Orientador: Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T10:27:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernandes_MarlyAparecida_M.pdf: 6123004 bytes, checksum: 7620e5cdb899b78ba84761f609860fa1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir os modos/formas de se apresentar a leitura como objeto de ensino e aprendizagem em determinados livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa de Ensino Médio presentes nas escolas públicas brasileiras. Esses livros didáticos foram analisados e aprovados pelo programa Nacional do Livro Didático para o Ensino Médio (PNLEM/2006). Fundamentamos nossas análises nos pressupostos da teoria dos gêneros do discurso e de compreensão ativa responsiva postulados por Bakhtin e seu Círculo para compreender a natureza dos textos selecionados para compor os livros didáticos de nosso corpus, atentando para o favorecimento de formação de um leitor crítico e responsivo. Nossas análises centraram-se nos textos em seus respectivos gêneros discursivos e nas propostas de atividades de leitura elaboradas pelos autores desses livros didáticos a partir desses textos. Nosso olhar, dessa forma, procurou orientar-se pela configuração dos respectivos projetos didático-autorais para leitura dos livros didáticos que circulam no Ensino Médio público brasileiro. / Abstract: The present work aims at discussing how reading is taken as a learning and teaching object by some Portuguese Language school textbooks, used in Brazilian Public High School Portuguese classes. These selected school textbooks have been analyzed and approved by the National Program of Textbooks for High Schools (PNLEM/2006). The analysis, which reveals a qualitative and quantitative nature, was carried out with three Portuguese Language school textbooks for the first to third grades of middle school. We adopted, in our analysis, some theoretical conceptions related to the bakhtinian theory of speech genres and the idea of active responsive understanding postulated by Bakhtin and his Circle. Our analysis focused on the reading activities and corresponding speech genres presented by the named school books. The main concern was to figure out the didactic and authorial reading projects, centering on the possibilities of constructing a reflexive and critical reader by the mediation role of these texts as well as of the reading skills proposed by the analyzed schools textbooks. / Mestrado / Lingua Materna / Mestre em Linguística Aplicada

L'institutionnalisation de Zola, comportant à la fois la consécration d'une image officielle et la labellisation d'un corpus textuel, doit être envisagée à travers des manuels scolaires, histoires littéraires, études critiques et générations de lecteurs, en tant que réconciliation des métadiscours et conciliation des horizons d'attente. Linéarités, stratifications, constellations sémantiques et formelles sont des visions différentes d'un même objet de lecture, à savoir le texte naturaliste. Une entité qui parcourt sans cesse, par le biais du paratexte - documents critiques, sons et images - prolongation de la lecture jusque dans la périphérie de l'espace textuel, un chemin à double sens. De l'univocité sémantique longuement promue sur le plan scolaire à travers une critique de l'intentionnalité au trop plein de « déstructuration » menant parfois à un non sens ; puis de l'approche structuraliste comme réaction contre l'historicité atrophiant les sens et claustrant la spontanéité du lecteur à l'approche thématique libérant les fantasmes de la lecture dans un monde de symboles, le texte zolien cherche à joindre son lecteur. Ainsi, tout au long de notre étude, nous sommes allée à sa rencontre. Nous n'avons fait qu'observer, noter et constater. À présent, nous laissons entièrement aux lecteurs le soin de conclure … et de recevoir. / The process institutionalising Zola, implying both a recognition of an official image and the labelling of a textual corpus should be considered, by examining school text books, history of literature books, essays and other critical studies, and readers' generations as reconciliation of metadiscourses and conciliation among several « horizons of expectation ». Semantic and formal linearities, stratifications, constellations are all different sides of the same reading object, i.e. the naturalistic text. This entity travels incessantly along a doubleway road through the paratext, an extension of the reading experience up to the peripherical text area : critical documents, sounds and images. From the semantic univocity, which was longly promoted at school level thanks to an intention-focused criticism, up to an overdestructuration sometimes leading to nonsense ; then, from the structural approach reacting against that historicity which atrophies sense and confines spontaneous reading up to a thematic approach liberating a whole world of symbols, Zola's text tends to reach its reader. Thus, we have tried to join his text all throughout this analysis. Indeed, we have simply observed, noted and attested. From now on, we assume that it belongs to readers to get to a conclusion and… to receive.