This thesis analyses the establishment of a health and safety system on the Witwatersrand gold mines in the period between the end of the South African War and the eve of World War Two. The period has been chosen, firstly, because the South African War had seriously disrupted production and the industry virtually had to start up again from scratch; secondly, because it was during this period that mine and state officials began to seriously investigate the reasons for the appalling mortality and morbidity rates on these mines; and, thirdly, because during this period some improvements did occur which were significant enough to enable the industry to warrant the lifting, in the latter part of the 1930s, of the ban on tropicals, enforced since 1913 as a result of their extremely high mortality rate. In the first thirty years of the twentieth century about 93 000 African miners died disease-related deaths and in the same period some 15000 African miners were killed in work-related deaths. In attempting to establish why so many African miners died, the thesis attempts to identify the diseases and accidents that caused these deaths and considers what attempts were made to bring mortality and morbidity rates down. Whilst the thesis is neither a history of gold mining in South Africa nor an economic history of South Africa in the period 1901 to 1939, it nevertheless, as detailed in the first chapter, places the health and safety system within the context of the wider political and economic forces that shaped the mining industry in this period. The need for a productive and efficient labour force, vital for the industry'S survival during a number of profitability crises in this period, forced the industry to reassess compound structures, nutrition and eventually the health of its work force. These issues of compounds, work and diet are discussed in chapters two, three and four. Appalling living and working conditions led to a high incidence of pulmonary diseases - TB, silicosis and pneumonia - which were the principal killers on the mines. Attempts to cure or prevent their occurrence are discussed in chapter five. Fear of disruptions to production ensured that the mining industry eventually also devoted considerable resources to accident prevention, a theme which is discussed in chapter six. The thesis concludes that the mining industry for much of this period was able to determine the pace of change; neither state officials nor African miners were able to significantly alter the tempo. In fact the industry was so successful that it was able to convince a number of government commissions in the 1940s that the migrant system had to stay, to ensure the wellbeing of the miner. This meant that despite considerable time, money and effort being spent on establishing a health and safety system on the gold mines, the mining industry was still of the opinion that the health of their workers was best served if they were sent home.

Thesis is focused on investments in traffic safety measures in the selected agglomeration České Budějovice. Includes a theoretical background focused on the introduction to the issues of transport and its negative externalities, in particular traffic accidents. The objective of this work is to assess the specific investment in traffic safety measures on the basis of data on traffic accidents in correlation with the amount of economic losses according to the type of consequences of accidents. The result is an assessment of the identified losses for the individual years and the subsequent appreciation of the investment. A partial aim of the work is the design of specific traffic safety measures, based on the needs of your chosen conurbations, including an assessment of options of investment in these measures. Through the calculation of the values of the indicators relative to accidents at selected intersections, was created to draft a specific traffic safety measures for the intersection, which showed the greatest deficiencies in terms of safety.

Os acidentes de trânsito são uma das principais causas de morte e invalidez no mundo inteiro, e projeções indicam que sua participação entre essas causas tende a aumentar no futuro. Estima-se que o fator humano contribua para a ocorrência de mais de 90% dos acidentes, e grande parte desta contribuição advém do comportamento. Nesta dissertação de mestrado, buscou-se identificar e caracterizar medidas de segurança de trânsito conforme sua influência em inibir o cometimento de infrações à legislação de trânsito por parte dos motoristas. Para tanto, foram conduzidas uma pesquisa qualitativa e uma pesquisa quantitativa. A pesquisa qualitativa, realizada através da técnica de Grupos Focados, foi utilizada para identificar as principais infrações de trânsito que contribuem para a ocorrência de acidentes, além de coletar subsídios para a elaboração da pesquisa quantitativa. Esta, por sua vez, consistiu na aplicação de um questionário auto-relatado a motoristas de automóvel da cidade de Porto Alegre. Como resultado, a pesquisa qualitativa indicou que as infrações que mais contribuem para os acidentes são a embriaguez, o excesso de velocidade e o avanço de sinal vermelho de semáforo. A pesquisa quantitativa permitiu concluir que as medidas de segurança de trânsito que mais influenciam os motoristas a não cometerem infrações de trânsito são aquelas relacionadas à restrição de direitos, como apreensão do veículo ou suspensão da habilitação, e à possibilidade de ser flagrado pelas autoridades. Por outro lado, as campanhas de conscientização na mídia demonstraram ser o tipo de medida com menor potencial para influenciar o comportamento dos motoristas. / Road traffic crashes are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide, and it is believed that their share among these causes will grow in the future. The human factor contributes to over 90% of traffic crashes, and a great part of this contribution originates from human behaviour. This master’s thesis aimed to identify and characterize road safety measures according to their influence on driver behaviour, regarding the commitment of traffic offences. In order to do that, a qualitative and a quantitative survey were carried on. The qualitative survey was made with the Focus Group technique and was used to identify the traffic offences that contribute the most to road crashes, as well as to collect information to help preparing the quantitative survey. The last consisted in applying a self-reported questionnaire to automobile drivers from Porto Alegre, Brazil. As a result, the qualitative survey indicated that speeding, drunk driving and red light crossing are the traffic offences that contribute the most to road crashes. The quantitative survey allowed to conclude that the road safety measures with more influence on drivers, so they do not commit traffic offences, are those related to their rights restriction, like vehicle seizure or driver’s licence suspension, and to the possibility of being caught by authorities. On the other hand, road safety campaings on the media seemed to be the kind of measure with the smallest potential to influence driver behaviour.

Os acidentes de trânsito são uma das principais causas de morte e invalidez no mundo inteiro, e projeções indicam que sua participação entre essas causas tende a aumentar no futuro. Estima-se que o fator humano contribua para a ocorrência de mais de 90% dos acidentes, e grande parte desta contribuição advém do comportamento. Nesta dissertação de mestrado, buscou-se identificar e caracterizar medidas de segurança de trânsito conforme sua influência em inibir o cometimento de infrações à legislação de trânsito por parte dos motoristas. Para tanto, foram conduzidas uma pesquisa qualitativa e uma pesquisa quantitativa. A pesquisa qualitativa, realizada através da técnica de Grupos Focados, foi utilizada para identificar as principais infrações de trânsito que contribuem para a ocorrência de acidentes, além de coletar subsídios para a elaboração da pesquisa quantitativa. Esta, por sua vez, consistiu na aplicação de um questionário auto-relatado a motoristas de automóvel da cidade de Porto Alegre. Como resultado, a pesquisa qualitativa indicou que as infrações que mais contribuem para os acidentes são a embriaguez, o excesso de velocidade e o avanço de sinal vermelho de semáforo. A pesquisa quantitativa permitiu concluir que as medidas de segurança de trânsito que mais influenciam os motoristas a não cometerem infrações de trânsito são aquelas relacionadas à restrição de direitos, como apreensão do veículo ou suspensão da habilitação, e à possibilidade de ser flagrado pelas autoridades. Por outro lado, as campanhas de conscientização na mídia demonstraram ser o tipo de medida com menor potencial para influenciar o comportamento dos motoristas. / Road traffic crashes are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide, and it is believed that their share among these causes will grow in the future. The human factor contributes to over 90% of traffic crashes, and a great part of this contribution originates from human behaviour. This master’s thesis aimed to identify and characterize road safety measures according to their influence on driver behaviour, regarding the commitment of traffic offences. In order to do that, a qualitative and a quantitative survey were carried on. The qualitative survey was made with the Focus Group technique and was used to identify the traffic offences that contribute the most to road crashes, as well as to collect information to help preparing the quantitative survey. The last consisted in applying a self-reported questionnaire to automobile drivers from Porto Alegre, Brazil. As a result, the qualitative survey indicated that speeding, drunk driving and red light crossing are the traffic offences that contribute the most to road crashes. The quantitative survey allowed to conclude that the road safety measures with more influence on drivers, so they do not commit traffic offences, are those related to their rights restriction, like vehicle seizure or driver’s licence suspension, and to the possibility of being caught by authorities. On the other hand, road safety campaings on the media seemed to be the kind of measure with the smallest potential to influence driver behaviour.

To provide structure to cyber awareness and educational initiatives in South Africa, Kortjan and Von Solms (2014) developed a five-layer cyber-security awareness and education framework. The purpose of the dissertation is to determine how the framework layers can be refined through the integration of communication theory, with the intention to contribute towards the practical implications of the framework. The study is approached qualitatively and uses a case study for argumentation to illustrate how the existing framework can be further developed. Drawing on several comprehensive campaign planning models, the dissertation illustrates that not all important campaign planning elements are currently included in the existing framework. Proposed changes in the preparation layer include incorporating a situational and target audience analysis, determining resources allocated for the campaign, and formulating a communication strategy. Proposed changes in the delivery layer of the framework are concerned with the implementation, monitoring and adjustment, as well as reporting of campaign successes and challenges. The dissertation builds on, and adds to, the growing literature on the development of campaigns for cyber-security awareness and education aimed at children.

Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master of Technology: Business Administration in Project Management in the Faculty of Business at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013 / The nuclear industry has established stringent controls to ensure that electricity is produced in a safe and reliable manner. It is expected that a nuclear power plant should be operated safely, adheres to processes and procedures that govern those safe operations, and implements projects or modifications that are of a high quality; and this would be considered as ‘business as usual’. This is crucial for an industry that is under constant scrutiny, since every project or modification, which is implemented, is critically judged. One important contributing factor to the successful operation of any nuclear power plant is the implementation of projects and modifications in accordance with respective nuclear codes and standards, specifications, processes and procedures. The industry demands that this should be a norm, as quality is synonymous with safety and reliability; factors that cannot be compromised or divorced from each other on a nuclear power plant. Recently, however, there has been great concern relating to non-conformances experienced throughout the project lifecycle, which ultimately affects the quality of modifications and projects, which are implemented at the plant. The research project investigates factors that affect project quality at a nuclear power plant in South Africa. Against the above backdrop, the research problem was “the delivery of poor quality projects have an adverse effect on modifications and projects, which are implemented at the nuclear power plant in South Africa”. The primary research objectives of this study are the following: · To investigate the root cause and impact of inconsistent project quality practices on the project lifecycle; and · To recommend measures that should be established to improve the way in which project quality is conducted throughout the project lifecycle.

Thesis (DTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. / The widespread application of nuclear science and technology has been the subject of much concern as well as nuclear safety issues. And to ensure the safety of public life, property and environment, it is indispensable to improve the emergency system for nuclear accidents and the environmental monitoring system for nuclear radiation, so that the occurrence of nuclear accidents, terrorist incidents and the resulting hazards can be prevented or minimized. Due to the benefits of radiation which were earlier and now recognized in the use of X-rays for medical diagnosis and then later with the discoveries of radiation and radioactivity, there was rush in exploiting the medical benefits which eventually led fairly to the recognition of the risks and induced harm associated with it. Thus, only the most obvious harms resulting from high doses of radiation, such as radiation burns, were initially observed and protection efforts were focused on their prevention, mainly for practitioners rather than patients. Subsequently, it was gradually recognized that there were other, less obvious, harmful radiation effects such as radiation-induced cancer, for which there is certain risk even at low doses of radiation.

Thesis (MTech (Nursing))--Cape Technikon, 2003. / The developed countries of the world utilise 80% of the agricultural chemicals that are used in the agricultural sector. A total of 99% of all agricultural chemical poisoning occurs in developing countries. South Africa is classified as a developing country. During the five-year period from 1996 - 2000, 36.2% (50 cases) of the average number of cases of agricultural chemical poisoning that were reported in South Africa were in the Western Cape. Three out of four (75%) deaths as a result of agricultural chemicals during the same period were in the Western Cape. The agricultural activities that are undertaken in the Western Cape are labour intensive and various agricultural chemicals are applied continuously to meet the quality requirements of the export market. The purposes of this study were: i) to determine which factors contributed to the reported cases of agricultural chemical poisoning in the Winelands, Overberg and Breede River District Councils during the five-year period from 1January 1996 until31 December 2000, ii) to determine what procedure was followed to report these cases of poisoning, iii) to determine whether a biological monitoring programme was in place at the time of the reported poisonings, and iv) to group and to analyse the recommendations that were made during the investigation. The research methodology included a literature study to establish a theoretical framework. A descriptive retrospective quantitative research design was applied.

Thesis (MTech (Quality (Engineering)))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. / Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is a segment of quality assurance which guarantees that food products produced are uniform and controlled to the appropriate quality standards for their required use and as expected by the marketing authority. A survey was carried out to assess the awareness and implementation level of GMP guidelines amongst manufacturers in the Western Cape, South Africa. Based on a literature review on GMP in the food manufacturing establishments a research problem was identified forming the crux of the research which reads as follows: “the lack of enforcement of approved standards within the food manufacturing establishments in the Western Cape Province, South Africa may result in the food product quality being questioned by consumers”. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness and implementation of GMP among food manufacturing establishments in the Western Cape. The literature was reviewed to discover what is currently known concerning GMP in the food manufacturing industries. Fresh food produce manufacturing establishments in the Western Cape Province South Africa were targeted for this study, with 52 responding to the questionnaires. Data was collected by means of self-administered structured questionnaires and individual face-to-face interviews with six of the establishments that participated in the questionnaires. Data for the questionnaires was analysed by means Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 19 software programme in order to generate descriptive statistical results and to determine potential areas for improvement in the establishments surveyed. Data for individual face-to-face interview was recorded by transcribing and analysed by inductive reasoning. In particular, Cronbach’s alpha was utilized to test the reliability of the key items of GMP.

Dissertação é composta por 3 artigos. / Para os industriais do setor de alimentos e para as autoridades de saúde pública, a segurança dos produtos alimentares compõe um cenário de exigências sanitárias expostas pelos órgãos legais e de mercado, diante de uma população humana em crescimento. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em um entreposto de classificação de ovos in natura para consumo, frente à crescente demanda pelo consumo de ovos, da espécie Gallus gallus domesticus, a qual tem instigado a preocupação com questões higiênico sanitárias. Constituindo fator de interesse para a indústria, consumidor e Estado, objetivou-se definir um modelo de sistema integrado de gestão de segurança de alimentos com documentos que atendem os pré-requisitos legais de Boas Praticas de Fabricação - BPF e de Analise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle – APPCC. A metodologia de criação e validação in loco dos documentos de autocontrole aplicados aos pré-requisitos e documentos de gestão de sistema teve por base a Abordagem de Processo. Através de uma visão sistêmica integrada foi possível correlacionar os pré-requisitos legais de Boas Práticas e de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle. Os registros da execução da ação, monitoramento e verificação demonstraram a capilaridade do sistema, sendo pró-ativo às medidas preventivas de não conformidades e ressaltando a melhoria continua do SGSA – Sistema de Gestão de Segurança de Alimentos. A pertinência do modelo adotado demonstrou a aplicação prática do sistema desde a construção dos documentos à sua validação in loco, possibilitando a utilização destes por outras empresas do segmento. Este modelo propôs uma estrutura de etapas desde a criação à implementação do Sistema de Gestão Integrado cujos resultados satisfatórios foram confirmados pela análise do percentual de conformidades obtidas durante a verificação dos registros que compõem os documentos de autocontrole e de gestão do sistema, pelos achados in loco e em relatórios de auditoria interna, respondendo no período considerado de três meses por 94% de conformidades. Outro fator a considerar foram os relatórios de auditoria de empresas clientes e do próprio Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA) os quais evidenciaram a eficácia da sistemática adotada na criação e implementação dos documentos. / Both for the food industry and public health authorities, food safety comprises a series of sanitary demands exposed by legal and merchant organisations, in the face of a growing human population. The present work was developed in a sorting facility processing fresh Gallus gallus domesticus eggs for consumption, where hygienic-sanitary matters are of great concern for the industry, the consumer and the State. The aim was to define an integrated model of food security management with documents designed to meet the standards of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). The methodology for the creation and validation of the local self-control documents applied to the requirements and system management documents was based on Process Approach. A systemic, integrated standpoint was fundamental allow the correlation between the requirements of GMPs and HACCP. The execution, monitoring and verification records demonstrated the capillarity of the system, hence pro-active to preventative measures of nonconformity and confirming the continuous improvement of the Food Safety Management System (FSMS). The pertinence of the model adopted showed the practical operation of the system since the document design to its local validation, which enables its use by other companies of the industry. This model proposed a structure of steps starting with the creation and implementation of this Integrated Management System, with results confirmed by the percentage of conformities obtained during the verification of the records that constitute the documentation of the self-control and management system. Moreover, results were confirmed by the local and internal audit findings, which corresponds to 94% of conformity during the three-month period considered. Another factor to ponder were the client companies’ audit reports and the Brazilian government agency for agriculture and animal production (Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento - MAPA), all of which revealed accuracy of the process adopted for document design and implementation. / 5000