2000; Cooper, Kirkcaldy & Brown, 1994; Johnson & Cooper, 2003). As a result stress research has typically been associated with destructive consequences for the individual and organisation, thus highlighting the need to explore variables which may alleviate workplace stressors. This study aims to explore the potential moderating effects of individual cultural orientation and perceived organisational support on the relationship between role stressors (role conflict) and job satisfaction. One hundred and fifty-two men and women, employed by South African organisations, completed the multidimensional role conflict questionnaire, the horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism scale, the survey of perceived organisational support and the job satisfaction survey. Results revealed that horizontal individualism interacting with person role conflict and intersender conflict had inverse moderating effects on job satisfaction, while perceived organisational support interacting with intersender and intrasender conflict had positive moderating effects on job satisfaction. Findings further indicated that a collectivist cultural orientation and perceived organisational support were related to increases in job satisfaction. Practical implications of the study and directions for future research are discussed.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nurse faculty perceptions of role stress and faculty-to-faculty incivility using the stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behaviors. A convenience sample of 79 nurse faculty from 39 undergraduate nursing programs in Iowa responded to an online survey. The survey consisted of two instruments: Workplace Incivility Civility Scale and Role Strain Scale. Findings revealed 76 participants perceived incivility as a problem and identified stress (n = 64) and demanding workloads (n = 54) as contributing factors. Pearson correlation results revealed a positive relationship between experienced incivility and nurse faculty perceptions of role stress (r = .509, p < .001), role conflict (r = .506, p < .001), role ambiguity (r = .560, p < .001) role overload (r = .298, p < .008). Pearson correlation results further revealed a positive relationship exists between three constructs of role stress (role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload) and each of the three constructs of experienced faculty-to-faculty incivility (hostility towards individuals, self-serving behaviors, and hostility towards work environment). Limitations included a convenience sample limited to undergraduate programs in one state. Future research should replicate this study in larger diverse populations and educational settings. Positive social change includes the recruitment and retention of nurse faculty who can grow and advance in a healthy academic work environment.

Abstract Teachers in the City of Kaohsiung affected by this transformation were surveyed with the goal of achieving the following objectives: (1) To identify the general reactions of teachers to the change. (2) To explore the added role pressure experienced by the teachers as a result of the transformation and the related burnout issues. Furthermore, to understand which types of role pressure and burnouts are considered to be the most severe. (3) To understand the relationship between the role pressure and the sense of burnout experienced by the teachers. (4) To investigate the intervening effect role pressure plays between burnout and the organizational transformation. (5) To explore the effects that societal support has on the level of burnout experienced by the teachers. The survey used in this research targets teachers who have been affected by the change in status of vocational high schools into general purpose college-preparatory high schools in the city of Kaohsiung. A total of 490 surveys were delivered, with 416 of them returned from the recipients. The response rate is 84.9%. The survey responses were analyzed by the SPSS10.0 statistical software package for mean, standard deviation,one-way ANOVA,T ¡VTest cronbach £\, reliability analysis, factor analysis, pearson of correlation, regression analysis: Assumptions: (1) The high school teachers possess an above average understanding of the organizational transformation process. (2)The high school teachers experience larger than average level of role pressure and burnout as a result of the transformation. (3)That there is a positive correlation between role pressure and burnout (4) That role pressure plays an intervening role between the transformation and burnout. (5) That social support has an influence on role pressure and burnout.

Under the global competition, the corporation has noticed the importance of human resource. There has been discussed about the role of human resource department and the role of human resource professionals no matter in academy or in business. However, there is not so much discussion about the characteristics, belief and feeling which could influence the involvement of the human resource professionals. To promote the human resource management of the human resource professionals, the study aims to discuss the role, role stress, work values, and job involevement of human resource professionals. It is to understand the role of human resource professionals including its role intensity, role stress, work values and job involvement in Taiwan¡¦s corporation. Furthermore, it discusses if the role stress is negative to job involvement when the affinity for work values and the intensity of the role of the human resource professionals is different. The research methodology uses random sampling. The questionnaires sent out by 752 for the members of some of the associations of human resource management in Taiwan, and valid questionnaires are 275. The data analyzed by statistics methods of t-test analysis of independence, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson¡¦s product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The result confirms several important discoveries as follows: 1. The work experience between one and five years shows serious role conflict. 2. The administration expert is still the main character of human resource professionals in Taiwan. 3. The positioning of human resource professionals is clear, but the work is overloading. 4. The human resource professionals respects the inter value, but not pays attention t to the value of salary. 5. Administer is taking the higher role stress, but higher job involvemen, too. 6. The proper role stress can promote job involvement. 7. The role stess is negative consequence of job involvement. According to the result of the study, there are some suggestions for HR managers and HR professionals to promote the HR management of HR department and HR professionals.

Relationships among Working Experience, Information-Seeking Behaviors and Job Satisfaction ¡Ð taking the MBAs as examples Abstract As the domestic economy develops and international managerial environment becomes more complicate and competitive, managerial and administrative educations in universities grow a lot. Thousands of newly-graduated MBAs take their jobs in various industries. These MBAs are becoming more and more important in Taiwan. Under the impact of the fast growing internet applications and knowledge economy, companies that hire MBA graduates expect them to adjust to their working environment as soon as possible so that they can apply what they have learned to their jobs. Therefore, issues related to organizational socializations are often discussed. However, most researches often explore the influence to the adjustments upon works from the point of view of organizations. However, Studies of organizational socialization based on personal behavior factorial analysis are few. Nevertheless, newcomers¡¦ previous working experience and information-seeking behaviors do affect their working experience and socialization in the company where they stay. And, this point is getting focused. Thus, MBA newcomers in companies are the objects of this study. The study will focus on the personal factors, behaviors, specific contents of socialization levels that affect directly or indirectly the MBAs as newcomers¡¦ working experience before and after they work in the firms. Also, the study hopes the results can bring some help for companies to manage those MBA newcomers of administrative experts. Numerous recently-graduated MBAs who had worked for 3-4 months and 10-12 months in their first jobs were asked to fill in the questionnaires. After analyzing the data , the results are stated as below: ¢¹. Differences of organization socialization due to different working experience. 1.Those who have part-time work more than 25 months can understand practices in an organization more easily then those of 1-12 months. 2.The newcomers who have formal working experience before studying in graduate school can understand professional terms about their current jobs and the meaning behind them better than the ones without formal working experience. 3.If there is partial similarity among current job and previous ones, the results would be: (1) the possibility of maintaining satisfying working relationships with others is higher than the one whose current and previous job have there is no similarity at all. (2) Newcomers could understand the organizational goals and values better than those whose current jobs are totally different from previous ones. ¢º. Differences of job satisfaction due to different working experiences 1.Intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction will be higher if the newcomers don¡¦t have part-time working experience previously. 2.The extrinsic satisfaction that current job is totally different from previous ones is higher than the extrinsic satisfaction that it is only partially similar among current and previous jobs. ІІІ.The influences of working experience, information seeking upon levels of organizational socialization, job satisfaction and influences of organizational socialization upon socialization in organizations. 1.Newcomers could have better comprehension of organizational goals and values when their current jobs are similar with previous ones. 2.Intrinsic satisfaction is higher if current jobs are similar with previous ones. 3.If information-seeking is reached by ¡§ testing¡¨, the possibility to gain successful & satisfying working relationships with members in the organizations decreases and so do the level of understanding organizational goals and values. 4.Asking the third party can help bring more extrinsic satisfaction. Using testing as the method to reach information seeking may decrease levels of general satisfaction. 5.General satisfaction is higher when the newcomers understand the characteristics of organizational practices better. Extrinsic satisfaction will be higher when the newcomers have better comprehension of certain specific terms or languages within the organizations. Those who have better and more correct comprehension of organizational goals and values reach higher intrinsic, extrinsic satisfaction and general satisfaction. ¢¼. The mediating effect of organizational socialization content 1.The similarity among current and previous jobs affects the level of intrinsic satisfaction indirectly through the organizational socialization content. 2.The level of organizational socialization is the mediating effect when discussing the relations between information-seeking behaviors, general satisfaction and extrinsic satisfaction. ¢½. The moderating effect of role stress. Most role stress in the lower-grades groups influences the organizational socialization content and job satisfaction more than higher-grades groups, specially for the intrinsic and general satisfaction. Key words: newcomers, working experience, information-seeking behaviors, role stress, job satisfaction.

Work-related stress among employees in Sweden is reported to increase, women areexperiencing higher levels of stress than their male colleagues. Organizational Role Stress is a denomination for all stress related to an individuals role in an organizationand the annual cost for Organizational Role Stress in the European Union exceeds € 20 billion. Managers in Lycksele municipality emphasized a troublesome working situation where time is not enough to balance administrative responsibilities and operative leadership. Hence, the aim to investigate: “How does Organizational Role Stress affect the balance between administrative responsibilities and operative leadership among managers in Lycksele municipality?” Four key words were deduced from the research question: Organizational Role Stress, Administrative Management, Public Sector Leadership and Public Sector, which guided the search for existing theories to help substantiate and answer the research question. The study introduced the Organizational Role Stress Framework developed by Udai Pareek into a Swedish pubic organization with the aim to measure the impact of Organizational Role Stress. The Organizational Role Stress Framework contributed to a quantitative study amongmanagers in Lycksele municipality to measure the impact of Organizational Role Stress. The sample population consisted of 60 managers who were given an equal opportunityto participate in the study. In total, 49 out of 60 managers participated in the study, which corresponds to a satisfying response rate of 82 %. The main conclusion of the study is that Organizational Role Stress has a negativeimpact on managers’ ability to balance administrative responsibilities and operativeleadership. The Organizational Role Stress Framework can explain 50 % of the variancein managers’ problems with balancing the responsibilities in their roles. Furthermore, the findings also imply that two stressors from the Organizational Role Stress Framework namely: Inter-Role Distance and Role Overload are a better model to describe the problem among managers. These two stressors as a model can explain 52% of the variance among managers ability to balance administrative responsibilities andoperative leadership.