Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-03-14T13:50:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoAlvesTillmannTese2017.pdf: 2083091 bytes, checksum: 68c9258b81b447f4c6639f2fa491d212 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2018-03-14T13:51:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoAlvesTillmannTese2017.pdf: 2083091 bytes, checksum: 68c9258b81b447f4c6639f2fa491d212 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-14T13:51:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoAlvesTillmannTese2017.pdf: 2083091 bytes, checksum: 68c9258b81b447f4c6639f2fa491d212 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-29 / This work comprises two studies on labor economics. The first uses a dynamic programming model to define the steady state equilibrium between workers, firms and government, in an economy where a matching function defines hiring and salaries are the result from a bargaining process. With the introduction of policy changes the effects on wages, investment in professional training and unemployment rate are compared with the original equilibrium of the economy. The results indicate that changes towards higher production - especially productivity shocks - have proved more effective to increase jobs and wages, but generates a disincentive to workers invest to raise skill level. The second study examines the cyclical behavior of benefit policies for unemployed in Brazil and the possibility of misalignment of incentives in Brazilian labor legislation. It is used a survey to see if and how the willingness to participate in a dismissal agreement modifies with changes in benefits and perceived risk of punishment levels. Statistically, the findings only suggest that there may be a reaction to the perception of access to a greater or lesser benefit value, but they are statistically significant to the perception of punishment, indicating that an increase in supervision seems to be the measure that provides the immediate results to policy alignment. / Este trabalho compreende dois estudos em economia do trabalho. No primeiro ?? utilizado um modelo de programa????o din??mica para a defini????o do equil??brio estacion??rio entre trabalhadores, firmas e governo, numa economia onde as contrata????es s??o definidas por meio de uma fun????o de matching e os sal??rios por um processo de barganha. Altera????es de pol??ticas e choques s??o introduzidos ao modelo e seus efeitos sobre sal??rios, investimento em capacita????o e taxa de desemprego s??o comparados aos do equil??brio original da economia. Os resultados indicam que medidas que incentivem a produ????o - em especial choques de produtividade - se mostraram mais efetivas para ganhos em empregos e sal??rios, mas trazem em contrapartida o desincentivo ao investimento para acr??scimo do n??vel de habilidade profissional. O segundo estudo examina o comportamento pr?? c??clico das pol??ticas de benef??cios pagos aos desempregados no Brasil e a possibilidade de desalinhamento de incentivos na legisla????o trabalhista brasileira. Um experimento de campo foi realizado para verificar se e como a disposi????o em participar de um acordo de demiss??o se modifica diante da varia????o no n??vel de benef??cios e da percep????o do risco de puni????o. Estatisticamente os achados apenas sugerem que pode haver rea????o ?? percep????o de acesso a maior ou menor valor de benef??cios, mas s??o estatisticamente significantes quanto ao poder da percep????o de puni????o, indicando que o incremento da fiscaliza????o parece ser a medida que proporciona os resultados mais imediatos para alinhamento da pol??tica de benef??cios.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-20T12:41:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AugustoMarquesdeCastroOliveiraTese2016.pdf: 1480175 bytes, checksum: 685cbd36b095f75ce34ce81520f25b3e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-20T12:41:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AugustoMarquesdeCastroOliveiraTese2016.pdf: 1480175 bytes, checksum: 685cbd36b095f75ce34ce81520f25b3e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T12:41:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AugustoMarquesdeCastroOliveiraTese2016.pdf: 1480175 bytes, checksum: 685cbd36b095f75ce34ce81520f25b3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-05 / This work includes two studies. The first refers to an infinite horizon model of educational level choice, in which we find that in the long term, a stable relationship between wages and spending on education. On the demand side, it is assessed the impact of the workers` skill premium on the relative demand of qualified workers in the Brazilian Federal States (UF's). An analogous analysis if performed for the country members of the European Union (EU). The second study considers a dynamic model with habit formation and infinite horizon in which the consumer is a borrower which decides her level of consumption, payment of her debt and the new loans contract. It is estimated the parameters of this model using data from the Brazilian credit market and analyzed the sensitivity of the variables at steady state with respect to shocks in the interest rate to evaluate the impacts of monetary policy on the Brazilian credit market. / Este trabalho compreende dois estudos. O primeiro refere-se a um modelo de horizonte infinito de escolha de n??vel educacional, no qual encontramos que, no longo prazo, existe uma rela????o est??vel entre sal??rios e gastos em educa????o. Pelo lado da demanda, foi analisado o impacto do diferencial de sal??rios dos trabalhadores com diferentes n??veis de qualifica????o sobre a demanda das Unidades Federativas do Brasil (UF??s) e dos pa??ses integrantes da Uni??o Europeia (UE). O segundo estudo refere-se a um modelo din??mico com h??bitos no consumo e horizonte infinito no qual o consumidor ?? tomador de cr??dito e decide o seu n??vel de consumo, o pagamento de sua d??vida e a contrata????o de novos empr??stimos. Estimam-se os par??metros desse modelo utilizando os dados do mercado de cr??dito brasileiro e analisamos a sensibilidade das vari??veis no estado estacion??rio a choques na taxa de juros para verificar quais s??o os impactos da pol??tica monet??ria sobre o mercado de cr??dito brasileiro.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-27T00:23:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaMedeirosDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 6949653 bytes, checksum: 7d29f43511f0222c25f36a334b8da9e7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-02T19:09:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaMedeirosDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 6949653 bytes, checksum: 7d29f43511f0222c25f36a334b8da9e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-02T19:09:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariliaMedeirosDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 6949653 bytes, checksum: 7d29f43511f0222c25f36a334b8da9e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Esta disserta??o consistiu em avaliar os efeitos da Pol?tica de Valoriza??o do Sal?rio M?nimo sobre o emprego e a distribui??o de renda no longo prazo. Com base nas teorias de Keynes e Kalecki foram discutidos os efeitos de um aumento do sal?rio sobre o n?vel de emprego e sobre a distribui??o de renda, e os prov?veis canais e fatores a partir dos quais esses efeitos podem incidir sobre as vari?veis em quest?o. A metodologia da disserta??o apoiou-se no uso de simula??es computacionais, no modelo macroecon?mico multissetorial MKS, de Cavalcanti Filho (2002). Para um conjunto de combina??es de par?metros de pol?ticas econ?micas, a an?lise das simula??es gerou resultados, que correspondem aos efeitos apontados pelos fundamentos te?ricos. Conclui-se que, para as diferentes combina??es de pol?ticas fiscal e monet?ria simuladas, a Pol?tica de Valoriza??o do Sal?rio M?nimo se mostrou eficaz para os objetivos a que se prop?e a regra de reajuste. / This research aimed at evaluating the effects of Minimum Wage Enhancement Policy of employment and long-term income distribution. Based on the theories of Keynes and Kalecki, the effects of salary raise on employment and on income distribution were discussed as well as the channels and factors from which these effects may relate to the variables involved. The methodology of this dissertation consisted of generation of computer simulations based on the multisectorial macroeconomic MKS model developed by Cavalcanti Filho (2002) to test the effects of Minimum Wage Enhancement Policy and check whether the keynesian and kaleckian channels and factors and were valid. For a set of economic policy parameter combinations (tax rates, rules for the expansion of public spending and the determination of interest rates by the Central Bank), the analysis of the simulations generated results that correspond to the ones mentioned by the theoretical basis. The conclusion is that for different combinations of fiscal and monetary simulated policies, the Minimum Wage Enhancement Policy is effective to expand employment and improve income distribution in workers favor.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JonilsonSF_DISSERT.pdf: 3703447 bytes, checksum: 91765e0c08059d8842a7eaffc73d1209 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-21 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This research objectify to analyze the effects of minimum wage recovery in the household consumption in the Brazil, northeastern region of the Brazil and the state of the Rio Grande do Norte, in the period of 1995 to 2011. This is because the search for the strengthening of the internal market, via incentive policies to private demand has assumed prominence in the Government agenda. Thus, under the justification of the fierce debate about the effectiveness of countercyclical policies of Brazil, in view of the recent economic crisis, aims to: 1) retake the theoretical debate and, to a certain extent, the evolution of the theory of household consumption, as well as some conclusions about their connection with the minimum wage; 2) to describe the experiences and the effects of this legislation in economic history, with emphasis on the Brazilian case; 3) to present some of the available statistics to research bases, with attention to the specifics of each and the empirical results found for consumption in Brazil; 4) to estimate the effects of minimum wage variation in household consumption in Brazil (BR), northeast (NE) and Rio Grande do Norte (RN). From this, in order to quantify this relationship, makes inferences from the effects of the wage bill and the minimum wage on consumption, in quarterly series (with ad hoc adjustment from the "weights" of each quarter), from classic model of multiple linear regression. The hypothesis is that released: increments in income, derived from the policy of minimum wage recovery will influence directly the household consumption. However, when comparing the results between the units analyzed, the expressiveness of the northeastern families of Brazil and Rio Grande do Norte families front national dynamics with income linked to this floor, drives most significant impacts spending decisions in NE and RN, thus reducing regional disparities in the consumer. The results indicate contrary evidence, because while for the BR a unitary variation in minimum wage increases the consumption in units monetary 1.28, to the NE and RN these parameters are respectively 1.05 and 1.09 / A busca do fortalecimento do mercado interno via pol?ticas de incentivo ? demanda, privada tem assumido destaque na agenda governamental, particularmente ap?s a crise de 2008. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos da valoriza??o do sal?rio m?nimo no consumo das fam?lias brasileiras, nordestinas e potiguares, no per?odo de 1995 a 2011. Sob a justificativa do debate acerca da efetividade das pol?ticas antic?clicas do Brasil, pretende: 1) recuperar o debate te?rico e, em certa medida, a evolu??o da teoria do consumo agregado, bem como algumas ila??es sobre sua liga??o com o sal?rio m?nimo; 2) descrever as experi?ncias e os efeitos desta legisla??o na hist?ria econ?mica, com ?nfase para o caso brasileiro; 3) apresentar algumas das bases estat?sticas dispon?veis ? pesquisa, com aten??o ?s especificidades de cada uma e aos resultados emp?ricos encontrados para o consumo no Brasil; 4) estimar os efeitos da varia??o do sal?rio m?nimo no consumo familiar no Brasil (BR), Nordeste (NE) e Rio Grande do Norte (RN). A partir disso, no sentido de quantificar essa rela??o, realiza infer?ncias dos efeitos da massa salarial e do sal?rio m?nimo no consumo, em s?ries trimestrais (com ajuste ad hoc a partir dos pesos de cada trimestre), via modelo cl?ssico de regress?o linear m?ltipla. A hip?tese lan?ada consiste que: incrementos na renda, derivados da pol?tica de valoriza??o do sal?rio m?nimo influenciar?o diretamente o consumo das fam?lias. Por?m, quando comparados os resultados entre as unidades analisadas, a expressividade das fam?lias nordestinas e potiguares frente ? din?mica nacional com renda vinculada a esse piso, impulsiona impactos mais significativos nas decis?es de gasto no NE e no RN, reduzindo assim as disparidades regionais de consumo. Os resultados apontam evid?ncias contr?rias, pois enquanto para o BR uma varia??o unit?ria no sal?rio m?nimo aumenta o consumo em 1,28 unidades monet?rias, para o NE e RN esses par?metros s?o, respectivamente, 1,05 e 1,09