This thesis is the result of an examination of a recently added intramural sports program at Brackenridge High School in San Antonio, Texas. Value and benefits are explored while, also, describing the planning and implementation of the program.

Bibliography: pages 131-146. / There is presently considerable debate as to the forms of relationships established between hunter-gatherers and their non-forager neighbours and whether relationships which are documented as having been established significantly affected these hunter-gatherer societies. In southern Africa, particular attention has been paid to the effects of such contact on hunter- gatherer communities of the south-western Cape and the Kalahari. The aim of this thesis has been to assess the nature and extent of relationships established between the south-eastern San and southern Nguni and Sotho communities and to identify the extent to which the establishment of these relationships may have brought about changes in the political, social and religious systems of south- eastern hunter-gatherers. General patterns characterising interaction between a number of San and non-San hunter-gatherer societies and farming communities outside the study area are identified and are combined with archaeological and historiographical information to model relationships between the south-eastern San and southern Nguni and Sotho communities. The established and possible effects of these relationships on some south-eastern San groups are presented as well as some of the possible forms in which changes in San religious ideology and ritual practice resultant upon contact were expressed in the rock art. It is suggested that the ideologies of many south-eastern San communities, rather than being characterised by continuity throughout the contact period, were significantly influenced by the ideological systems of the southern Nguni and Sotho and that paintings at the caves of Melikane and upper Mangolong, as well as comments made upon these paintings by the 19th century San informant, Qing, should be interpreted with reference to the religious ideologies and ritual practices of the southern Nguni and Sotho as well as those of the San. Other rock paintings in areas where contact between the south-eastern San and black farming communities was prolonged and symbiotic may need to be similarly interpreted.

Damage zones adjacent to or associated with faults are important to the geologic community because of their implications to hazards and their ability to preserve evidence for, and show history of, slip, fluid flow, and deformation associated with large strike-slip faults. We examine two fault zones in southern California where fault zone damage is expressed. We revisit the drilled crystalline core from the Cajon Pass California drill hole, 4 km northeast of the San Andreas fault (SAF), and 1 km north of the Cleghorn fault, to perform a systematic structural analysis of deformation and alteration associated with strike-slip faulting at the site. The core preserved 19 fault zones, 11 of which were not previously identified. The most significant fault is a fully intact steep-dipping fault zone at 3,402 m depth with potassium feldspar and epidote alteration. This fault correlates well with the nearby left-lateral Cleghorn fault. The extent of deformation varies within the core, and is controlled by the size of the fault zones intersected by the core. The extent of deformation varies and is controlled by the size of the faults the core intersected. We also examined the nature of right separation across the Clark fault damage zone along the Santa Rosa segment using a marker assemblage of biotite, hornblende-bearing tonalite - marble - bearing metasedimentary rocks - migmatite located in Coyote Mountain and the southeast Santa Rosa Mountains. Separation measured from this study is 16.8 km + 3.67 km / -6.03 km. Our measurement uses the updated location of the Clark fault in Clark Lake Valley and matches a distinctive lithologic contact across the fault instead of matching the diffuse western boundary of the Eastern Peninsular mylonite zone as previously used. We calculate the errors associated with projecting the contacts across Quaternary cover to the trace of the Clark fault, and consider a range of projections. Additional strain may have been accommodated in folds and small faults within the damage zone of the San Jacinto fault zone. Two large map-scale folds deform the marker assemblage near the San Jacinto fault zone and we tested whether Cretaceous ductile deformation or brittle late Quaternary right slip produced the folds.

Thesis. 1979. M.Arch.A.S.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Includes bibliographical references. / M.Arch.A.S.

Several species of the diatom genus Thalassiosira Cleve, were observed in freshwater phytoplankton samples collected from a fifty-two kilometer reach of the San Joaquin River in the vicinity of Stockton, California, USA. The study was conducted between the South Airport Way bridge near Vernalis and the Stockton Deep Water Ship Channel during fall and summer of both 2005 and 2006. The entire reach is freshwater habitat with the lower twenty-eight km strongly influenced by tidal flow reversals driven by the San Francisco Estuary. Ninety four whole water samples were collected from surface waters during the months of July, August, September and October in 2005 and the months of July and August in 2006. Six species of Thalassiosira were identified using scanning electron and light microscopy: T. weissjlogii (Grunow), T. gessneri Hustedt, T. lacustris (Grunow), T. visurgis (Grunow), T. decipiens (Grunow), and T. incerta (Makarova). Of the species observed, only T. weissjlogii has been previously reported in the freshwater portion of the San Joaquin River. The other five species have been previously reported from sites in the San Joaquin- San Francisco Estuary characterized as brackish, suggesting they are distributed in waters of various salinities ranging from freshwater to brackish within the river and estuary.

Today a good deal is known about the general nature and flora of vernal pools. Nevertheless, there is very limited information or actual documentation in the scientific literature. Vernal pools need to be studied more extensively. and they still offer unlimited opportunities for such research (Holland and Griggs 1976). The purpose of this investigation was to enumerate and compare the vascular plant species occurring at three vernal pools in the San Joaquin Valley of California.

with the widespread issuance of emergency credentials to elementary teachers in the state of California, much discussion has arisen concerning employment practices in the school districts. It has been asserted that some administrators and governing boards of schools have employed lesser qualified teachers for their districts in order to keep expenses low. It is conceivable that such practice might weaken professional standards and give rise to the employmant of teachers solely on their cost to the district rather than to their qualifications

The problem of juvenile delinquency is one that has received increasing emphasis during the past ten years. The rise and spread of the Coordinating Council Movement, the number of surveys made by public and private agencies on the subject, the increasing number of books published that deal with the problem and the new knowledge that has come from the Child Welfare Centers, the psychiatrists, and the psychologiste have all been noted and used by the various groups of interested citizens. Not only have we seen the rise of leisure time activities that are designed to meet the needs of the individual as well on the exceptional child, but we cannot forget the philosophy behind the present day educational theory that is re- calving more and more emphasis. The development of the guidance program, the new and broader concept of education as "all and any experience that widens the horizons of the ch114", and the on the one work program in Child Welfare Centers have all helped to bring the problem of how to lower the juvenile delinquency rate to the fore.

The primary motivation of this study is to analyze the 1D-2DH hydrodynamic model of the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (SFBD) outlined in Nederhoff et al. (2021). I compared model water level data to 70 tidal records from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the California Data Exchange Center (CDEC), and from local municipalities throughout the Bay Area to investigate how the model captures water levels and tidal constituent amplitudes. While the Nederhoff et al (2017) model analyzed an extended time period from 1950-2019, I analyzed M2 amplitude and tidal water levels for the water year of 2017 (WY2017) with a larger dataset that extended into the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Because WY2017 was a high river flow year for the Sacramento Delta, the model was able to be evaluated throughout a large range of flow regimes. I used harmonic analysis through the MATLAB package UTide (Codiga et al. 2011) to assess the model’s ability to replicate M2 amplitudes. I assessed the error for these M2 values as well as for tidal water levels. The average RMSE for M2 amplitude is 0.111 m across the entire model domain during WY2017, performing fairly consistent throughout the model. The one exception being the shallow and complex Grizzly Bay, which performed significantly worse, with RMSE values around 0.5 m. The model better replicated water levels in the 2DH grid representation of the San Francisco Bay ( Attempts to improve the model were mostly unsuccessful. I tried to increase the grid resolution at the Carquinez Strait to improve tidal propagation upstream, but altering the grid caused the coupling between the 2DH grid and 1D network to detach. This prevented the propagation of water flow in either direction at the coupling near Collinsville. The software required to fix this coupling was non-standard and unavailable for my usage, so I was unable to resolve the issue. I also attempted to create a new wind forcing file using in-situ data rather than the ERA5 reanalysis. This new wind forcing made negligible difference in water level and M2 model skill. An experiment in removing river flow showed that riverine impacts on elevating extreme water levels only have effects (>0.05 m) east of the Carquinez Strait. Extreme water levels west of this point in the San Pablo, Central, and South Bays are dominated by tides, storm surge, and to a lesser extent local wind. A decrease in tidal amplitude by river flow potentially decreases flood risk in some parts of the Bay during times of high outflow from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. I also investigated maximum equilibrium effects of constant wind in the two prevailing wind directions (southerly and westerly) of the San Francisco Bay. The wind setup effect become more prominent (>0.05 m) at and above a steady 10 m/s in both directions. This study also showed that wind likely exerts a small influence on tidal properties, especially for winds greater than 10 m/s.

El Distrito Minero Castaño Nuevo, localizado en el flanco oriental de la región morfoestructural de Cordillera Frontal de San Juan, constituye un sistema complejo donde dos tipos de depósitos epitermales de diferente naturaleza evolucionaron independientemente. La geología del sector comprende una sucesión de rocas volcánicas y piroclásticas que evolucionó desde composiciones andesíticas a riodacíticas, entre los 272,6 ± 2,3 Ma y los 267,6 ± 2,6 Ma (edades U/Pb en circones). Las edades de estas rocas, en conjunto con las características petrográficas y geoquímicas permiten asignarlas a la Formación Vega de Los Machos, la cual representa rocas emplazadas en un arco magmático sobre corteza continental, activo en el Pérmico inferior a medio, y que forman parte de la sección inferior del Grupo Choiyoi. En forma conjunta con la evolución de este vulcanismo, se desarrollaron dos sistemas hidrotermales cuyas características particulares permiten difrenciarlos. En primer lugar, se desarrolló un sistema vinculado a la circulación de fluidos ácidos, representado por texturas tipo vuggy silica, brechas freáticas con fragmentos de vuggy, y depósitos de sílice pulverulenta de tipo steam heated. Las asociaciones de alteración hidrotermal evidencian también el carácter ácido de los mismos, predominando dickita, NH4 illita, jarosita, alunita y sílice. Este sistema presenta una disposición coincidente con un corredor estructural NO-SE, y contiene anomalías de Au, Bi, As, Hg. Estas manifestaciones son cortadas por venillas de cuarzo-turmalina y presentan una alteración sobreimpuesta de turmalina-muscovita, en conjunto con anomalías de Cu-Mo. La edad estaría acotada por una serie de cuerpos intrusivos básicos irregulares, con edad U/Pb en circones de 270,6 ± 3,0 Ma. El segundo sistema hidrotermal presente en el distrito minero es el que reviste mayor importancia. Constituye el resultado de la circulación de fluidos neutralizados, y se manifiesta como vetas epitermales de cuarzo/adularia con mineralización de Au (± Ag), de edades entre 267,0 ± 2,2 y 265,9 ± 2,1 (Ar/Ar en adularia). Las vetas principales se emplazan en fallas de tipo normal y de rumbo, con desarrollo de zonas de apertura donde se reconocieron seis eventos de relleno y brechamiento, que evidencian fluctuaciones en las velocidades de ascenso de los fluidos. Dichos eventos fueron agrupados en episodios de acuerdo a su relación con la mineralización. Asimismo, se registran variaciones en las temperaturas de formación del cuarzo que compone a cada uno de los eventos y se identifican procesos de enfriamiento normal, ebullición sutil y ebullición violenta. El proceso de ebullición constituye el mecanismo principal de precipitación de la mena en las vetas del distrito, caracterizando a los episodios sin- y post-mineralización. La alteración hidrotermal vinculada a estas estructuras es reducida espacialmente, y las asociaciones de minerales reflejan condiciones de pH neutro. La relación Ag/Au para estos sistemas vetiformes es inferior a 10, lo que permite catalogarlos como depósitos epitermales auríferos. Las manifestaciones hidrotermales identificadas en el Distrito Minero Castaño Nuevo forman parte del Cinturón Metalogenético Gondwánico asociado al magmatismo del Grupo Choiyoi. Constituyen dos sistemas epitermales desarrollados en distintos niveles corticales, con anomalías moderadas de oro, cuyo estudio y correcto entendimiento son de gran importancia a escala local y regional. / The Castaño Nuevo Mining District, located on the eastern side of Cordillera Frontal, San Juan province, consists on a complex system where two different epithermal deposits with distinct characteristics evolved independently. The studied area comprises volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks that were extruded between 272.6 ± 2.3 Ma and 267.6 ± 2.6 Ma (Zircon U/Pb dating). The ages of these rocks in addition to the petrological and geochemical characteristics, allow to assign this sequence to the Vega de los Machos Formation, which was interpreted as the result of a magmatic arc evolution developed during Lower to Medium Permian, and make up the lower part of the Choiyoi Group. Together with the volcanism, two hydrothermal systems of different nature have evolved. The first one was developed from acidic fluids, and produced vuggy silica textures, phreatic breccias with vuggy fragments and steam heated-type alteration. Hydrothermal mineral assemblages also reflect fluid acidity, the main minerals associated are dickite, NH4 illite, jarosite, alunite and quartz. The distribution of these features is controlled by a NO-SE structural corridor, where anomalous values of Au, Bi, As and Hg are registered. The previous manifestations are cut by quartz-tourmaline veinlets, overprinting the acidic clays and involving Cu-Mo anomalies. The age of the whole system has not been determinated directly, but could be restricted by the age of the intrusion of irregular andesitic bodies (270.6 ± 3.0 Ma, zircon U/Pb). The second hydrothermal system is the most important deposit of the Castaño Nuevo Mining District, and has been developed from neutral fluids, and is represented by quartz/adularia epithermal veins with Au (± Ag) mineralization also from Permian age (267.0 ± 2.2 and 265.9 ± 2.1, adularia Ar/Ar dating). The main veins are related to normal and strike-slip faults, where, depending on the cinematics of each fault, open spaces are generated (jogs) where six events of infill and brecciation were identified. These events are related to fluid ascent velocity which fluctuated along time and was controlled by fracture opening speed. The events could be differentiated in terms of mineralization in three episodes pre-, sin- and post-mineralization. The main mechanism for gold precipitation on these veins is boiling, and each infill event could be classified as non-boiling, gentle boiling or flashing boiling event. Alteration assemblages related to these veins reflect the neutral conditions of the fluids and developed narrow halos surrounding the main structures. All veins show silver/gold ratios below 10, so quartz/adularia veins from Castaño Nuevo Mining District could be classified as gold-rich low sulfidation epithermal system. Hydrothermal manifestations identified at Castaño Nuevo Mining District belongs to the Choiyoi Magmatic Belt related to arc and back-arc extensional tectonism. The epithermal systems identified were developed at different depths from the surface and could be derived from different magmatic sources. The study and correct understanding of this district has a relevant regional and local significance.