[pt] Este estudo analisa criticamente as atribuições do orientador pedagógico no ciclo de alfabetização em escolas públicas do município de Duque de Caxias - RJ. A pesquisa busca responder as seguintes questões: Qual é a natureza da função do orientador pedagógico nas escolas públicas da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Duque de Caxias (SME/DC)? Que desafios são apontados pelos orientadores pedagógicos em termos da sua atuação no ciclo de alfabetização? Para responder essas questões analisam-se atribuições e percepções de orientadores pedagógicos sobre seus percursos de formação (ALARCÃO, 1996; NÓVOA, 2007; SHULMAN, 2014; TARDIF, 2000) e suas formas de inserção na dinâmica da organização do trabalho escolar na escola pública brasileira (ALMEIDA, SOUZA, PLACCO, 2015; 2016; PARO, 2000; RANGEL, 2003). Do ponto de vista metodológico, inspirando-se numa abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, adotam-se como procedimentos de produção dos dados: a observação de reuniões da Coordenadoria de Supervisão e Orientação Educacional, encontros/eventos com os orientadores pedagógicos propostos pela SME/DC e entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez orientadores pedagógicos que atuam no ciclo de alfabetização (BOGDAN e BIKLEN, 1994; LUDKE e ANDRÉ, 1986). As categorias que emergiram dos dados são: características da prática do orientador pedagógico com os professores alfabetizadores; percursos de formação e atribuições do orientador pedagógico na alfabetização: interfaces; formas de interação entre os orientadores pedagógicos e a equipe da SME/DC: singularidades e implicações da gestão democrática para a prática do orientador pedagógico. Os resultados revelam: as orientadoras entrevistadas, tomando como base as tarefas burocrático-administrativas que executam, consideram o volume das suas atribuições excessivo em relação ao número de horas que dispõem para o cumprimento da função; destacam, curiosamente, como foco do seu trabalho, o acompanhamento e a intervenção pedagógica direta aos alunos que apresentam dificuldades de aprendizagem; enfatizam a participação em eventos de diferentes modalidades destinados para a alfabetização e demonstram uma preocupação com a manutenção, no âmbito da escola, dos espaços de formação; relatam a questão do distanciamento entre as equipes da SME/DC e a escola, mesmo com o uso dos recursos tecnológicos que nem sempre é efetiva; evidenciam a participação como desafio para o exercício de uma prática na perspectiva de gestão democrática. Como considerações finais da pesquisa, ratificam-se como desafios para a escola pública brasileira, a alfabetização, a necessidade de se repensar os modelos de formação do pedagogo que desempenha a função de orientador pedagógico e a busca por estratégias de consolidação da gestão democrática na escola. / [en] This study critically analyzes the attributions of the pedagogical advisor in the literacy cycle in public schools of the municipality of Duque de Caxias - RJ. The research study seeks to answer the following questions: What is the nature of the role of the pedagogical advisor in the public schools of the Duque de Caxias Municipal Secretariat of Education (SME/DC)? What challenges are the pedagogical leaders pointing out in terms of their performance in the literacy cycle? In order to answer these questions, we analyze the attributions and perceptions of pedagogical advisors about their training pathways (ALARCÃO, 1996; NÓVOA, 2007; SHULMAN, 2014; TARDIF, 2000) and their forms of insertion in the dynamics of school work organization in public schools Brazil (ALMEIDA, SOUZA, PLACCO, 2015, 2016, PARO, 2000 and RANGEL, 2003). From the methodological point of view, based on a research qualitative approach, data production procedures are adopted: observation of meetings of the Coordination of Educational Supervision and Guidance, events with the pedagogical counselors proposed by SME/DC and semi-structured interviews with ten pedagogical leaders working in the literacy cycle (BOGDAN and BIKLEN, 1994; LUDKE and ANDRÉ, 1986). The categories that emerged from data indicate: characteristics of the practice of the pedagogical advisor with the literacy teachers; training paths and attributions of the pedagogical leader in literacy: interfaces; forms of interaction between the pedagogical advisors and the SME/DC team: singularities and implications of the democratic management for the practice of the pedagogical advisor. The results show that the interviewed supervisors, based on the bureaucratic-administrative tasks they perform, consider the volume of their assignments to be excessive in relation to the number of hours they have to perform the job; emphasize, curiously, as the focus of their work, the follow-up and direct pedagogical intervention to students who present learning difficulties; emphasize the participation in events of different modalities destined for literacy and demonstrate a preoccupation with the maintenance, in the scope of the school, of the spaces of formation; report the issue of distance between the SME/DC teams and the school, even with the use of technological resources that are not always effective and the evidence the participation as a challenge for the practice of a practice in the perspective of democratic management. As final considerations, results show the challenges for the Brazilian public school, literacy, the need to rethink the training models of the pedagogue who plays the role of pedagogical advisor and the search for strategies to consolidate democratic management in school.

This diploma thesis concerns possibilities of using drama methods and techniques for understanding of literary texts within primary school education, with special emphasis on supporting pupils' reading. In its first theoretical part the basic terms are defined, such as literature, reading and their importance for a human; Literary Education and Drama Education (including its methods) and their possible meetings in the educational process. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with use of a literary text as a theme for a preparation for creative drama lessons, including drama structuring. The practical part is focused on three specific proposals for drama lessons with using literary texts. Two of them were carried out and evaluated with respect to the predetermined goals. It affirms that the application of drama methods and techniques within classes of literature and reading is justified. Keywords: Drama Education, School Work System of Education, drama methods and techniques, preparation for a lesson, individual experience, learning through co-operation, a literary text

This work's aim is to chart the extent and the actual forms of cooperation between innovative schools and families at the beginning of school attendance. In this case, innovative school is defined as a school that teaches children to read by the genetic method or that teaches the children in the primary school the Fraus mathematics by authors Hejný, Jirotková, Slezáková-Kratochvílová, Michnová. In the theoretical part, I find out the principles on which both the new concept of Fraus mathematics and the genetic method of reading are based, and I make a link between them and the constructivist conception of teaching as well as the teacher's competences. In a wider context, this work discusses the work with mistake and emphasizes the significance of creativity. In the practical part, I used the method of written questionnaire to find out the actual forms of cooperation between these schools and families before and after the children enter the first class. Also, the questionnaire finds out what are the teachers' crucial urges to change the way of teaching of mathematics and reading as well as what is the positive of this change in the teacher's view.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper reports on research undertaken as part of the Post-Graduate Education (PPGE / CE / UFSM) Education Center of the Federal University of Santa Maria, as part of the investigative actions of a Research Network "Educational Innovations and Public policy Evaluation and Improvement of Education in Brazil ", linked to the group of Studies, Research and Interventions" Innovation in Education, Educational Practices and Teacher Education "Teaching and Research group, School & Teacher Training. With it we aim to understand the repercussions of Evaluation System of Basic Education in the organization and development of school work. For this we propose to answer the following research problem: How the participation of schools in the actions of the Basic Education Evaluation System involves the organization and development of school work? In order to operationalize research actions, formulated from the central issue, more specific investigative questions: (1) How is the process of organization and implementation of Proof and Evidence Saeb Brazil? (2) that the coordinators have perceptions about the participation of the Evaluation System of Basic Education process? (3) How does the organization of the school to participate in the Assessment System of Basic Education?. Used as the main theoretical and conceptual and methodological contribution and practical (1) ideas about educational policy Saviani (2008) and Altmann (2002), (2) studies on policy evaluation Freitas (2007) and Ravitch (2011); (3) work concept proposed by Souza-e-Silva (2004); (3) the concept of democratic management and school autonomy for Paro (2001); to treat school as the context of school work we approach the propositions of Di Giorigi (2004), Rockwell (1995) and Thuler (2001). Thus, we developed a qualitative research nature, Municipal Public Schools in Santa Maria / RS, with which we interact strongly in the years 2012 and 2013. Sources of information for our research are subject coordinators from schools of basic education and engineers Polo Application of Evidence and Proof Saeb Brazil. The instruments for data collection were interviews. With the Roadmap Interview I interviewed 27 coordinators of municipal public elementary schools in Santa Maria / RS and the Interview Guide II interviewed 9 of these coordinators. With the Interview Guide III interviewed two coordinators Polo Application of Evidence and Proof Saeb Brazil. From the analysis of the information collected organize the results into 8 parts, namely: 1) the organization of the process of implementation of Proof and Evidence Saeb Brazil; 2) Development of Evidence and Proof Saeb Brazil; 3) Method of application of Evidence and Proof Saeb Brazil; 4) Difficulties encountered in the application of Evidence and Proof Saeb Brazil; 5) Agree or disagree with the outcome of the last IDEB schools; 6) Aspects taken into consideration in the evaluation of basic education; 7) Performing actions about IDEB 2011 and 8) Actions taken in the preparation of school to join Saeb 2013. Accordingly we were allowed to answer each of the research questions separately. In answering the research objective list of the main repercussions of Saeb the organization and development of school work, they are (1) Result Saeb provides ranking; (2) Lack of assessment tools to evaluate the Saeb school work; (3) Lack of Saeb Policy on school organization; (4) Strong distancing School Saeb and (5) Performing actions of decontextualized school needs. We conclude that the impact of Saeb look in the forms of organization and development of school work allows us to say that the way you have organized, implemented and interpreted Saeb currently makes having a negative impact on school organization. The ways of using Saeb has represented public school kicker, kicker education and jeopardizes the organization and the development of democratic self schoolwork. / Este texto relata uma pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação do Centro de Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (PPGE/CE/UFSM), como parte das ações investigativas do Projeto de Pesquisa em Rede Inovações Educacionais e as Políticas Publicas de Avaliação e Melhoria da Educação no Brasil , vinculado ao Grupo de Estudos, Pesquisas e Intervenções Inovação Educacional, Práticas Educativas e Formação de Professores e ao Grupo de Pesquisa Docência, Escola e Formação de Professores. Com ela objetivamos Compreender as repercussões do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica nas formas de organização e desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar. Para tanto nos propomos a responder o seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como a participação das escolas nas ações do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica implica na organização e desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar? De modo a operacionalizar as ações de pesquisa, formulamos a partir do problema central, questões investigativas mais específicas: (1) Como se dá o processo de organização e aplicação da Prova Brasil e Prova SAEB? (2) Que percepções os coordenadores pedagógicos possuem acerca do processo de participação do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica? (3) Como se dá a organização da escola para participação no Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica?. Utilizamos como principais aporte teórico-conceituais e prático-metodológicos (1) a ideias sobre politica educacional de Saviani (2008) e Altmann (2002);(2) os estudos sobre politica de avaliação de Freitas (2007) e Ravitch (2011); (3) conceito de trabalho proposto por Souza-e-Silva (2004); (3) o conceito de gestão democrática e autonomia escolar por Paro (2001); para tratarmos da escola como o contexto do trabalho escolar nos aproximamos das proposições de Di Giorigi (2004), Rockwell (1995) e Thuler (2001). Assim, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, em Escolas Públicas Municipais de Santa Maria/RS, com as quais interagimos fortemente nos anos de 2012 e 2013. As fontes de informação para a nossa pesquisa são sujeitos, coordenadores pedagógicos de escolas de educação básica e coordenadores de Polo de Aplicação da Prova Brasil e Prova Saeb. Os instrumentos para a coleta de informações foram entrevistas. Com o Roteiro de Entrevista I entrevistamos 27 coordenadores pedagógicos de escolas públicas municipais de educação básica de Santa Maria/RS e com o Roteiro de Entrevista II entrevistamos 9 destes coordenadores. Com o Roteiro de Entrevista III entrevistamos dois coordenadores de Polo de Aplicação da Prova Brasil e Prova Saeb. A partir da análise das informações coletadas organizamos os resultados em 8 itens, a saber: 1) Organização do processo de aplicação da Prova Brasil e Prova Saeb; 2) Elaboração da Prova Brasil e Prova Saeb; 3) Processo de aplicação da Prova Brasil e Prova Saeb; 4) Dificuldades encontradas para a aplicação da Prova Brasil e Prova Saeb; 5) Concordância ou não com o resultado do último IDEB das escolas; 6) Aspectos levados em consideração na avaliação da educação básica; 7) Realização de ações acerca do IDEB 2011 e 8) Ações desenvolvidas na preparação da escola para participar do SAEB 2013. Desta forma nos foi permitido responder a cada uma das questões de pesquisa separadamente. Ao responder o objetivo desta pesquisa elencamos as principais repercussões do SAEB na organização e desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar, são elas (1) Resultado do SAEB propicia ranqueamento; (2) Insuficiência dos instrumentos de avaliação do SAEB para avaliar o trabalho escolar; (3) Desconhecimento da Política do SAEB na organização escolar; (4) Forte distanciamento da escola do SAEB e (5) Realização de ações descontextualizadas das necessidades escolares. Concluímos que olhar as repercussões do SAEB nas formas de organização e desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar nos permite dizer que, da forma que se tem organizado, implementado e interpretado o SAEB atualmente, faz com que tenha repercussões negativas na organização escolar. As formas de utilização do SAEB tem representado o retrocesso da escola pública, o retrocesso da educação e inviabiliza a organização e o desenvolvimento do trabalho escolar autônomo e democrático.

The thesis "Education of Children from Foster Care" summarizes with possibilities of educating children from the foster care. The theoretical part addresses in the first chapter about alternative educational care, I mention that it includes (foster care, foster care and school, diagnostic institute and educational institute). Other part of the theoretical part consists of legislation and education of children from foster care, this chapter contains all the possible factors that can influence education (biological family, personality of educator, motivation for school work, the values of children). The last part deals with programs that support children from foster in the education and they preparing for a future career. This work is based on interviews with twenty respondents, which forms the practical part of the thesis. The research method was a structured interview, the results are processed in a qualitative manner. Investigated group consists of ten women and ten men. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the educational process of children who living in a foster care and a measure of its success. It was about finding out what the highest education Theky reached and how then on the labor market. Finally, it aims to find out how motivated them to study their surroundings and what value had...