Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:01:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_pgg_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 525074 bytes, checksum: 52d948b8418c2241104df84f8dd60b54 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Lesões tendíneas, especialmente do tendão flexor digital superficial dos membros torácicos, são importantes enfermidades que acometem a espécie equina, e apresentam alto índice de recidivas e afastamento da atividade atlética. Os avanços médicos e pesquisas relacionadas têm mostrado crescente interesse na utilização da terapia celular em tratamentos dessas lesões que apresentam uma cicatrização lenta ou ineficaz. Existem dúvidas quanto à persistência e comportamento das células tronco mesenquimais (CTM) implantadas no local da lesão e de sua migração a outros locais inflamados. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar CTM marcadas com nanocristais antes e após o implante em lesões experimentais do tendão flexor digital superficial (TFDS) de eqüinos, observando a possibilidade de migração das CTM para outro foco de lesão realizado no membro contralateral do animal. Para isso, foram utilizados cinco equinos, submetidos à indução de lesões no TFDS em ambos os membros torácicos e, após sete dias, foram implantadas as CTM autólogas marcadas com nanocristais Qtracker 655 em um dos membros do animal. Sete dias após o implante, foram realizadas biópsias dos tendões, congelados em nitrogênio, sendo posteriormente realizados cortes histológicos para visualização em microscópio de fluorescência. Paralelamente, células marcadas com nanocristal foram mantidas em cultivo por 24 horas e, após este período, avaliou-se a sua viabilidade. Nas lesões que receberam células marcadas, foram visualizados sinais fluorescentes nas amostras, enquanto estes eram ausentes nas lesões dos membros contralaterais. As CTM marcadas e injetadas no tecido tendíneo mantiveram sua fluorescência sete dias após o implante in vivo, não sendo observado migração para o membro contralateral. As células mantiveram sua viabilidade após 24 horas de incubação com o marcador Qtracker / Tendon lesions, especially of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) on forelimb, are important injuries in equine, because have high reinjury incidence and can cause retirement of athletic activities. Medical researches have shown growing interest on using stem cell therapy in the treatment of lesion with slow or ineffective repair. There are doubts regarding the persistency of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) implanted on the lesion site and of its migration to other injury sites. This study aims to identify marked MSC with nanoparticles quantum dots (QD) before and after the implant in equine induced tendinitis and to verify if there is a migration to another injury site on the contralateral. Five equines have a SDFT tendinitis induced on both forelimb and, after seven days, have seeded autologous MSC, marked with quantum dots Qtracker 655 in one of the limbs. Seven days after the implant, biopsies of the tendons were conducted, in which histological cuts were made for visualization in fluorescence microscope. The viability of the cells marked with nanoparticles and kept in cultivation was evaluated after 24 hours of incubation. Fluorescent signs were visualized on samples of the lesions that received marked cells, while they were absent on the lesions of the contralaterals. The marked MSCs kept their fluorescent emission, making it possible to identify them after seven days of in vivo implant, not occurring migration to the opposite limb. The cells maintained their viability in cultivation after 24 hours of incubation with the Qtracker marker

Orientador: Ana Liz Garcia Alves / Coorientador: Fernanda da Cruz Landim e Alvarenga / Banca: Anna Paula Balesdent Barreira / Banca: Brunna Patricia Almeida da Fonseca / Banca: Rogério Martins Amorim / Banca: Carlos Alberto Hussni / Resumo: Lesões tendíneas, especialmente do tendão flexor digital superficial dos membros torácicos, são importantes enfermidades que acometem a espécie equina, e apresentam alto índice de recidivas e afastamento da atividade atlética. Os avanços médicos e pesquisas relacionadas têm mostrado crescente interesse na utilização da terapia celular em tratamentos dessas lesões que apresentam uma cicatrização lenta ou ineficaz. Existem dúvidas quanto à persistência e comportamento das células tronco mesenquimais (CTM) implantadas no local da lesão e de sua migração a outros locais inflamados. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar CTM marcadas com nanocristais antes e após o implante em lesões experimentais do tendão flexor digital superficial (TFDS) de eqüinos, observando a possibilidade de migração das CTM para outro foco de lesão realizado no membro contralateral do animal. Para isso, foram utilizados cinco equinos, submetidos à indução de lesões no TFDS em ambos os membros torácicos e, após sete dias, foram implantadas as CTM autólogas marcadas com nanocristais Qtracker 655 em um dos membros do animal. Sete dias após o implante, foram realizadas biópsias dos tendões, congelados em nitrogênio, sendo posteriormente realizados cortes histológicos para visualização em microscópio de fluorescência. Paralelamente, células marcadas com nanocristal foram mantidas em cultivo por 24 horas e, após este período, avaliou-se a sua viabilidade. Nas lesões que receberam células marcadas, foram visualizados sinais fluorescentes nas amostras, enquanto estes eram ausentes nas lesões dos membros contralaterais. As CTM marcadas e injetadas no tecido tendíneo mantiveram sua fluorescência sete dias após o implante in vivo, não sendo observado migração para o membro contralateral. As células mantiveram sua viabilidade após 24 horas de incubação com o marcador Qtracker / Abstract: Tendon lesions, especially of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) on forelimb, are important injuries in equine, because have high reinjury incidence and can cause retirement of athletic activities. Medical researches have shown growing interest on using stem cell therapy in the treatment of lesion with slow or ineffective repair. There are doubts regarding the persistency of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) implanted on the lesion site and of its migration to other injury sites. This study aims to identify marked MSC with nanoparticles quantum dots (QD) before and after the implant in equine induced tendinitis and to verify if there is a migration to another injury site on the contralateral. Five equines have a SDFT tendinitis induced on both forelimb and, after seven days, have seeded autologous MSC, marked with quantum dots Qtracker 655 in one of the limbs. Seven days after the implant, biopsies of the tendons were conducted, in which histological cuts were made for visualization in fluorescence microscope. The viability of the cells marked with nanoparticles and kept in cultivation was evaluated after 24 hours of incubation. Fluorescent signs were visualized on samples of the lesions that received marked cells, while they were absent on the lesions of the contralaterals. The marked MSCs kept their fluorescent emission, making it possible to identify them after seven days of in vivo implant, not occurring migration to the opposite limb. The cells maintained their viability in cultivation after 24 hours of incubation with the Qtracker marker / Doutor

Lack of diversity in the science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) has been a problem for many decades and continues to be a concern. Efforts to recruit and retain underrepresented minorities (URMs) in the workforce include outreach programs that target students at different educational levels. Prior studies examined the effects of these programs, basing the success on the number of students who continued to pursue field-specific higher education. In this study, I investigated the effect of outreach programs by reviewing studies on 15 programs and inclusive high schools that recruit students for STEMM. I also examined program components to determine any commonality among these programs to create a guide for developing more effective programs. Based on the review, outreach programs were able to achieve their goals and sustain students’ interests in the fields. The common elements found among the programs include: stimulating learning environment, hands-on activities, mentorship, and incentives. Based on the common features of the programs, I predicted that the Boston Area Health Education Center (BAHEC) program has the design of curriculum that can lead to success, but offering a type of mentorship can further ensure the effectiveness of the program.

Die Hochdosischemotherapie (HDCT) wurde als Therapiestrategie zur Verbesserung des Therapieansprechens bei Patienten mit rezidivierten und/oder refraktären Keimzelltumoren entwickelt. Im Zeitraum von August 1989 bis September 1995 wurden insgesamt 150 Patienten mit rezidivierten und/oder refraktären Keimzelltumoren in konsekutive Therapieprotokolle mit einer konventionell-dosierten Chemotherapie gefolgt von einem Zyklus HDCT mit Carboplatin in der Dosierung 1500-2000 mg/m², Etoposide in der Dosierung 1200-2400 mg/m² und Ifosfamid in der Dosierung 0-10 g/m² eingeschlossen und retrospektiv ausgewertet. Nach einem medianen Follow-up von 55 Monaten (Spanne 21-88 Monate) lebten 51/150 (34%) Patienten und waren tumorfrei. Das berechnete ereignisfreie Überleben lag bei 29%, das Gesamtüberleben bei 39%. Die Bedeutung von Prognosefaktoren für das Therapieansprechen auf HDCT wurden prospektiv bestätigt. Persistierende Toxizitäten traten bei gut einem Drittel der Langzeitüberlebenden auf. Die intensivierte Behandlung mit HDCT resultierte in einem signifikanten Anteil an Langzeitüberlebenden bei Patienten mit rezidivierten und/oder refraktären Keimzelltumoren. Klinische Studien zur prospektiven Evaluierung der HDCT als frühe Therapieintervention scheinen gerechtfertigt. / High-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) has evolved as a strategy to improve treatment outcome in patients with relapsed and/or refractory germ cell tumors. Between August 1989 and September 1995, 150 consecutive patients with relapsed and/or refractory germ cell tumors were treated with conventional-dose salvage chemotherapy followed by one cycle of HDCT with carboplation 1500-2000 mg/m², etoposide 1200-2400 mg/m² and ifosfamide 0-10 g/m² and were retrospetively analysed. With a median follow-up time of 55 month (range 21-88 month) 51/150 (34%) patients were alive and disease free. The projected event-free and overall survival are 29% and 39% respectively. The relevance of prognostic variables for long-term survival after HDCT were prospectively confirmed. Persisting toxicities occured in approximately one third of long-term survivors. Treatment intensification with HDCT resulted in a significant proportion of long-term survivors in patients with relapsed and/or refractory germ cell tumors. Trials to prospetively evaluate HDCT as an early intervention in these patients semm justified.