FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O presente estudo compara experiÃncia (ceo-s) e severidade da cÃrie de primeira infÃncia (S-CPI), nÃveis salivares de estreptococos do grupo mutans (EGM), concentraÃÃo de proteÃna total salivar (CPT) e perfi l protÃico salivar (PPS), entre crianÃas nutridas e desnutridas. Cento e vinte crianÃas desnutridas, com 12 e 70 meses de idade, com e sem experiÃncia de cÃrie, foram divididas entre os graus de desnutriÃÃo de acordo com a OMS: leve (GI, n=31), moderado (GII, n=59) e grave (GIII, n=31). Quarenta e sete crianÃas nutridas (GN) participaram do experimento como controle. Saliva total nÃo estimulada foi coletada de todos os participantes e centrifugada; o sobrenadante foi retido, liofi lizado, armazenado a -20 C e analisado para CPT pelo mÃtodo de Bradford e eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida-SDS pelo mÃtodo de Laemmli. Saliva total estimulada foi coletada e utilizada para detecÃÃo de EGM no meio MSB (ufc/mL). Exame dental foi realizado e calculado o Ãndice ceo-s e S-CPI. As variÃveis idade ( p= 0,0000), logaritmo da contagem de EGM (p=0,0321) e estado nutricional (p=0,0316) apresentaram contribuiÃÃo positiva para o desenvolvimento da cÃrie dentÃria. As variÃveis sexo (p=0,7094) e CPT (p=0,2720), no entanto, nÃo contribuÃram de forma signifi cativa para a experiÃncia de cÃrie. Quando comparadas a GN, crianÃas GI (p=0,0042) e GIII (p=0,0372) apresentaran maior risco à cÃrie. NÃo houve alteraÃÃo do PPS das crianÃas dos grupos GN, GI e GII. O grupo GIII nÃo expressou uma banda protÃica (123,56+4,35 kDa) na presenÃa da doenÃa cÃrie. CPT nÃo se associou à experiÃncia de cÃrie (p=0,5651), severidade da doenÃa (p=0,6015) ou contaminaÃÃo por EGM (p=0,2162). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que o estado nutricional aumenta o risco à cÃrie em crianÃas desnutridas leve e grave, havendo um perfi l protÃico diferenciado em crianÃas gravemente desnutridas com experiÃncia de cÃrie. / The aim of the present study was to compare caries experience (dmfs), severity of early childhood caries (S-ECC), salivary mutans streptococci (MS) levels, total protein concentration (TPC) and salivary protein profi le (SPP) between nourished and malnourished children. One hundred and twenty 12-70 month-old malnourished children, with and without ECC were separated into being mildly (GI, n=31), moderately (GII, n=59) or severely (GIII, n=31) malnourished, according to WHO standards. Forty-seven nourished children (GN) were used as controls. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from all participants, subsequently centrifuged. Supernatants were lyophilized and stored at -20o C for posterior TPC analysis by the Bradford method. Salivary protein profi le was obtained by electrophoresis in SDSpoliacrilamide gel through the Laemmli method. Stimulated whole saliva was collected and used for MS detection in MSB agar medium. MS concentration in saliva was reported in cfu/ mL. Dental examination was performed and dmfs scores and S-ECC were calculated. Age (p=0,0000), MS counts (p=0,0321) and nutritional status (p=0,0316) demonstrated positive contribution for the development of dental caries. However, gender (p=0,7094) and TPC (0,2720) did not signifi cantly contribute with caries experience. When compared to GN, children in GI (p=0,0042) and GIII (p=0,0372) presented higher risk of experiencing dental caries. In addition, no differences in SPP were observed between these groups. GIII children did not express one protein band (123,56+4,35 kDa) in the presence of dental caries. TPC was not associated with caries experience (p=0,5651), severity of ECC (p=0,6015) or MS counts (p=0,2162). Our results suggest that nutritional status increases caries risk in mildly and severely malnourished children, and salivary protein profi le differs among severely malnourished children with dental caries.

Le virus West Nile,WNV est responsable de milliers de cas de morbidité et de mortalité chez les oiseaux, les chevaux et l’homme. Le WNV se transmet par des moustiques du genre Culex. Les méthodes entomologiques ne permettent pas l’évaluation individuelle directe du contact hôte/vecteur. 5 protéines salivaires de Culex ont été sélectionnées, produites, et évaluées comme des candidats antigéniques de l'exposition aux piqûres de Culex. Des sérums humains du sud de France exposés à des densités de Culex distinctes et des sérums de chevaux exposés à l'infection par le WNV ont été testés. Une protéine 30kD est reconnue par les chevaux exposés à Culex. Cependant, pas de différence de réponse d’anticorps n’a été observée entre les animaux faiblement et fortement exposés. Concernant les processus physiopathologiques de la maladie causée par le WNV, la cinétique des profils d'expression de protéines de l’hôte dans le cerveau de souris infectées par le WNV, a été étudiée sur des échantillons prélevés avant et après l’apparition des signes cliniques, en utilisant 2D-DIGE et iTRAQ. 148 protéines différentiellement exprimées. Les voies de signalisation altérées au cours de l'infection précoce et tardive ont été identifiées. Les profils protéiques de LCR de patients atteints de WNND et des individus témoins ont été comparés, en utilisant l’approche iTRAQ. 47 protéines ont été trouvées différemment exprimées chez les patients WNND. Un candidat potentiel biomarqueur, la Defensine-alpha1, a été évalué par ELISA sur des échantillons humains de LCR/sérum. Les biomarqueurs putatifs identifiés dans cette étude peuvent être un outil précieux d’évaluation de la mesure de la gravité du WNV. / West Nile Virus,WNV is responsible for thousands of cases of morbidity and mortality in birds, horses and humans. WNV is transmitted mainly by mosquitoes by Culex species, to avian hosts. Entomological methods did not give direct individual evaluation of the host/vector contact. 5 salivary proteins from the Culex genus were selected for a production under recombinant forms for further evaluation as potential antigenic candidates of exposure to Culex bites. Sera from individuals living in south of France exposed to distinct Culex density and sera from horses exposed to WNV infection were tested. The recombinant protein30 kDa was recognized only by horses exposed to Culex. However, no difference of antibody response between low and high exposed to Culex. Concerning the pathophysiological processes of WNV disease, a kinetics host brain protein expression profiles of WNV-infected mice using samples collected prior and after clinical signs apparition was performed using proteomic approaches 2D-DIGE and iTRAQ. 148 distinct proteins was found altered following WNV infections. The functional signaling networks in samples collected during early and late infection have been identified. Un examination of CSF protein profiles between patients with neuroinvasive disease (WNND) and control individuals was performed using iTRAQ approach. 47 proteins were found differentially expressed in WNND patients compared to controls. A potential biomarker candidates, defensin-alpha1 was assessed by ELISA using other human paired CSF/serum samples. The putative biomarker identified in this study may potentially be a valuable tool in the assessment of the extent of WNV severity.