In Canada, prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men. The incidence continues to rise. Although there is a growing empirical literature on the prostate cancer experience of men who live and work in urban areas, little is known about the experience of men who live and work in rural settings where access to treatment and support may present unique challenges. The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the experiences of men diagnosed and treated for prostate cancer who live and work (farm) in rural Saskatchewan. Using a Naturalistic Inquiry approach and methods of Grounded Theory Analysis, six participants were recruited through a physicians office, advertisements, and cancer support groups, and interviewed. The interview data were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed. Data analysis revealed five common themes: farming and rural life, physical and emotional concerns, sexuality, masculinity, thoughtfulness and reflection, helping others and being helped. There was no evidence of rural isolation or concern with travelling to the cities for treatment. Depression and anxiety were not reported as major concerns. Participants explained that while continuing to farm helped them cope, fatigue reduced their ability to farm and increasingly they relied on help from family and neighbours. Participants experienced a sense of urinary urgency and/or incontinence following treatment and managed their daily activities to lesson the impact. All were impotent following treatment. They coped with loss of sexual function through a renewed life perspective or use of medication to restore sexual function. Traditional masculine behaviours can be a barrier to health screening for men with prostate cancer. Participants used their prostate cancer experience to engage in activities of new learning, new meaning, and new perspectives and to educate and support other men with prostate cancer. This study highlights the need for further research on the health experiences of farmers and other rural men, and to uncover the variety of masculine and behavioural responses with respect to mens health issues. Although the range of health issues may be similar from one man to another, it is important for health care providers to understand individual differences.

In Canada, prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men. The incidence continues to rise. Although there is a growing empirical literature on the prostate cancer experience of men who live and work in urban areas, little is known about the experience of men who live and work in rural settings where access to treatment and support may present unique challenges. The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the experiences of men diagnosed and treated for prostate cancer who live and work (farm) in rural Saskatchewan. Using a Naturalistic Inquiry approach and methods of Grounded Theory Analysis, six participants were recruited through a physicians office, advertisements, and cancer support groups, and interviewed. The interview data were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed. Data analysis revealed five common themes: farming and rural life, physical and emotional concerns, sexuality, masculinity, thoughtfulness and reflection, helping others and being helped. There was no evidence of rural isolation or concern with travelling to the cities for treatment. Depression and anxiety were not reported as major concerns. Participants explained that while continuing to farm helped them cope, fatigue reduced their ability to farm and increasingly they relied on help from family and neighbours. Participants experienced a sense of urinary urgency and/or incontinence following treatment and managed their daily activities to lesson the impact. All were impotent following treatment. They coped with loss of sexual function through a renewed life perspective or use of medication to restore sexual function. Traditional masculine behaviours can be a barrier to health screening for men with prostate cancer. Participants used their prostate cancer experience to engage in activities of new learning, new meaning, and new perspectives and to educate and support other men with prostate cancer. This study highlights the need for further research on the health experiences of farmers and other rural men, and to uncover the variety of masculine and behavioural responses with respect to mens health issues. Although the range of health issues may be similar from one man to another, it is important for health care providers to understand individual differences.

Investigating the (possible) emergence of a ‘New Squirearchy’ in rural England, this research considers the extent of a practical appropriation of the discourse of the country gentleman within the milieu of a specific community in the South East. A process commonly attributed to the middle class, this study engages with those debates on class and class analysis which continue to play out as a key theme in rural studies, and argues for the incorporation of concepts of performance in providing more nuanced accounts of society in the countryside. Drawing on theories of embodiment as developed in the wider disciplines of sociology and geography, and considering them in direct relation to consumption and cultural capital, this research details the existence of the ‘New Squirearchy’ as a discernable community of practise at work in – and dependent upon – the routine operations of other collectives in rural space. Mapping out the movements of those seeking to fulfil the roles and lifestyle historically accredited to the landed elite in detail, this empirically driven enquiry comes out of an intensive tract of in-situ ethnography. Centred on the act(s) of ‘gentryfication’ in the fabric of ‘village England’ and ‘Eamesworth’ more specifically, this story questions the apparent becoming of the ‘New Squirearchy’ through such institutions as the public house, the Parish Council and the village fete.

ABSTRACT RURALITY By Storm Ketron Bachelor of Fine Arts Exhibition, RURALITY, held at Tipton Street Gallery, 126 Spring Street, Downtown Johnson City, TN, from December 2nd through December 6th. The show exhibit consists largely of works done on bristol board known as the Discography Series, as well as a larger installation piece. The pieces introduce ideas of labor, materiality, and time.

Counties of Appalachia have long been linked to significant health disparities, including low birth weight infants. Low birth weight is directly related to cognitive and physical developmental delays and long-term health effects such as respiratory and congenital disabilities. On average, women residing in Appalachia have lower educational achievement and incomes and face barriers to accessing essential healthcare services, often associated with poor birth outcomes. However, Appalachia is not a monolith, and there is considerable variability in underlying levels of vulnerability and resources within Appalachia. This study examines variation in low birth weight (LBW) by sub-region of Appalachia. A cross-sectional study using 2022 County Health Rankings (CHR) data and Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) sub-region designations were used to examine the extent to which the percentage of LBW infants varies across Appalachian sub-regions. The percentage of LBW infants at the county level was the dependent variable of interest, and the Appalachian sub-regions were the independent variable of interest. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean percentage of LBW infants among Appalachian sub-regions. Means and standard deviations of the percent of infants born at LBW were examined by sub-region and across other variables of interest, including the percentage of the population that was uninsured, of non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity, had a high school diploma or equivalent, current adult smokers, children in poverty, food insecure, and individuals residing in a rural area. Overall, 90% of the population living in the Appalachian counties have received a high school diploma or equivalent, 11% of all individuals, children, and adults are uninsured, 24% of the adult population admits to smoking daily, nearly 21% of counties have children living at or below the federal poverty baseline, 68% of the counties are classified as rural, and 15% identify as having food insecurity. Almost 7% of the population is non-Hispanic Black. The Southern sub-region had the highest mean percentage of LBW infants (9.8%), followed by Central Appalachia (9.4%), while the Northern sub-region had the lowest (7.6%). The national value for LBW infants is 8.52%. This rate is comparatively lower than all Appalachia sub-regions, except for the Northern sub-region. Our study found that the Southern sub-region of Appalachia had the highest percentage of LBW infants among the sub-regions. These results are unsurprising given the well-documented relationship between LBW infants born to non-Hispanic Black women. Southern sub-region counties of Appalachia span parts of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi, all of which have higher proportions of non-Hispanic Black women as a percentage of the overall population. Central Appalachia, however, is predominantly white. Higher rates of LBW infants among this sub-region likely reflect significant differences in access to resources and health behaviors that are more common in Central Appalachia than in other sub-regions. Furthermore, the Northern sub-region of Appalachia is significantly less rural and better resourced than the other sub-regions, which may explain lower occurrences of LBW infants. A limitation of this study includes using CHR as a primary data source, which is compiled from state and national data.

Master of Public Health / Department of Kinesiology / Mary A. McElroy / BACKGROUND: Rural Americans face significant barriers for meeting recommended physical activity guidelines (Trivedi et al., 2015). Although studies have demonstrated adults in rural communities participate in less physical activity than their urban counterparts (Martin et al., 2005; Reis et al., 2004), the differences in physical activity for children and adolescents are not so clear. The main goal of this study was to explore potential differences among school physical activity (SPA), outside of school time physical activity (OSTPA), and sedentary behavior (SB), among rural and non-rural fourth and fifth-grade students. It was hypothesized that rural schools participate in less physical activity and more sedentary behavior than non-rural schools. Additionally, factors such as student gender and school socio-economic status were considered. METHOD: Data from the Youth Activity Profile (YAP), collected as part of the NFL PLAY60 FITNESSGRAM Partnership, is utilized to assess physical activity. The YAP captures the three constructs of SPA, OSTPA, and SB with fifteen questions (five questions each). A two-level mixed-model using SAS Proc Mixed was used to test for significant differences among groups. RESULTS: An analysis of least square means resulted in the following. Rural schools of fifth-grade students reported significantly more minutes in SPA (MD=8.68, 95% CI=-17.38, 0.01) than non-rural schools of fifth-grade students. Fourth-grade girls reported significantly fewer minutes in SPA (MD=11.1, 95% CI=9.09, 13.11), OSTPA (MD=19.55, 95% CI=17.54, 21.57), and more minutes in SB (MD=16.82, 95% CI=-22.85, -10.80) than fourth-grade boys. Fifth-grade girls reported significantly fewer minutes in SPA (MD=8.41, 95% CI=7.15, 9.67), OSTPA (MD=18.99, 95% CI=17.28, 20.70), and significantly more minutes in SB (MD=21.66, 95% CI=-26.92, -16.40) than fifth grade boys. High SES schools of fourth-grade students reported significantly fewer minutes in SB (MD=7.18, 95% CI=-14.42, 0.04) compared to low SES schools of fourth-grade students. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences among rural and non-rural schools of fourth and fifth-grade students with respect to outside of school time physical activity and sedentary behavior. Rural schools of fifth-grade students reported more minutes in school physical activity. Gender differences were observed as girls reported significantly lower school physical activity, out of school physical activity, and significantly higher sedentary behavior than boys. Future studies need to more closely examine definitions of rural and non-rural environments, the physical activity domains under question, as well as, to examine of socioeconomic status.

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Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-26T17:26:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Geny Ferreira Guimar?es.pdf: 3198393 bytes, checksum: ab1f9aa28bfb61bc3b5b5b5b0269f801 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T17:26:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2004 - Geny Ferreira Guimar?es.pdf: 3198393 bytes, checksum: ab1f9aa28bfb61bc3b5b5b5b0269f801 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-10 / CNPq / The following study was done aimed at a place named Guaxindiba, situated in the North of S?o Gon?alo city, in the Regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ), during the period of 2002 and 2004. It was used as main material sources of bibliographical items as theorical basement; reflexives texts from the classes disciplines done during the course; documents, laws and maps collected in S?o Gon?alo city hall; as well as questionnaires applied for the basic level classes students at Escola Estadual Municipalizada Guaxindiba by November 2004. This work was developed based in a region in which by a brief researcher look seems to be an undefined and ambiguous area insert into the rural/urban discussion. As many others regions, this is just another one with a fortress farming past and a current urban-industrial prospective, at the same time presenting intense ruralities surrounded by strong urban aspects. It was done an analyze of some social-cultural, social-environmental and political-economical issues related to territorial questions that it development in the city starts by the political power that exist in the region and that helps in the categorization of it. There is a concern about the geographical-historical process to help the understanding of the local geo-historical background, specially about the rural development and the urban structure of the region; the territorial organization of the Regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro was considered relevant besides the present metropolitan management and the understanding of rural areas inner metropolitan areas; a reflection about the brazilian rural/urban actual discussions and finally, an analyze in the possibility of some ruralities in Guaxindiba which is insert into the industrial process of the region. It was taken into consideration this place as an area existing in almost total anonymity but that can have potentialities to be concerned in the city development management program. There is the belief that this dissertation can someway be useful to future works about Guaxindiba. / Este trabalho foi elaborado visando uma localidade chamada Guaxindiba, situada ao norte do munic?pio de S?o Gon?alo, na Regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ), no per?odo de 2002 a 2004. Como fontes principais de pesquisa foram utilizados materiais bibliogr?ficos para o embasamento te?rico; textos reflexivos resultantes das aulas curriculares do curso como aux?lios complementares; documentos, leis e mapas obtidos na prefeitura de S?o Gon?alo; assim como question?rios que foram aplicados em alunos do ensino fundamental (5? ? 8? s?rie) da Escola Estadual Municipalizada Guaxindiba em novembro de 2004. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo como foco uma regi?o que, ? princ?pio, apresenta-se aos olhos do pesquisador com uma certa indefini??o ou ambig?idade dentro do tema campo-cidade. Como tantos outros lugares, representa mais uma regi?o com um forte passado agr?cola e uma atual prospectiva urbano-industrial, apresentando ao mesmo tempo intensas ruralidades, em meio a aspectos urbanos. Foi realizada uma an?lise de alguns dos seus aspectos s?cio-culturais, s?cio-ambientais e pol?tico-econ?micos, relacionando-os com as quest?es de territorialidade que se desenvolvem no munic?pio a partir do processo de poder pol?tico vigente na regi?o que, de certa forma gera a categoriza??o do local. Considerou-se indispens?vel uma breve an?lise do processo geogr?fico-hist?rico para se entender a forma??o geo-hist?rica do local, principalmente o desenvolvimento rural e a estrutura??o do urbano na regi?o; uma reflex?o sobre a organiza??o territorial da Regi?o Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, assim como a sua atual gest?o e o tipo de entendimento que se faz das zonas rurais em ?reas metropolitanas; uma reflex?o sobre a discuss?o de rural/urbano no Brasil e finalmente, uma an?lise da poss?vel ruralidade existente em Guaxindiba em meio ao processo de industrializa??o da regi?o. Considera-se que este lugar existe praticamente no anonimato, mas pode ser que possua potencialidades a serem considerados relevantes para o desenvolvimento do munic?pio. Acredita-se que esta pesquisa proporcionar? um maior conhecimento de Guaxindiba que pode de alguma forma ser ?til em trabalhos posteriores.

Title: Drug Related Crimes and Overdoses during the COVID-19 Pandemic Format: Poster Authors: Janaya Colbert, Kristin Mahan, MA, Jill D. Stinson, PhD Department of Psychology, College of Arts & Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN The COVID-19 pandemic affected many aspects of life, including restricting many people to their homes. During the lockdown, more people were isolated inside, which may have resulted in varying levels of drug and substance-related crimes, as well as overdose deaths. Increases in substance misuse may be associated with stress regarding COVID-19, but these events may be less often officially reported during the lockdown. An increase in substance use may also be associated with an increase in overdose deaths. In the present study, we will compare trends of drug and substance related outcomes before and during the pandemic in Tennessee, and differentiate effects between rural and urban counties. Data for this project were obtained from the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation’s (TBI) online incident-based reporting system and the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps online database. Variables of interest include all 95 Tennessee counties, number of driving under the influence (DUI) cases, number of drug/narcotic violation cases, and number of overdose deaths. In 2019, there were 19,556 reported DUI cases and in 2020, there were 17,578 reported DUI cases in Tennessee. In 2019, there were 50,618 reported drug/narcotic violations and in 2020, there were 49,875 reported drug/narcotic violations. In 2019 there were 4,776 reported overdose deaths and 5,097 reported overdose deaths in 2020. Utilizing 2x2 factorial ANOVAs, we will analyze the relationships between county type (i.e., urban vs. rural) and report year (i.e., 2019 vs. 2020) for each outcome of interest. Our hypotheses include: (a) there will be differences between urban and rural counties on the rates of drug and substance related outcomes (i.e., DUI cases, drug/narcotic violation cases, overdose deaths) pre- and mid-pandemic; (b) drug-related crimes and DUI cases decreased during the pandemic when compared to the previous year due to lockdown procedures and decreased ability to access substances; and (c) overdose deaths increased from pre- to mid- pandemic. Anticipated results will help examine how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected rates of drug and substance related crimes, which can help inform prevention and treatment strategies in the future. Additionally, potential discrepancies between rural and urban counties may highlight prevention and treatment disparities for those struggling with substance misuse, which can inform resource allocation within Tennessee.

O processo de urbanização contemporânea tem transformado significativamente espaços rurais e urbanos, sobretudo os localizados em territórios metropolitanizados. Nesse processo novas configurações físico-espaciais e relações socioeconômicas se intensificam tanto pela diversificação quanto pelo deslocamento de funções entre campo e cidade, resultando em um espaço complexo e distinto, onde esses espaços encontram-se a tal ponto imbricados que se tornou difícil estabelecer limites entre eles. É objetivo desvendar os espaços rurais inter-metropolitanos no território da Macrometrópole Paulista (MMP), composta de cinco regiões metropolitanas do Estado de São Paulo, identificando-os por meio da análise de seus aspectos sociodemográficos e físico-territoriais e das transformações decorrentes de dinâmicas produtivas estabelecidas, confrontando-os com a classificação oficial do território em rural e urbano no Brasil, adotada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Como método de trabalho apoia-se na construção de uma cartografia temática que revela as características intrínsecas às categorias mencionadas, definem-se critérios de ruralidade circunscritos ao contexto da MMP e com base neles se elabora uma indicação de ruralidade que é apresentada em um mapa-síntese, o qual é objeto de cotejamento com a classificação do IBGE. Esse cotejamento revela discrepâncias entre um e outro entendimento dos rurais e urbanos desse território. O estudo mostra que em meio à complexidade da urbanização contemporânea a separação do território em rural e urbano tornou-se diluída, dinâmica e resiliente e que a distinção entre esses territórios requer a conjugação de diversas variáveis e parâmetros conforme elaborado, sendo insuficiente a delimitação rural/urbano praticada. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos mediante esse estudo possam orientar a formulação de políticas públicas que contemplem espaços rurais e urbanos fornecendo dimensões mais realistas no território da MMP. / The contemporary urbanization process has significantly transformed rural and urban spaces, especially in metropolitan areas. In this process, new spatial configurations and socioeconomic relations are intensified by diversification and displacement of functions between countryside and city, resulting in complex and distinct space, where these spaces are so intertwined that it has become difficult to establish limits between they. The objective of this study is to uncover the inter-metropolitan rural spaces in the territory of the Paulista Macrometropole (MMP), composed of five metropolitan regions of the State of São Paulo, analyzing their social-demographic and physical-territorial aspects and the transformations resulting from productive dynamics, confronting them with the official classification of the territory in rural and urban in Brazil, adopted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). As a working method it is based on the construction of a thematic cartography that reveals the characteristics intrinsic to the mentioned categories, rurality criteria are defined circumscribed to the context of the MMP and based on them an indication of rurality is elaborated that is presented in a synthesis map, which is compared with the IBGE classification. This comparison reveals discrepancies between one and another understanding of the rural and urban of that territory. The study shows that in this context of complexity of contemporary urbanization the separation of rural and urban territory has become diluted, dynamic and resilient and that the distinction between these territories requires the conjugation of several variables and parameters as elaborated, being insufficient the rural / urban delimitation practice. It is hoped that the results of this study can guide the formulation of public policies directed to rural and urban spaces providing more realistic dimensions of spaces categories of the MMP territory.