Rudolf Bultmann created an individualist theology of existentialism to replace the ethical-moral theology of the liberal tradition. The impact of Bultmann’s theology, which privileged post-Easter church kerygma over the historical Jesus, is the core of the problem and is situated in Bultmann’s existentialist view of history, derived from Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time. His theology derived additional, important support from the findings of Hans Jonas’ dissertation on Gnosticism. Bultmann divided history into two components, positivist history (Historie), and individualised history (Geschichte). The study examines strengths and weaknesses in Bultmann’s historical epistemology, with respect to conflict between the historical Jesus and the post-Easter kerygmatic faith of the disciples, the social and cultural spin-offs of alienation and anti-Judaism, and the resulting conflict with former students and foreign scholars. The conclusion is that Bultmann was so opposed to liberal historiography that he was willing to construct a theology of individual existence, devoid of social responsibility to the world at large, and replete with inconsistency regarding continuity between the historical Jesus and the kerygma. Nevertheless, Bultmann is credited with awakening the need to examine the authenticity of the gospels and New Testament message in a new light.

Rudolf Bultmann created an individualist theology of existentialism to replace the ethical-moral theology of the liberal tradition. The impact of Bultmann’s theology, which privileged post-Easter church kerygma over the historical Jesus, is the core of the problem and is situated in Bultmann’s existentialist view of history, derived from Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time. His theology derived additional, important support from the findings of Hans Jonas’ dissertation on Gnosticism. Bultmann divided history into two components, positivist history (Historie), and individualised history (Geschichte). The study examines strengths and weaknesses in Bultmann’s historical epistemology, with respect to conflict between the historical Jesus and the post-Easter kerygmatic faith of the disciples, the social and cultural spin-offs of alienation and anti-Judaism, and the resulting conflict with former students and foreign scholars. The conclusion is that Bultmann was so opposed to liberal historiography that he was willing to construct a theology of individual existence, devoid of social responsibility to the world at large, and replete with inconsistency regarding continuity between the historical Jesus and the kerygma. Nevertheless, Bultmann is credited with awakening the need to examine the authenticity of the gospels and New Testament message in a new light.

Rudolf Bultmann created an individualist theology of existentialism to replace the ethical-moral theology of the liberal tradition. The impact of Bultmann’s theology, which privileged post-Easter church kerygma over the historical Jesus, is the core of the problem and is situated in Bultmann’s existentialist view of history, derived from Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time. His theology derived additional, important support from the findings of Hans Jonas’ dissertation on Gnosticism. Bultmann divided history into two components, positivist history (Historie), and individualised history (Geschichte). The study examines strengths and weaknesses in Bultmann’s historical epistemology, with respect to conflict between the historical Jesus and the post-Easter kerygmatic faith of the disciples, the social and cultural spin-offs of alienation and anti-Judaism, and the resulting conflict with former students and foreign scholars. The conclusion is that Bultmann was so opposed to liberal historiography that he was willing to construct a theology of individual existence, devoid of social responsibility to the world at large, and replete with inconsistency regarding continuity between the historical Jesus and the kerygma. Nevertheless, Bultmann is credited with awakening the need to examine the authenticity of the gospels and New Testament message in a new light.

Zugl.: Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2004.

Issued also as Proefschrift--Utrecht. / Includes bibliographical references.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-06-19T19:12:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Cesar Prates.pdf: 1452123 bytes, checksum: 412e754c70bd63d7debc451b89bd4380 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-19T19:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Cesar Prates.pdf: 1452123 bytes, checksum: 412e754c70bd63d7debc451b89bd4380 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this research is to address the distances that exist on Mircea Eliade and Rudolf Bultmann’s perspectives about the myth. As we investigate the issue of myth and its interpretations we find that there are many significant discussions about the theme. Among them, unquestionably, two stand out not because of their role over others, but because of the importance that this question plays in the thinking of their researchers, since it is practically impossible to disassociate the question from the myth on Mircea Eliade and Rudolf Bultmann’s thoughts. For Eliade the myth reveals that the world, human and life have a supernatural origin and story. This sacred story, besides being true, is significant, precious and exemplary, as it makes reference and brings meaning to the realities of a certain society to which the myth belongs. In contrast Bultmann notes a problem to be solved in the application of his hermeneutics: how to relate to the question of the myth present in the New Testament writings. The myth is a threat to the modern mind steeped in a scientific worldview. Myth and modern thought are totally excluding. What Bultmann insists on is the elimination of the conceptual universe of the New Testament so that the word of God can be understood by modern man. The myth, therefore, in Bultmann's conception is nothing more than a way of objectifying what is transcendent to the immanent, is to transform divine beings into humans. In this way, we will analyze the assumptions that led both to take different paths and construct opposite hermeneutics of the myth. And finally, to understand the repercussions of hermeneutical practices for contemporary religious thoughts. / O objetivo dessa pesquisa é abordar os distanciamentos que existem sobre as perspectivas de Mircea Eliade e Rudolf Bultmann acerca do mito. Ao investigarmos sobre a questão do mito e suas interpretações constatamos que existem muitas discussões significativas acerca do tema. Dentre elas inquestionavelmente duas se destacam, não pelo papel que exercem sobre as outras, mas pela importância que esta questão desempenha no pensamento de seus pesquisadores, pois é praticamente impossível desassociar a questão do mito do pensamento de Mircea Eliade e Rudolf Bultmann. Para Eliade o mito revela que o mundo, o homem e a vida possuem uma origem e uma história sobrenatural. Essa história sagrada além de verdadeira é significativa, preciosa e exemplar, pois faz referencia e traz significado às realidades de determinada sociedade a qual pertence o mito. Em contrapartida Bultmann constata um problema a ser resolvido na aplicação de sua hermenêutica: como se relacionar com a questão do mito presente nos escritos neotestamentários. O mito é uma ameaça à mente moderna mergulhada em uma cosmovisão científica. Mito e pensamento moderno são totalmente excludentes. Em que Bultmann insiste é na eliminação do universo conceitual do Novo Testamento para que a palavra de Deus possa ser compreendida pelo homem moderno. O mito, portanto, na concepção de Bultmann nada mais é do que uma forma de objetivar o que é transcendente para o imanente, é transformar seres divinos em humanos. Desta forma, analisaremos os pressupostos que levaram ambos a tomarem caminhos distintos e construírem hermenêuticas opostas do mito. E por fim, entender as repercussões de suas práticas hermenêuticas para o pensamento religioso contemporâneo.

Zugl.: Erlangen, Nürnberg, University, Diss., 2005.

Uppsala Universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, Konstvetenskap Christina Jensen, jensenkfz@gmail.com Sakral konst i Renässans och Nutid - En betraktelse av Piero della Francescas "Kristi Dop". Sacral Art in the Renaissance and Today - A Study of Piero della Francesca´s "Baptism of Christ". The aim of the study is to examine the relevance of sacral art to modern secular viewers. I have chosen the painting "Baptism of Christ" by Piero della Francesca from the Italian renaissance, since it has a well-known christological theme and narrative. I compare the impact of the painting on a renaissance viewer with the impact on a modern secular viewer. The intention is to find a common ground in these two viewers experiences, the inner signification behind the symbolic expressions in the painting. The renaissance viewer is rendered against a cultural context of Roman-Catholic theology with gnostic and neo-platonic cogitations. The modern viewer is described in relation to Protestant theology and to a modern existentialist context. In analysing the viewers experiences I use the iconography-iconology method, the hermeneutic theory of play and the theory of the aesthetics of reception.  In comparing these viewers experiences and using a process of demythologization a considerably older symbolic content emerges. This has a universal relevance and constitute the inner signification behind the symbols in the painting, relevant both for the viewer from the renaissance and for the modern viewer of today, as well as for a far more distant historical viewer. When the symbolic expressions from the Judeo-Palestinian context are excluded from the interpretation universal archetypes elucidates, these have a capacity to influence the modern individuals intellectual and spiritual cogitations.

The question of the nature and meaning of history has become increasingly important in contemporary thought. In theological circles, it has become the central theme of discussion. Thereare a number of reasons why this is so. The events of the times in which we live have brought about a definite rejection of any knowledge-equals-progress idea of history as well as a call for interpretation of the profound social crises which we confront. The widespread influence of existentialism, with its emphasis on relativism and subjectivism, has brought into question not only the nature of history, in terms of present reality, but also the validit of the historians' pursuits. Beginning from the point of Christian ethics and giving considerable attention to the nature of man, [Reinhold] Niebuhr develops his concept of history quite differently from [Rudolf] Bultmann. It will be the task of this paper to examine the idea of history in the thought of each of these men and then, through a critique and comparison, evaluate each in terms of their strengths and weaknesses as well as their similarities and differences.

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