The overall goal of this research is concerned with understanding the effects of bentonite on the external corrosion of bare mild steel well casing. Na-bentonite is mainly used in enormous amounts in drilling processes, so it used as the main electrochemical environment surrounding the casing at different condition. The major part of the current study was divided into 3 stages; the first stage is constant current cathodic protection (CP) with a range of 0.0 (Open Circuit Potential) to 200mA.m-2 was applied respectively to protect bare mild steel buried vertically inside the bentonite layer contains 45% (w/w) 0.5 M NaCl Solution. This study was attempted to investigate the polarisation potential distribution over depth. The second stage is polarisation potential with a range of OCP to -1.15V/SCE was applied to protect mild steel exposed to 0.5M sodium chloride solution containing different concentration of bentonite, namely 0.0%, 1.0 and 10.0% (w/w). The third stage was concerning with the ZnCl2 added at 500ppm and 1000ppm to the bentonite as cathodic inhibitor to investigate its effects on the corrosion process of mild steel. CP at 0.0mV (OCP) and -1.15 V against saturated calomel electrode (SCE) were applied for this experiment. Weight loss, visual observation, Open Circuit Potential (OCP), cathodic protection and linear polarisation resistance (LPR) techniques were employed for this study. Optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis are illustrated to study, examine and analyse the films that formed on the metal surface. It is demonstrated that the corrosion rate produced from LPR measurement data was fairly lower than that obtained by experimental weight loss data. Low corrosion rate was recorded for the specimens immersed in 0.5NaCl solution, containing bentonite compared to that were obtained for solution free of bentonite. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate were the main chemical compounds that detected on the metal surfaces when cathodic protection (CP) was applied at -1.15V vs. SCE. It was confirmed that, the addition of ZnCl2 at two different concentration, 500ppm and 1000ppm has reduced the current density applied to a considerable value. This was ascribed to the formation of compacted and uniform film on the protected surface. The examination of the specimens using EDX and XRD has shown the formation of zinc containing compounds. Small amount of NaCl in the form of halite for both concentrations was also detected.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência dos Alimentos, Florianópolis, 2016. / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T14:01:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 340540.pdf: 2140683 bytes, checksum: 9a8613c68f9478ed2f06ba115009929d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O mel produzido pelas abelhas sem ferrão (Meliponinae) é um produto com características próprias e destaca-se por apresentar propriedades nutricionais, sensoriais e terapêuticas distintas do mel de Apis mellífera. No entanto, a comercialização deste produto enfrenta alguns entraves, principalmente quanto a sua estabilidade, devido a sua composição particular que apresenta maior umidade e acidez, tornando-o mais susceptível a fermentação por ação das leveduras. Desta forma, a busca por processos tecnológicos que mantenham sua estabilidade por maior tempo possível se faz necessário, desde que estes não afetem as características do produto in natura, mantendo padrões de identidade e qualidade. Neste contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da submissão de amostras a diferentes condições térmicas sobre a estabilidade dos méis. No estudo foram avaliadas dez amostras de méis de abelhas sem ferrão, coletadas no estado de Santa Catarina, submetidas aos tratamentos recomendados pela legislação de mel de Apis mellífera (52°C/470min; 54,5°C/170min; 57°C/60min; 59,5°C/22min; 65,5°C/7,5min; 65,5°C/2,8min; 68°C/1min e 71,1°C/24s) em uma primeira etapa do estudo. Em uma segunda etapa do estudo uma amostra de mel de guaraipo (Melipona bicolor), selecionada dentre as amostras analisadas, foi submetida a tratamentos utilizando temperatura mais elevadas e tempos curtos de processamento (90, 92,5 e 95°C durante 15, 30 e 60s). Ao final dos processos as amostras foram avaliadas quanto aos parâmetros de identidade e qualidade, compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante. Para a amostra de mel de guaraipo (Melipona bicolor), além destas análises foi realizada a identificação de compostos fenólicos por LC-MS/MS e verificação da eficiência de redução da carga microbiana através da análise de bolores e leveduras, coliformes termotolerantes e Salmonella spp. Os resultados mostraram que os tratamentos recomendados pela legislação brasileira para mel de Apis mellífera podem ser aplicados a méis de abelhas sem ferrão, sem que ocorram danos as características físico-químicas. Os tratamentos térmicos com aplicação de temperaturas elevadas e curto período de processamento, mostraram grande potencial a serem utilizados nos entrepostos de mel, sem que suas características sejam alteradas. Principalmente no que diz respeito a qualidade, tendo em vista que o mel apresentou resistência à formação de 5-hidroximetilfurfural, bem como a manutenção dos compostos fenólicos identificados na amostra in natura, além de reduzir a carga microbiana presente.<br> / Abstract : The honey produced by stingless bees (Meliponinae) is a product with its own characteristics and stands out for presenting nutritional properties, sensory and therapeutic distinct of Apis mellifera honey. However, the marketing of this product faces some obstacles, particularly how much its stability, due to its particular composition that has a higher moisture and acidity, making it more susceptible to fermentation by the action of yeast. Thus, the search for technological processes that maintain its stability for as long as possible is necessary, provided these do not affect the characteristics of the product in natura, maintaining identity and quality standards. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of submission of samples to different thermal conditions on the stability of the honeys In the study we were evaluated ten samples of honey from stingless bees collected in the state of Santa Catarina, submitted to treatments recommended by honey legislation of Apis mellífera (52°C/470min; 54,5°C/170min; 57°C/60min; 59,5°C/22min; 65,5°C/7,5min; 65,5°C/2,8min; 68°C/1min e 71,1°C/24s) in a first stage of the study. In a second stage of the study, a honey sample of guarairo (Melipona bicolor), selected from among the examined samples was subjected to treatments using higher temperature and short processing times (temperature of 90, 92,5 e 95°C por 15, 30 e 60s). At the end of the process the samples were analyzed for identity and quality parameters, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. For the sample of honey of guaraipo, besides these analyzes it was performed identification of phenolic compounds by LC-MS/MS and verification of microbial load reduction efficiency by analysis of yeasts and molds, coliforms and Salmonella spp. The results showed that the treatments recommended by Brazilian legislation for Apis mellifera honey can be applied to honey from stingless bees, without the occurrence of the physicochemical characteristics damage. The heat treatment with the application of high temperature and short processing time have shown great potential for use in honey depots without its characteristics being altered. Especially as regards the quality, in view of the honey showed resistance to the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as well as maintaining the phenolic compounds in the sample identified in nature and reduce the microbial load present.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T23:02:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo9653_1.pdf: 1536491 bytes, checksum: 9086e8c6a3609bab96c12cba6df61098 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / O presente estudo visou à compreensão de como a Psicologia está envolvida no debate nacional a respeito do projeto Depoimento sem Dano (DSD), metodologia de inquirição de crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual que vem sendo implantada nos tribunais de justiça brasileiros, com o objetivo de responsabilizar legalmente seus agressores. O projeto prevê a participação do psicólogo na escuta da criança ou adolescente em audiência judicial, de modo que esse profissional possa obter evidências da violência supostamente perpetrada, o que tem sido alvo de divergências entre psicólogos vinculados a distintas linhagens teóricas, tanto no que se refere à atuação profissional, quanto no que concerne à proteção de crianças e adolescentes vitimizados. A pesquisa teve como marco teórico os postulados de Michel Foucault acerca dos regimes de poder, das formas de saber e da produção de verdades no interior das práticas judiciárias. Vislumbrando a produção de uma história do presente, foram selecionados documentos de domínio público que articulavam o DSD à Psicologia e/ou à atuação do psicólogo, além de outros que não o tinham como foco, porém apresentavam relação intrínseca com o projeto de inquirição. Os documentos foram publicados por instituições diversas, tais como instituições pertencentes ao Sistema de Justiça, Poder Legislativo, órgãos que atuam na rede de proteção à infância e à juventude e instituições representativas da categoria dos psicólogos, a exemplo do Conselho Federal de Psicologia (CFP) e da Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia (SBP). A análise documental foi conduzida à luz do enfoque discursivo foucaultiano, que considera os discursos enquanto práticas, as quais estão intensamente atreladas a processos sociais e políticos. Os dados da pesquisa apontam para a existência de fortes embates, protagonizados pelo CFP e pelo grupo ligado à psicologia do testemunho. Verificou-se ainda que, enquanto a proteção da criança/adolescente cumpre a mesma função enunciativa nas práticas discursivas, a memória é a categoria que irá dispersá-las, evidenciando a fratura interna da Psicologia. Não obstante, a história dessa ciência nos revela que as tensões que emergiram no decorrer do debate sobre o DSD não são totalmente novas. Nesse sentido, conclui-se que o DSD não foi o responsável por causar os conflitos observados no interior da Psicologia. O seu papel foi o de propiciar as condições históricas para que velhos embates viessem à tona novamente

Submitted by Pedro Barros (pedro.silvabarros@ufpe.br) on 2018-09-14T22:19:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Eric Ribas Moraes Machado.pdf: 4900184 bytes, checksum: c948644abc8216ef6e5e18dedb37a22f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alice Araujo (alice.caraujo@ufpe.br) on 2018-09-18T16:02:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Eric Ribas Moraes Machado.pdf: 4900184 bytes, checksum: c948644abc8216ef6e5e18dedb37a22f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-18T16:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Eric Ribas Moraes Machado.pdf: 4900184 bytes, checksum: c948644abc8216ef6e5e18dedb37a22f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-05 / Redes Wi-Fi estão presentes desde as residências aos ambientes corporativos e instituições de ensino e pesquisa. Contudo, a qualidade de serviço (QoS) percebida pelo usuário pode ser degradada quando em ambientes congestionados, como em lugares confinados com grande quantidade de usuários. Para lidar com esse problema várias empresas oferecem soluções verticalmente integradas e fechadas, no entanto, os custos de capital (CAPEX), com a aquisição de equipamentos e licenças, e operacionais (OPEX) decorrente do seu gerenciamento são muito altos. O surgimento das redes definidas por software (SDN) viabilizou o desenvolvimento de varias soluções abertas para melhorar o gerenciamento das redes em geral, possibilitando ao administrador da rede programar rotinas dinâmicas de monitoramento, correção de problemas e otimização do uso dos recursos disponíveis, através de um controlador centralizado com visão geral da rede. Considerando a necessidade de soluções abertas para os Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia e o potencial da programabilidade das redes sem fio definidas por software, várias soluções foram desenvolvidas para lidar com o problema da degradação do QoS, entretanto, das inúmeras soluções existentes na literatura para o gerenciamento e balanceamento de carga nestas redes, a maioria delas não visam ambientes confinados com baixa mobilidade e/ou requerem modificações no dispositivo móvel, criando burocracia para o setor de tecnologia da informação e gerando desconforto aos usuários, que muitas vezes possuem dispositivos que não suportam as mudanças necessárias. Diante deste cenário esta dissertação propõe um arcabouço para balanceamento de carga em redes sem fio (Wi-Fi) utilizando a arquitetura SDN. Existem outras propostas que promovem o balanceamento de carga em redes Wi-Fi, mas são, normalmente, orientadas ao usuário. O foco do arcabouço proposto nesta dissertação é prover uma solução orientada à infraestrutura para ambientes de rede sem fio confinados, densos e com baixa mobilidade como auditórios, salas de aula, anfiteatros, dentre outros. O modelo promove a melhoria da QoS das aplicações dos usuários através do monitoramento de dados estatísticos da rede, coletados a partir da controladora SDN e de rádios de baixo custo com firmware modificado (OpenWRT) e da análise da carga gerada por cada usuário, mitigando assim a assimetria de rede por meio da realocação da carga. Para analisar o arcabouço proposto foi desenvolvido um software, utilizado o controlador SDN Ryu, foram configurados pontos de acesso (AP) e definidos cenários de congestionamento e assimetria em um ambiente de redes sem fio. A partir dos experimentos, foi observado que, os usuários tiveram uma melhoria de QoS considerável enquanto o sistema estava ativado. / Wi-Fi networks are present from residences to corporate environments and education and research institutions. However, user perceived quality of service (QoS) can be degraded when in congested environments, such as in confined spaces with large numbers of users. To deal with this problem several companies offer vertically integrated and closed solutions, but, the capital expenditure (CAPEX), with the acquisition of equipment and licenses, and operational expenditure (OPEX) due to its management are very high. The emergence of software-defined networking (SDN) enabled the development of several open solutions to improve network management, enabling the network administrator to program dynamic monitoring routines, problem correction and optimization of the use of available resources through centralized controller with network overview. Considering the need for open solutions for federal institutes and the potential for programmability of SDN, several solutions have been developed to deal with the QoS degradation problem, nevertheless, of the numerous solutions in the literature for managing and balancing the load on these networks, most of them do not target confined environments with low mobility and / or require modifications in the mobile device, creating bureaucracy for the IT sector and generating discomfort to the users, which often have devices that do not support the necessary changes. Considering this scenario, this dissertation proposes a framework for load balancing in wireless networks (Wi-Fi) using the SDN architecture. There are other proposals that promote load balancing on Wi-Fi networks, they are usually user-oriented. In this dissertation the proposed framework focus is to provide an infrastructure-oriented solution for confined, dense, low mobility wireless network environments such as auditoriums, classrooms and amphitheaters. The proposal improves the QoS of the users’ applications by the monitoring of statistical data from network, collected through the controller SDN and low cost radios with modified firmware (OpenWRT) and analysis of the load generated by each user, thus mitigating the asymmetry through load reallocation. In order to analyze the proposed framework, a software was developed, using the Ryu SDN controller, configured access points (AP) and defined congestion and asymmetry scenarios in a wireless environment. From the experiments, it was observed that, users had a considerable QoS improvement while the system was activated.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational variables (procedural justice, transformational leadership, job satisfaction, identification with leader, organizational commitment) and prosocial behaviors (Organizational Citizenship Behaviors) as well as harmful behaviors (Counterproductive Work Behaviors). Previous research treats OCB and CWB as two ends of a spectrum, with the assumption that individuals that engage in one kind of behavior refrain from the other. However, the present study aimed to examine intricate relationships between organizational variables to show that individuals can engage in both types of behavior, even in the same day. This is due to the intentionality and direction of targeted behaviors. Specifically, OCBs and CWBs can be targeted at individuals or at the organization as a whole. A structural equation model was used to explain the complex relationships between these variables. Specifically, it was hypothesized that procedural justice is positively related to job satisfaction and organizational commitment, which in turn influence both OCB and CWB. Additionally, transformational leadership was hypothesized to be positively associated with job satisfaction, identification with leader, and organizational commitment. Approximately 300 participants were recruited from two sources (one public health and one online panel) to participate in the online web survey. Findings from the present study indicate that both identification with leader and organizational commitment mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and OCB. Organizational commitment also mediated the relationship between procedural justice and OCB. Finally, similar to the OCB outcomes, identification with leader mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and CWB; however, unlike the outcomes with OCB, organizational commitment did not predict CWB. Results from this study identify key factors such as transformational leadership, identification with the leader and organizational commitment on which organizations could focus in predicting the behaviors they desire and discouraging behaviors that are harmful.

Date: 2021-01-20 Level: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors: Alexander Bäckström Rebecca Haddad Morgan Lindblom Title: In Search of the Right Content. Tutor: Aswo SafariKeywords: SMO, Marketing, Consumers, Companies Research: A qualitative research with alignment on semi structured interviews.The target group is the chosen companies and their representatives thatgets interviewed in order to examine the purpose of this study. Questions: How does the companies work to improve their accuracy amongtheir users in order to end higher up in the results within the searchengine? How does the companies work with balancing theirorganic and bought SMM? How can the companies work to strengthen their SMO within thedifferent parts of the consumers buy process? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out how the relevant companieswork with their SMO in order to end higher up in the search results insearch engines like Google. This to generate more traffic to theirwebsites. Beyond this the study also wants to research how the four companieswork with their organic and bought links within their SMM. The authors hope to be able to give advice to similar companies on how to work with their SMO in the future based on the results of this paper. Method: Qualitative research method with semi-structured interview/ focusgroups. Our target group is the people working with SMO within thefour companies this study analyses.Conclusion: The study concludes that the companies works a lot with analyzing how traffic gets into the website and where it comes from.There are lots of similarities in how the companies work with analyzing their target groups and planning. But they differ in some aspects between having a product or a service, otherwise they work similarly between the PPC teams and SEO teams. Concluding, the fourcompanies suggests that other companies implement SEO from an early stage and not as a final solution or use PPC as a quick fix for more traffic.

One of the most pressing needs society has in 2012 is addressing the plight of the 4 billion people, globally, who live at the bottom of the economic pyramid. Unless initiatives are undertaken to alleviate poverty and hardship in this portion of society, human potential will be wasted and the economic burden on the rest of society to support them will remain significant. In South Africa a significant portion of the population live at the bottom of the pyramid. One initiative to alleviate poverty and hardship is to enable bottom of the pyramid people who are excluded from formal financial services to access to them. By accessing formal financial services they would be able to safely save and borrow money. They would also be able to escape exploitative informal financial practices. Technology has the potential to expand access to financial services and reduce the cost of service provision. To date, however, it has not delivered on its promise of expanding financial inclusion at the bottom of the pyramid. Intermediaries, too, have been used to increase access to financial services but have also not successfully expanded financial inclusion at the bottom of the pyramid. Understanding which factors would allow these approaches to realize their potential has the ability to meaningfully contribute to addressing the plight of people at the bottom of the pyramid. This study brings together the potential of technology and the role of intermediaries to model expanding financial inclusion at the bottom of the pyramid in South Africa. The Technology Acceptance Model is used as a basis to propose an extended TAM model that explains adoption of technology enabled financial services through an intermediary at the bottom of the pyramid in South Africa. The proposed model is validated using structural equation modelling with data collected in a national survey in South Africa. The extended TAM model successfully explains more than 90% of the behavioural intention of financially excluded people at the bottom of the pyramid to adopt financial services through an intermediary. Using the findings, a strategic approach to expanding financial inclusion at the bottom of the pyramid is proposed. / Thesis (PhD(Eng))--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Industrial and Systems Engineering / unrestricted

Martensitic transformation is very important in austenitic stainless steels where the transformation induced plasticity phenomenon provides a combination of good mechanical properties, such as formability and strength. However, the difficulty of predicting the material behaviour is one of the major drawbacks of these steels. In order to model this behaviour it is of great importance to be able to characterize the morphology, crystallography and the amount of different types of martensite. The morphology and crystallography of thermal and deformation induced lath martensite in stainless steels were re-examined by means of optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. The experiments were performed on AISI301, 304 and 204Cu austenitic stainless steels. Plastic deformation was carried out by means of uniaxial tensile tests at the strain rate of  to produce strain induced α’-martensite at a temperature ranging from 0 to 60ºC. An in-situ measurement of the martensite content was performed during the tensile testing using a Ferritescope to provide the necessary experimental values for modelling. Optical microscopy revealed the morphology of the strain induced α’-martensite as sets of thin parallel needles that go through the parent austenite grain and stop at the grain or annealing twin boundaries. Large amount of α’-martensite could be seen at the intersection of shear bands. However, considerable amount of α’-martensite was also observed when only one set of bands is activated. EBSD was successfully used to analyze the morphology and crystallography of martensite. The α’-martensite maintained the Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationship with the austenite phase. Although all six possible variants did not appear within a single packet, one or two variants were often favoured out of six related to the specific {111} plane. The misorientations between the neighbouring variants were mainly &lt;111&gt; 60º or &lt;110&gt; 49.5º.

Background SMEs are the backbone of the economies across the world, and the different markets they function in have been globalized in recent years. This has resulted even greater demands on SMEs different capabilities to give them the competitive edge they need to stay in front of competition. Some identified capabilities that can give them superior advantage to competition are information technology, business process management and customer relationship management. These capabilities have been studied in different context and on different levels. However, in this study the focus is on the different dimensions of IT and CRM in relation to BPM. More specifically the dimension of IT being IT knowledge and IT operations and the dimension of CRM being Customer interaction management. Objectives The goals of this study are to give further understanding into the characteristics of the SMEs IT knowledge, IT operations, Customer interaction management and Business process management. And the interrelationship between these capabilities. Methods Structural equation modelling was used for the analysis of the answers received on a questionnaire sent out to different SMEs performing in different sectors on the Swedish market. Results The study resulted in 195 gathered answers, whereof 169 were used, from SMEs working in 9 different sectors, the predominant sector was the manufacturing sector. The results suggest that the CIM capabilities is the strongest one, followed up by ITK, BPM and the lowest being ITO. The analysis suggested rejected the hypothesis of a positive direct impact between ITK and CIM and ITO and CIM. But it accepted the hypothesis of a positive direct impact of BPM on CIM. Conclusions The findings suggest that SMEs must rethink their BPM and ITK capabilities as negative correlations were found between ITK and BPM. Additionally, it was found that BPM mediated a negative effect between ITK and CIM. Future research should be done to understand where the misfits between BPM and IT lies in SMEs in different sectors.

This study develops a theoretical framework to examine the major dimensions of transformational leadership style (TLS), public service motivation (PSM), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and public organization performance (POP). It is hypothesized that when employees perceived a public organization is practicing a transformational leadership style, they are likely to have a favorable view on the performance of their organization, but the effect is indirect and mediated by OCB. At the same time, if employees have a strong desire to serve and improve the welfare of others, they are likely to perform beyond their job requirements and thus, likely to express a positive view on the organizational performance. A structural equation modeling was used to examine 1,016 public employees (67.7% response rate) in the Guadalajara metropolitan area, Mexico i.e., concerning their perceptions about leadership style, motivation to serve in the public sector, citizenship behaviors, and public organizational performance. The results suggest that if Mexican public employees perceived their leaders to adopt a transformational leadership style, they were likely to have a favorable view on the performance of their organization (direct effect); and that, the effect is mediated by their tendency to engage in activities that would contribute to the functioning of the organization without expecting any kinds of reward (indirect effect). In addition, if employees have a strong motivation to serve in the public sector, they are also likely to have a favorable view on the performance of the organization; and that, the positive effect is mediated by their tendency to act for the goodness of other employees and organizations without expecting some form of reward (indirect effect). A multi-group analysis, based on the hypothesized model, revealed the associations varied across three groups: difference between male and female, places of employment within the public sector (i.e., local or state government), and job descriptions or major tasks performed by employees in an organization (i.e., services oriented or administrative role).