For eight years, dancers in the United States performed and taught as employees of the federal government. They were eligible for the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA), a Department of Labor program that assisted the unemployed during the recession of the late 1970s. Dance primarily occurred in artistic or leisure contexts, and employing dancers as federal government workers shifted dance to a labor context. CETA dancers performed “public service” in senior centers, hospitals, prisons, public parks, and community centers. Through a combination of archival research, qualitative interviews, and philosophical framing, I address how CETA disrupted public spaces and forced dancers and audiences to reconsider how representation functions in performance. I argue that CETA supported dance as public service while local programs had latitude regarding how they defined dance as public service. Part 1 is entitled Intersections: Dance, Labor, and Public Art and it provides the historical and political context necessary to understand how CETA arts programs came to fruition in the 1970s. It details how CETA arts programs relate to the history of U.S. federal arts funding and labor programs. I highlight how John Kreidler initiated the first CETA arts program in San Francisco, California, and detail the national scope of arts programming. In Part 2 of this dissertation, CETA in the Field: Dancers and Administrators, I focus on case studies from the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New York, New York CETA arts programs to illustrate the range of how dance was conceived and performed as public service. CETA dancers were called upon to produce “public dance” which entailed federal funding, free performances in public spaces, and imagining a public that would comprise their audiences. By acknowledging artists and performers as workers who could perform public service, CETA was instrumental in shifting artists’ identities from rebellious outsiders to service economy laborers who wanted to be part of society. CETA arts programs reenacted Works Progress Administration (WPA) arts programs from the 1930s and adapted these ideas of artists as public servants into the Post-Fordist, service economy of the 1970s United States. CETA dancers became bureaucrats responsible for negotiating their work environments and this entailed a number of administrative duties. While this made it challenging for dancers to manage their basic schedules and material needs, it also allowed for a degree of flexibility, schedule gaps, and opportunities to create new performance and teaching situations. By funding dance as public service, CETA arts programs staged a macroeconomic intervention into the dance field that redefined dance as public service. / Dance

In this thesis, multiple ionisation processes of free atoms and molecules upon single photon absorption are studied by means of a versatile multi-electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy method based on a magnetic bottle, primarily in combination with synchrotron radiation. The latter offered the possibility to access not only valence but also core levels, revealing processes, which promote the target systems into different charge states. One study focuses on double and triple ionisation processes of acetaldehyde (ethanal) in the valence region as well as single and double Auger decay of initial 1s core vacancies. The latter are investigated site-selectively for the two chemically different carbon atoms of acetaldehyde, scrutinising theoretical predictions specifically made for that system. A related study concentrates on core-valence double ionisation spectra of acetaldehyde, which have been investigated in the light of a previously established empirical model, and which have been used as test cases for analysing this kind of spectra by means of quantum chemical electronic structure methods of increasing sophistication. A third study investigates site-specific fragmentation upon 1s photoionisation of acetaldehyde using a magnetic bottle augmented with an in-line ion time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Experimental evidence is presented that bond rupture occurs with highest probability in the vicinity of the initial charge localisation and possible mechanisms are discussed. A site-specificity parameter P∆ is introduced to show that differences in fragmentation behavior between initial ionisations at chemically different carbon atoms probably persist even for identical internal energy contents in the nascent dications. In another study where both electrons and ions from Auger decay of core-excited and core-ionised states of CO2 are detected in coincidence, it is confirmed that O2+ is formed specifically in Auger decay from the C1s → π* and O1s → π* resonances, suggesting a decisive role of the π* orbital in the molecular rearrangement. Also, the molecular rearrangement is found to occur by bending in the resonant states, and O2+ is produced by both single and double Auger decay. A new version of the multi-electron-ion coincidence method, where the ion time-of-flight spectrometer is mounted perpendicularly to the electron flight tube, which affects less the electron resolution and which allows for position sensitive detection of the ions, is employed in combination with tunable soft X-rays to reveal the branching ratios to final Xen+ states with 2 &lt; n &lt; 9 from pure 4d-1, 4p-1, 4s-1, 3d-1 and 3p-1 Xe+ hole states. The coincident electron spectra give information on the Auger cascade pathways. / <p>Byte av lokal vid disputation till Polhemssalen.</p>

O objeto de pesquisa desta dissertação compreende as especificidades do termo site-specific, palavra da língua inglesa usada internacionalmente em arte para caracterizar obras para as quais o contexto tem um papel determinante. A meta da pesquisa é dobrar o conceito implicado pelo termo sobre a própria palavra, ou seja, defender a idéia de que a expressão site-specific é em si site-specific e que, portanto, a sua utilização em outros contextos e línguas, que não o seu de origem, deve sofrer algum tipo de elaboração, ou tradução. O site-specific não é entendido somente como um assunto, mas como um método de abordagem da própria dissertação como um espaço específico, onde é possível propor uma operação artística. A tradução é abordada como uma operação poética, mais do que uma tentativa de gerar um termo em português que fizesse equivalência à palavra site-specific. Entende-se por operação poética a construção de um lugar relacional e colaborativo de diversos autores, línguas, idéias, conceitos e imagens; incluindo, a partir de estratégias conceituais, o leitor como um elemento constitutivo do jogo proposto. / The object of this research comprehends a critical investigation of the specificities of the term site-specific, which has been appropriated from the English language and used internationally to describe works of art which find in their context a defining role. The goal of the research is to fold the implied concept over the word itself, or, to defend the idea that the expression sitespecific is a site-specific in itself. Its use in other contexts and languages should therefore undergo some sort of elaboration, or translation. Site-specificity is understood not solely as a subject, but also as a method to constitute the dissertation itself as a specific site, where it is possible to propose an artistic operation. Translation is understood as a poetic operation, more than an attempt to create a word in Portuguese which would be equivalent to site-specific in English. What is understood by a poetic operation is the creation of a relational and collaborative field of several authors, languages, ideas, concepts and images; including, through conceptual strategies, the reader as a constitutive element of the game proposed.

O objeto de pesquisa desta dissertação compreende as especificidades do termo site-specific, palavra da língua inglesa usada internacionalmente em arte para caracterizar obras para as quais o contexto tem um papel determinante. A meta da pesquisa é dobrar o conceito implicado pelo termo sobre a própria palavra, ou seja, defender a idéia de que a expressão site-specific é em si site-specific e que, portanto, a sua utilização em outros contextos e línguas, que não o seu de origem, deve sofrer algum tipo de elaboração, ou tradução. O site-specific não é entendido somente como um assunto, mas como um método de abordagem da própria dissertação como um espaço específico, onde é possível propor uma operação artística. A tradução é abordada como uma operação poética, mais do que uma tentativa de gerar um termo em português que fizesse equivalência à palavra site-specific. Entende-se por operação poética a construção de um lugar relacional e colaborativo de diversos autores, línguas, idéias, conceitos e imagens; incluindo, a partir de estratégias conceituais, o leitor como um elemento constitutivo do jogo proposto. / The object of this research comprehends a critical investigation of the specificities of the term site-specific, which has been appropriated from the English language and used internationally to describe works of art which find in their context a defining role. The goal of the research is to fold the implied concept over the word itself, or, to defend the idea that the expression sitespecific is a site-specific in itself. Its use in other contexts and languages should therefore undergo some sort of elaboration, or translation. Site-specificity is understood not solely as a subject, but also as a method to constitute the dissertation itself as a specific site, where it is possible to propose an artistic operation. Translation is understood as a poetic operation, more than an attempt to create a word in Portuguese which would be equivalent to site-specific in English. What is understood by a poetic operation is the creation of a relational and collaborative field of several authors, languages, ideas, concepts and images; including, through conceptual strategies, the reader as a constitutive element of the game proposed.

The topic of my diploma thesis is connected to my previous studies at faculty of architecture. My intention is to explore very undesignable organic development of urban spaces, but for an architect it is difficult and unusual to work with because of standardized planning process of public spaces. Using art based research I am trying to find, define, and prove existence of mental space that complements material shape of urbanized areas. As a locality for experiment I chose a street I live in for five years, and simultaneously had a wretched destiny – the Křížová Street of Old Brno district. As a piece of diploma project I present a lecture and lecture noteshowing – results of abstract contemplation gained by research in the locality. The aim of lecture is to encourage audience in ability to percieve and trust in existence of mental space in a way I described it.

Krátká, M.: My city a century ago [Diploma Thesis] Praha 2014 - Charles University, Faculty of Education, Art Education Department, 135 p. The diploma thesis focuses on cross-curricular connection of two educational areas; The Art and Culture - Art education and "Man and His World". The thesis also analyzes textbooks of the "Man and His World" educational area and determines how and to what extent it is focused on the theme of home, region, the past, identity of subject and places of public area. The empirical part consists of an educational project closely linking the curriculum of art education with curriculum of the subject "Man and His World". It focuses on primary education and it's goal is to effectively educate children about the history of the town they live in using interdisciplinary approach. The educational project is based on theoretical findings stated in the theoretical part of the diploma thesis. It is also set to the context of contemporary art but in comparison to modern art it seems to be based more traditionally. Key words: Interdisciplinarity, Art Education, school subject, educational domain, Project-Based Learning, site, memory of the site, community, Site-specific art.

VIKOVÁ, Tereza. The Uses of Public Space in Connection to Visual Art and Art Education [Dissertation]. Prague, 2019. Charles University, Faculty of Education, Art Education Department. 98 pages (Attachments on CD: 1 text, 2 image attachments) The subject matter of the master's thesis is the use of public space. Namely a way of use when the user, on the basis of self-awareness in the common space, feels and assumes responsibility for this space. The author is particularly interested in the moment of focus, which may (or may not) result in action and become a change. In this context, the so called gentle action phenomenon is being mentioned. That is, an individual's actions emanating from within the system itself, which is usually characterized by subtle action with a deeper, more far-reaching effect. The author's central ideas are applied in a thematic series consisting of a combination of a didactic and an artistic part. Together, they create a coherent whole. The author shows her own approach to the problem (in relation to fine art and art education) based on the extraction of a public space element from its everyday environment, its temporary appropriation and restitution. Particular topics reveal the aspects of private and public and outline the ways in which the user relates to his or her...

This practice-as-research project investigates how a piece of site-responsive Installation Art, titled Triple Point Dunnage (exhibited in Royal William Yard, June 2009), can be used to generate knowledge about memory work through experience of site. Working in dialogue with the ideas of Daniel C. Dennett, Lucy Lippard and Gaston Bachelard, I attempted to create a permeable and fluctuating creative setting for the memory work of participants. An approach that used site as a stimulant within a process which also incorporated theoretical themes. During the period of design and construction, I interacted with and recorded interviews with people who had a personal connection with the site or with an interest in how memory works. The final installation presented layers of spoken fragmented content in a dialectic relationship within the installation’s spatial construction. The responses of the installation’s visitors and participants were collated through a response book and interviews. These were analysed in order to discover to what extent, if at all, the properties I had developed and designed into the work had shaped the engagements of the participants. The multi-valented properties of the work generated an array of responses that suggested that the viewers had fashioned their experience by blending the fragmented stories of others with their own personal histories. This engagement resembles Dennett’s concept of “self-narrator” and resonates with Bachelard’s concept of the fusion of physical and psychological space and Lippard’s understanding of place. By exploring memory through site Triple Point Dunnage generated a sense of place that was a fusion of the participants’ responses to the external physical environment and their associative memories stimulated by the affective fragmented properties of the work.

Le système de recombinaison Xer est impliqué dans la monomerisation des réplicons bactériens, comme les plasmides et les chromosomes, dans une grande variété de bactéries. Ce système est un système de recombinaison site-spécifique composé de deux tyrosine recombinases, soit XerC et XerD. Ils agissent ensemble afin de convertir les chromosomes dimériques en monomères en agissant à un site spécifique près du terminus de la réplication, appelé le site dif. Les gènes Xer et leur site d’action sont identifiés dans plusieurs bactéries gram positives et gram négatives. Staphylococcus aureus représente une bactérie gram positive qui contient un système XerCD/dif. Elle est impliqué dans plusieurs maladies humaines, tels que des infections cutanées, des gastroentérites, et le syndrome de choc toxique, pour en nommer quelques unes. Bien que les gènes codant les protéines XerC et XerD ont été identifiés, il y a beaucoup d’inconnu sur leur mode d’action au site dif. Des mutations dans XerC ont été obtenues, mais aucune dans XerD, suggérant que ce gène pourrait être essentiel pour cet organisme. Les études présentées dans ce mémoire ont permis de commencer à mieux caractériser XerD de S. aureus, en séquençant le gène et en faisant des tests de liaison à l’ADN. Elles ont montré que la recombinase XerD se lie au site dif d’Eschericia coli seul et de façon coopérative avec la recombinase XerC d’E. coli. XerD de S. aureus est, aussi, efficace dans la complémentation de XerD muté d’E. coli dans la réaction de recombinaison chromosomique. Cependant, elle ne démontre pas cette même capacité de complémentation lors de la recombinaison plasmidique aux sites cer. / The Xer recombination system is involved in the monomerisation of bacterial replicons, such as plasmids and chromosomes, in a wide variety of bacteria. This system is a site-specific recombination system comprised of two tyrosine recombinases, XerC and XerD, which act in concert to convert dimeric chromosomes to monomers by acting at a specific site near the terminus of replication called the dif site. Xer genes and their site of action have been identified in many gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus represents a gram positive bacterium containing a XerCD/dif system. It is a bacteria implicated in many human diseases, such as skin infections, gastroenteritis and toxic shock syndrome, to name a few. Although the genes encoding the XerC and XerD proteins have been identified, not much is known about their mode of action on the dif site. Mutations in xerC have been obtained, but none in xerD, suggesting that this gene may be essential for this organism. The work presented in this paper has allowed us to better understand the XerD protein of S. aureus, not only in the sequencing of the xerD gene but also in the performing of DNA binding assays. It has been shown that XerD binds to the dif site of E. coli, not only alone but also in cooperativity with E. coli XerC. S. aureus XerD is also capable of complementing the mutated XerD protein in E. coli when it comes to chromosomal recombination. However, it does not demonstrate this same ability to complement XerD regarding recombination at the plasmidic cer sites.

Chez les bactéries à chromosome circulaire, la réplication peut engendrer des dimères que le système de recombinaison site-spécifique dif/Xer résout en monomères afin que la ségrégation des chromosomes fils et la division cellulaire se fassent normalement. Ses composants sont une ou deux tyrosines recombinases de type Xer qui agissent à un site de recombinaison spécifique, dif, avec l’aide de la translocase FtsK qui mobilise l’ADN au septum avant la recombinaison. Ce système a été d’abord identifié et largement caractérisé chez Escherichia coli mais il a également été caractérisé chez de nombreuses bactéries à Gram négatif et positif avec des variantes telles que les systèmes à une seule recombinase comme difSL/XerS chez Streptococcus sp et Lactococcus sp. Des études bio-informatiques ont suggéré l’existence d’autres systèmes à une seule recombinase chez un sous-groupe d’ε-protéobactéries pathogènes, dont Campylobacter jejuni et Helicobacter pylori. Les acteurs de ce nouveau système sont XerH et difH. Dans ce mémoire, les premières recherches in vitro sur ce système sont présentées. La caractérisation de la recombinase XerH de C. jejuni a été entamée à l’aide du séquençage de son gène et de tests de liaison et de clivage de l’ADN. Ces études ont montré que XerH pouvait se lier au site difSL de S. suis de manière non-coopérative : que XerH peut se lier à des demi-sites de difSL mais qu’elle ne pouvait, dans les conditions de l’étude effectuer de clivage sur difSL. Des recherches in silico ont aussi permis de faire des prédictions sur FtsK de C. jejuni. / DNA replication can form dimers in bacteria harboring a circular chromosome. The dif/Xer recombination system resolves monomers them so that chromosome segregation and cell division take place normally. This system is composed of one or two tyrosine recombinases that act at a specific recombination site, dif, with the help of the FtsK translocase that mobilises DNA to the septum before recombination. The Xer system has been first identified and widely characterized in Escherichia coli where XerC and XerD are the recombinases. The system has been found and studied in many other Gram negative and positive bacteria. A different form, carrying a single recombinase acting on an atypical site, has been identified in Streptococci and Lactococci, difSL/XerS. In silico studies suggested the existence of other single recombinase systems in a sub-group of pathogenic ε-proteobacteriasuch as Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori. The components of this system were identified as XerH and difH. In this thesis, the first in vitro studies made on this system are presented. The characterization of the XerH recombinase of C. jejuni started with the sequencing of its gene and with the DNA binding and cleavage assays. These studies showed that XerH could bind difSL of S. suis non-cooperatively, that it could bind difSL half-sites and that it was unable to perform cleavage on difSL. Also, in silico comparisons permitted predictions on FtsK of C. jejuni.