Thesis (M.M.S.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1999. / Includes: Appendix 1.1. Information package for holders of seal fishing licences / Fisheries and Oceans; Appendix 1.2. Atlantic seal harvest 1998 management plan; Appendix 1.3: Seal protection regulations. Bibliography: p. 53-55.

Thesis (doctoral)--VTT Micronova, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre duas técnicas de oclusão do Complexo Artério Venoso Ovariano (CAVO), por meio da eletrocoagulação monopolar e bipolar, na ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH) de felinos hígidos, realizada a partir da técnica com dois portais na linha média ventral. A OSH é um dos procedimentos laparoscópicos mais realizados na casuística da Medicina Veterinária. Diferentes técnicas tem sido realizadas para a execução deste procedimento, dentre as variações incluem-se o número e a disposição dos trocartes, sendo recente a execução da técnica com dois portais. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram descrever a técnica da OSH em felinos com dois portais, bem como comparar a eficácia da eletrocoagulação monopolar e bipolar na obliteração do CAVO. Foram utilizadas 16 gatas adultas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em dois grupos de oito animais. Os procedimentos videocirúrgicos foram realizados por meio da inserção dos portais na linha média ventral nas regiões umbilical e pré-púbica, com os felinos posicionados em decúbito dorsal. Além da verificação da viabilidade da técnica com o uso de apenas dois portais lineares, foram avaliados e comparados o tempo cirúrgico, a eficácia dos dois métodos de eletrocoagulação, a temperatura corpórea pós-operatória, o débito urinário, a formação de enfisema subcutâneo e volume de CO2. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre o uso da eletrocoagulação mono e bipolar, utilizados na técnica referida acima, embora clinicamente dois animais tenham apresentado lesões cutâneas após o uso da eletrocoagulação monopolar. Conclui-se que os dois métodos de eletrocoagulação utilizados para oclusão dos vasos ovarianos, através da técnica vídeo laparoscópica com dois portais em felinos, são viáveis, rápidos e efetivos em gatas, porém, a energia bipolar mostrou-se um método mais seguro do que a energia monopolar, devido a complicações por queimaduras cutâneas no período pósoperatório. / In this paper, a comparative study was made between two techniques of occlusion of the ovarian arterial-venous complex (OVAC) through monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation in ovariosalpingohysterectomy (OSH) of healthy cats, carried out from the technique with two linear portals in the ventral midline. The OSH is one of the most commonly performed laparoscopic procedures in casuistry of Veterinary Medicine. Different techniques have been carried out to implement this procedure, among the variations of this technique include the number and arrangement of the trocars, considering recent the implementation of the technique with the use of two portals. The research aims were to describe the technique of ovariohysterectomy in cats with two portals, and the comparison of the effectiveness of monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation in obliterating of OVAC. Sixteen adult cats were used, divided randomly into two groups of eight animals. The laparoscopic procedures were performed through the insertion of the portals in the ventral midline of abdomen in the umbilical and prepubic regions, with cats under dorsal recumbence position. Besides the verification of the viability of the laparoscopic hybrid technique, using only two linear portals, the surgical time, the effectiveness of the two methods of electrocoagulation, the postoperative body temperature, urine output, the formation of subcutaneous emphysema and CO2 volume were evaluated and compared. There was no statistical significant difference between the use of mono and bipolar electrocoagulation, used in the technique mentioned above, although two animals showed clinical skin lesions after the use of monopolar electrocoagulation. We conclude that the two electrocoagulation methods used for occlusion of the ovarian vessels, through video-laparoscopic with two portals technique in cats, are viable, fast and effective in female cats, however, the bipolar energy proved to be a safer method than the monopolar energy, due to complications from skin burns in the postoperative period.

Resumo: O plantio direto consiste em um sistema de manejo conservacionista da produção agrícola, que promove a melhoria das condições físicas, químicas e biológicas do solo. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi a avaliação de sistemas de acabamento de semeadura existentes no mercado nacional, utilizados em semeadoras de precisão para plantio direto, assim como novas propostas, levando em conta fatores que afetam a germinação das sementes e a emergência das plântulas no campo. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental do Instituto Agronômico do Paraná - IAPAR, em Londrina, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições para a cultura do feijão e três repetições para a cultura da soja. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de oito sistemas de acabamento de semeadura, dotados de componentes com e sem aterramento, sistemas de controle de profundidade de sementes e rodas compactadoras. Foram avaliadas variáveis do solo, das sementes e parâmetros de desempenho das unidades semeadoras. Conclui-se que os discos aterradores melhoram os resultados das unidades de semeadura, beneficiando a operação em diferentes aspectos e aumentando a emergência. As rodas controladoras de profundidade paralelas melhoram os resultados dos discos aterradores, inclusive os de emergência. As rodas compactadoras lisas não são indicadas, pois promovem problemas de selamento superficial. As rodas compactadoras em "V" apresentaram bons resultados, mas as rodas compactadoras com garras e sulcos internos tendem a ser melhores / Abstract: No-till is a system of conservation management of agricultural production, which promotes the improvement of the physical, chemical and biological soil conditions. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the systems finish seeding on the market in Brazil, used in precision seeders for no-till planters, as well as new proposals, considering factors that affect seed germination and emergence seedlings in the field. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná - IAPAR, in Londrina, using the randomized block planning with eight treatments and four repetitions for the cultivation of beans and three repetitions for soybean. Treatments consist of eight systems of finish seeding that having components with and without ground finish systems, depth of seed and compactor wheels. Was evaluated soil variables, seeds variables and performance parameters of seeding units. It was concluded that soil cover disks improve the seeding units performance, benefit the operation in different aspects and increasing the emergency. Parallel depth controller wheels improve results of soil cover discs, including the emergency. The flat compactor wheels are not recommended, because they promote soil surface sealing problems. The wheels in "V" had good results, but the wheels with grip and internal ridges tend to be better / Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Angeli Furlani / Coorientador: Ruy Casão Júnior / Banca: Rouverson Pereira da Silva / Banca: Antonio Sérgio Ferraudo / Banca: Luiz Malcolm Mano de Mello / Banca: Wilson José Oliveira de Souza / Doutor

Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre duas técnicas de oclusão do Complexo Artério Venoso Ovariano (CAVO), por meio da eletrocoagulação monopolar e bipolar, na ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH) de felinos hígidos, realizada a partir da técnica com dois portais na linha média ventral. A OSH é um dos procedimentos laparoscópicos mais realizados na casuística da Medicina Veterinária. Diferentes técnicas tem sido realizadas para a execução deste procedimento, dentre as variações incluem-se o número e a disposição dos trocartes, sendo recente a execução da técnica com dois portais. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram descrever a técnica da OSH em felinos com dois portais, bem como comparar a eficácia da eletrocoagulação monopolar e bipolar na obliteração do CAVO. Foram utilizadas 16 gatas adultas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em dois grupos de oito animais. Os procedimentos videocirúrgicos foram realizados por meio da inserção dos portais na linha média ventral nas regiões umbilical e pré-púbica, com os felinos posicionados em decúbito dorsal. Além da verificação da viabilidade da técnica com o uso de apenas dois portais lineares, foram avaliados e comparados o tempo cirúrgico, a eficácia dos dois métodos de eletrocoagulação, a temperatura corpórea pós-operatória, o débito urinário, a formação de enfisema subcutâneo e volume de CO2. Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre o uso da eletrocoagulação mono e bipolar, utilizados na técnica referida acima, embora clinicamente dois animais tenham apresentado lesões cutâneas após o uso da eletrocoagulação monopolar. Conclui-se que os dois métodos de eletrocoagulação utilizados para oclusão dos vasos ovarianos, através da técnica vídeo laparoscópica com dois portais em felinos, são viáveis, rápidos e efetivos em gatas, porém, a energia bipolar mostrou-se um método mais seguro do que a energia monopolar, devido a complicações por queimaduras cutâneas no período pósoperatório. / In this paper, a comparative study was made between two techniques of occlusion of the ovarian arterial-venous complex (OVAC) through monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation in ovariosalpingohysterectomy (OSH) of healthy cats, carried out from the technique with two linear portals in the ventral midline. The OSH is one of the most commonly performed laparoscopic procedures in casuistry of Veterinary Medicine. Different techniques have been carried out to implement this procedure, among the variations of this technique include the number and arrangement of the trocars, considering recent the implementation of the technique with the use of two portals. The research aims were to describe the technique of ovariohysterectomy in cats with two portals, and the comparison of the effectiveness of monopolar and bipolar electrocoagulation in obliterating of OVAC. Sixteen adult cats were used, divided randomly into two groups of eight animals. The laparoscopic procedures were performed through the insertion of the portals in the ventral midline of abdomen in the umbilical and prepubic regions, with cats under dorsal recumbence position. Besides the verification of the viability of the laparoscopic hybrid technique, using only two linear portals, the surgical time, the effectiveness of the two methods of electrocoagulation, the postoperative body temperature, urine output, the formation of subcutaneous emphysema and CO2 volume were evaluated and compared. There was no statistical significant difference between the use of mono and bipolar electrocoagulation, used in the technique mentioned above, although two animals showed clinical skin lesions after the use of monopolar electrocoagulation. We conclude that the two electrocoagulation methods used for occlusion of the ovarian vessels, through video-laparoscopic with two portals technique in cats, are viable, fast and effective in female cats, however, the bipolar energy proved to be a safer method than the monopolar energy, due to complications from skin burns in the postoperative period.

Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-07T17:53:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_silva_colares.pdf: 3761580 bytes, checksum: b009addae00984b9254b793f44de0488 (MD5) / Rejected by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br), reason: Verificar t?tulo. on 2018-05-14T18:41:07Z (GMT) / Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-15T17:59:40Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_silva_colares.pdf: 3761580 bytes, checksum: b009addae00984b9254b793f44de0488 (MD5) / Rejected by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br), reason: devolvendo. Aproveito para uma observa??o. Lan?ar o n?mero de p?ginas da ?ltima pag numerada. N?o considere a ficha. on 2018-05-15T19:04:17Z (GMT) / Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-10-26T19:20:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_silva_colares.pdf: 3761580 bytes, checksum: b009addae00984b9254b793f44de0488 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-11-10T11:08:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_silva_colares.pdf: 3761580 bytes, checksum: b009addae00984b9254b793f44de0488 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-10T11:08:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) rodrigo_silva_colares.pdf: 3761580 bytes, checksum: b009addae00984b9254b793f44de0488 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Um bom projeto arquitet?nico deve considerar o conforto do usu?rio, sendo que um dos principais fatores que dificultam na execu??o do mesmo ? a posi??o de cada c?modo. Este problema ? relevante, considerando a posi??o do sol em rela??o ao terreno, sendo que parte da edifica??o ficar? posicionada com sua parede recebendo energia t?rmica no per?odo da tarde, gerando desconforto no ambiente. Este fato ? agravante em regi?es em que as altas temperaturas s?o comuns quase o ano todo. A redu??o do fluxo de calor para dentro da resid?ncia se torna fundamental, minimizando a utiliza??o de aparelhos que reduzem a temperatura. A pesquisa tem como objetivo determinar uma melhor configura??o para a alvenaria de veda??o, avaliando sua efici?ncia t?rmica. Ap?s os ensaios realizados, constatou-se que as paredes duplas com tijolos de 8 ou 9 furos, com ou sem EPS entre as camadas, melhoram de forma significativa o conforto t?rmico no interior das edifica??es. A configura??o com reboco de 2cm em ambos os lados apresentou melhor custo x benef?cio. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Sa?de e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / A good architectural design should regard the comfort of the user, since one of the main factors that hampers its execution is the position of each room. This problem is relevant, considering the position of the sun in relation to the terrain, since the building part will be positioned with its wall receiving thermal energy in the period of the afternoon, generating discomfort in the environment. This fact is aggravating in regions that high temperatures are common almost all year. Reducing the flow of heat into the home becomes essential, minimizing the use of equipments that decrease the temperature. The research aims to determine a better configuration for the mansory of the seal, evaluating it?s thermal efficiency. After the tests, it was verified that double walls with 8 or 9 hole-bricks, with or without EPS between the layers, significantly improve the thermal comfort inside the buildings. The configuration with 2 cm plaster on both sides showed better cost x benefit.

La faible masse volumique et les bonnes propriétés mécaniques des alliages d’aluminium en font des matériaux de structure de choix dans l’industrie aéronautique. Ils présentent une microstructure polyphasée qui crée des discontinuités électrochimiques et une sensibilité accrue à la corrosion. Un système de revêtements protecteurs composé de chromate Cr(+VI) est traditionnellement formé à la surface de ces alliages. Néanmoins, les directives environnementales REACH imposent leur remplacement en raison de la cancérogénicité des chromates. L'objectif des travaux a été le développement d'un nouveau traitement constitué d’une Oxydation Anodique Sulfurique (OAS) et d’un colmatage aux sels de sulfate de chrome et de fluorozirconate (Cr3+ / ZrF62-). L’étude du procédé électrochimique d’OAS a permis de faire le lien entre la microstructure des alliages et la morphologie poreuse de la couche anodique développée à leur surface. Le traitement de colmatage Cr3+ / ZrF62- est réalisé par simple immersion dans la solution. Il est démontré que le colmatage est le fait d’une alcalinisation locale de la surface de la couche anodique qui mène à la précipitation des sels de Cr3+ et ZrF62-. Ces derniers forment un film de colmatage de 300 nm d’épaisseur très recouvrant des pores nanométriques. Le colmatage des couches anodiques permet d’améliorer considérablement la tenue à la corrosion des alliages anodisés en formant une barrière supplémentaire contre les agents corrosifs et en cicatrisant les départs de corrosion. Le traitement développé permet à la fois d’atteindre les performances des traitements aux Cr(+VI) sur une large gamme d’alliages et de satisfaire aux exigences environnementales / Aluminium alloys are very used in the aircraft industry as structural materials because of their low density and their good mechanical properties. They have a polyphase microstructure that is causing electrochemical discontinuities and increasing sensitivity to corrosion. A system of protective coatings containing chromate Cr(+VI) is traditionally formed at the surface of these alloys. However, the REACH environmental guidelines impose Cr(+VI) surface treatments replacement because of chromate carcinogenicity. The aim of the thesis work has been the development of a new surface treatment constituted of a sulfuric acid anodizing (SAA) and a sulfate chromium and fluorozirconate salts sealing (Cr3+/ ZrF62-). The study of the SAA electrochemical process linked the alloys microstructure and the anodic layer porous morphology developed at their surface. The Cr3+ / ZrF62- sealing treatment is realized by a simple immersion of the anodized alloy in the solution. It is demonstrated that the sealing is caused by a local alkalinization of the anodized coating surface that leads to the precipitation of the Cr3+ and ZrF62- salts. These ones are forming a sealing film of about 300 nm thick, very covering of the nanometric pores. The anodic layers sealing greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the anodized alloys by forming an additional barrier against corrosive agents and by healing the corrosion initiation. The developed treatment allows both to achieve Cr(+VI) treatments performance over a wide range of alloys and to satisfy the environmental requirements.

Dry covers can be used to limit the generation of acid mine drainage from sulphidic mine waste exposed to air and water. For the covers to act efficiently a high degree of saturation should be maintained in the cover, as the diffusion of oxygen is substantially reduced in water compared to that in air. Historically, dry covers made solely from till have been applied with varying degrees of success. To improve the performance of dry covers, a multi-layer approach can be applied incorporating a sealing layer aimed at effectively preventing oxygen ingress and an overlying protective layer. Blends of till and green liquor dregs (GLD) are thought to have advantageous properties regarding the water retention capacity and hydraulic conductivity. Subsequently, the blends should have a good ability to remain highly saturated during dry periods and be able to maintain their function as oxygen diffusion barriers over time. In this study the effective oxygen diffusion coefficient (De) in blends of till and GLD was evaluated by laboratory measurements. The oxygen diffusion coefficient of till-GLD blends was evaluated through 81 diffusion tests performed at different degrees of water saturation. The blends differed in added amounts of GLD and different types of GLD. These variables were studied as they affect the blends grain size, porosity, tortuosity, and degree of saturation, which in turn affect the De. The tests were performed in two-chamber diffusion cells and interpreted using the software Vadose/W (Geoslope, 2016) to determine the De. The results provide an initial evaluation of the variation of De that can be expected for till-GLD blends. The De was found to vary greatly for the blends (10-6 > De > 10-11 m2 s-1) depending on the degree of saturation. Even though the GLD contain substantial amounts of water, a high water content of the till was still required to reach a low De. A predictive model for estimating the De based on basic geotechnical soil properties was compared to the De from the interpreted diffusion tests. The model could generally predict the De to within an acceptable range (± one order of magnitude). Additionally, diffusion tests performed on materials dried in successive steps showed how the De changed over time when exposed to drying. A sharp increase in the De was found for the blends, pure GLD and pure till when exposed to drying. Thus, no clear improvement was found for the GLD-till blends compared to the pure till. These results indicate that the till-GLD layers should not be exposed to drying as loss of cover efficiency may occur. This can have implications for the use of till-GLD blends as sealing layers in terms of the design of the protective cover and the placement of covers. To validate these results, tests on larger material quantities should be performed, preferably in field conditions, and comparison to field measurements would be of high interest.

As propriedades de selagem de filmes plásticos são um dos principais gargalos para o aumento de produtividade em processos de empacotamento automático de produtos, em que é necessário otimizar a velocidade do envase, a temperatura de solda e a qualidade da embalagem de forma a garantir a integridade do produto embalado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as características do polímero que mais influenciam nas propriedades de selagem de filmes de polietileno metalocênico. Foram produzidos nove filmes de 3 camadas por coextrusão em que se variou a composição da camada de selagem com o uso de sete tipos de polietilenos. Seis PEs foram obtidos com catalisadores metalocênicos, sendo que quatro possuem alto teor de comonômero (mPEUBD), além de um PEBD obtido através de polimerização via radical livre em altas pressões. Características intrínsecas de cada polietileno, como tipo e teor de comonômero, distribuição de massa molar, distribuição de composição química e propriedades reológicas foram correlacionadas com as propriedades de selagem, mecânicas e ópticas dos filmes. Verificou-se que quanto maior o teor de comonômeros e quanto mais larga a distribuição de composição química no PE metalocênico utilizado na camada de selagem, maior a sua efetividade em reduzir a temperatura de solda e maior a resistência mecânica da região de selagem do filme. Polietilenos com ramificações longas, apesar de apresentar melhor processabilidade, apresentam pior desempenho na selagem. Em relação às propriedades mecânicas e ópticas, os filmes apresentaram maior resistência ao impacto e à perfuração, maior alongamento no escoamento e maior transparência e brilho com o uso de mPE com maior teor de comonômeros, em detrimento de uma redução na resistência ao rasgo e rigidez. / Sealing properties of plastic films are one of the main bottlenecks to raise productivity in automatic form-fill-seal packaging processes, and it is necessary to optimize speed, sealing temperature and packaging quality to ensure integrity of the packaged product. The objective of this study was determine the polymer characteristics that most influence sealing properties of films produced with metallocene polyethylene. Nine 3-layer films were produced by coextrusion varying the composition of sealing layer by using seven types of polyethylenes. Six PEs were obtained with metallocene catalysts (mPE), where four of them have high comonomer content (mULDPE), and one LDPE obtained by free radical polymerization at high pressures. Intrinsic characteristics of each polyethylene, such as type and content of comonomer, molar mass distribution, chemical composition distribution, thermal behavior and rheological properties were determined and correlated with sealing, mechanical and optical properties of the films. It has been found that the higher the comonomer content and the broader its chemical composition distribution in metallocene PE used in the sealing layer, the greater its effectiveness in reducing the sealing temperature, with improves on mechanical strength of sealing region. Polyethylenes with long chain branches, despite better processability, showed poorer sealing performance. Regarding mechanical and optical properties, films produced with mULDPE presented greater impact and puncture resistance, better transparency and gloss, and poorer stiffness and tearing resistance.

abstract: In the past decades, single-cell metabolic analysis has been playing a key role in understanding cellular heterogeneity, disease initiation, progression, and drug resistance. Therefore, it is critical to develop technologies for individual cellular metabolic analysis using various configurations of microfluidic devices. Compared to bulk-cell analysis which is widely used by reporting an averaged measurement, single-cell analysis is able to present the individual cellular responses to the external stimuli. Particularly, oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) are two key parameters to monitor heterogeneous metabolic profiles of cancer cells. To achieve multi-parameter metabolic measurements on single cells, several technical challenges need to be overcome: (1) low adhesion of soft materials micro-fabricated on glass surface for multiple-sensor deposition and single-cell immobilization, e.g. SU-8, KMPR, etc.; (2) high risk of using external mechanical forces to create hermetic seals between two rigid fused silica parts, even with compliance layers; (3) how to accomplish high-throughput for single-cell trapping, metabolic profiling and drug screening; (4) high process cost of micromachining on glass substrate and incapability of mass production. In this dissertation, the development of microfabrication technologies is demonstrated to design reliable configurations for analyzing multiple metabolic parameters from single cells, including (1) improved KMPR/SU-8 microfabrication protocols for fabricating microwell arrays that can be integrated and sealed to 3 × 3 tri-color sensor arrays for OCR and ECAR measurements; (2) design and characterization of a microfluidic device enabling rapid single-cell trapping and hermetic sealing single cells and tri-color sensors within 10 × 10 hermetically sealed microchamber arrays; (3) exhibition of a low-cost microfluidic device based on plastics for single-cell metabolic multi-parameter profiling. Implementation of these improved microfabrication methods should address the aforementioned challenges and provide a high throughput and multi-parameter single cell metabolic analysis platform. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2017