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This study concerns 28 Roman Iron Age Germanic burial grounds located in proximity to the river Elbe (dt. "Elbegermanen"). Situated in the northern German states Brandenburg, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Saxony-Anhalt, Schleswig-Holstein and dated 0-300 AD (Earlier Roman Imperial Period); the sites primarily consist of urn burials and have been interpreted as separated by gender. Although a debated issue in German archaeology, critical questions derived from theoretical problematization have usually been omitted from the discourse. This study aims to discuss gender theory to address this research gap. Geographical patterns have been explored through a spatial analysis and reconstruction of the Roman Imperial landscape. Two sites are compared in case studies and the end results connect the theoretical discussions and GIS-analysis. The results show that the combination of a large-scale regional analysis and small-scale analysis of specific sites is beneficial in order to acknowledge the varieties and move beyond the interpretations that dominate the prevalent discourse.

This thesis is an examination of the role of architectural benefaction of the local elite on the urbanization of the Greek cities of Asia Minor in the Roman Imperial period, and its impact on the social status of the benefactor. While providing a theoretical framework for the nature of benefaction in antiquity and the pattern of architectural renewal of the Anatolian cities under the Roman influence, the thesis focuses on a single case study / the Hellenistic City Gate of Perge which was restored by Plancia Magna during the reign of Hadrian. After its renovation, the gate became an indispensible part of the urban activities of Perge and a source of pride for both the city and its donor. Hence, this study constitutes an attempt to investigate the involvement of Plancia Magna&rsquo / s architectural patronage within the Roman urbanization of Perge and also the transformation of the public persona of Plancia Magna in the center of the male-dominated Roman society.

Cette thèse a pour objectif d’étudier les aménagements hydrauliques de Termessos en Pisidie dont le site montagneux et isolé est dépourvu de sources, en rassemblant le corpus de toutes les structures explorables, et d’en définir l’intérêt technologique et socio-Historique durant l’époque hellénistique et impériale. Après le dépouillement des sources écrites et de la bibliographie moderne, nous avons effectué une exploration détaillée du terrain. Plusieurs méthodes ont été appliquées au cours des six prospections archéologiques qui ont eu lieu entre 2010 et 2013, telles qu’une étude géophysique par radar à pénétration du sol et une analyse par magnétomètre à vapeur (gradiomètre). Nous avons eu également recours à la collaboration interdisciplinaire avec des spécialistes architectes, géographes, géologues, hydrologues et archéologues. Dans le cadre d’une recherche comparative, de nombreux sites antiques ont été visités en Anatolie, en Grèce, en France et en Espagne afin de mieux appréhender l’évolution du système hydraulique dans différentes conditions géographiques. Suite à ces travaux, 162 structures hydrauliques ont été observées et inventoriées. Nous avons identifié deux nouveaux types de citernes antiques, un barrage bien conservé, un édifice de spectacle et l’unique sanctuaire dédié à Pan découvert en Anatolie jusqu’ici. Nous avons interprété les vestiges de deux constructions comme des établissements thermaux. Force est de constater que face à un milieu naturel hostile, les Termessiens ont romanisé leur ville en effectuant des travaux considérables, leur permettant de couvrir leurs besoins en eau et d’accéder au niveau de vie urbain de l’époque impériale romaine. / The aim of this PhD is not only to focus on Termessos' hydraulic settlement, which has been erected on a sourceless location, but also to examine all explorable structures in order to define their socio-Historical interest and highlight their value to the understanding of hellenistic and roman times. We have started by studying the written sources and by conducting extensive research on site. Different technics have been employed such as georadar technology (Ground Penetration Radar, GPR) and vapour magnetometer (gradiometer) in order to collect data during the six archaeological prospections which took place between 2010 and 2013. Researchers from various disciplines have brought their expertise to this work : architects, geographers, geologists, hydrologists and archaeologists. During this investigation, many ancient sites have been explored in Anatolia, Greece, France and Spain in order to understand the evolution of the hydraulic system with regard to geographical requirements. Followings this, 162 hydraulic structures have been studied and registered. The irrigation and water supply network as well as the sewerage system have been restored. We have discovered two new types of ancient tank, a well preserved water dam, an entertainment building and the only sanctuary dedicated to Pan found in Anatolia so far. The remains of two establishments have been interpreted as thermal baths. Most of all, and despite a challenging natural environment, the Termessians have romanized their city by carrying out great major construction projects allowing them to fulfill their water needs and to celebrate their power.