Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1204686 bytes, checksum: a875e97dfa1bbf03ed351fdbb8b2d034 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this dissertation was to analyze the experiences and future prospects provided by the experience in training young egresses of the Projeto Integrado de Aprendizagem Profissional (Professional Learning Integrated Project). To this end, we used the perspective of Vygotsky to analyze the experience and life projects of these youth; and the constructionism to understand the meanings given to their daily lives. Work activity has historically been constructed as a central tool in human life, and when related to poor youth this comes as a way to occupy them. It has been identified that work is also a major concern among young people, representing autonomy, personal realization and supplying the financial need. The admission of youth into the labor market has been encouraged by society and State, and some social programs have been created aiming the training of these young people. But these policies continue to reaffirm the idea of labor as "disciplinarian" for young people who come from the lower classes. The Professional Learning Integrated Project has the objective to implement a program for the PETI students, in order to include them in the Young Apprentice Program. The research was possible through the History of topical life. The analytical perspective adopted here is guided in discursive practices using Association maps for identification and understanding of interpretative repertoires. Ten people have attended to this research, being five males and five females who participated in the Integrated Project. To delimit the number of participants, we used the saturation criteria. What was found from the data is that we are talking about a plural youth, poor, where some have a history of child labor. Experience in the preparatory course in UFPB emerges as a tool that helps to reach the professional course in SENAI, taking proportions in addition to strengthening the Portuguese and mathematics skills; The importance of professional training plus the individual effort is stressed in the speech of everyone; the professional course is presented as more exciting than the school, because encounters an applicability for what is taught. The learn to behave emerges in the speech acts of the young people interviewed as if it was a constituent part of the training course. Youngsters also reveal in their speech experiences that lead to learning, difficulties and occupation of new spaces, reporting the professional course as a landmark in their lives. In all life projects developed by young people work emerges as a key category, even those who want to do a regular graduation course plan to do so alongside the job since they need to maintain themselves. / A presente dissertação teve como objetivo analisar as vivências e as perspectivas de futuro oportunizadas pela experiência na formação de jovens egressos do Projeto Integrado de Aprendizagem Profissional. Para tal, utilizou-se a perspectiva Vigotskiana para analisar as vivências e projetos de vida destes jovens; e o construcionismo para buscar apreender os sentidos dados aos seus cotidianos. A atividade de trabalho vem, historicamente, sendo construída como uma ferramenta central na vida humana, e quando se trata de juventude pobre esta vem como uma forma de ocupá-los. Tem sido identificado que o trabalho é também uma das maiores preocupações entre os jovens, representando autonomia, realização pessoal e suprindo a necessidade financeira. A entrada do jovem no mercado de trabalho tem sido encorajada pela sociedade e pelo Estado, surgindo alguns programas sociais com a função de promover a formação desses jovens. Porém essas políticas continuam a reafirmar a ideia do trabalho como disciplinador para os jovens advindos das classes populares. O Projeto Integrado de Aprendizagem Profissional tem como objetivo a implementação de um programa que visa atender os alunos do PETI, de forma a incluí-los no Programa Jovem Aprendiz. A pesquisa foi possibilitada através da História de vida tópica. A perspectiva de análise aqui adotada pauta-se nas práticas discursivas utilizando-se dos mapas de associação para a identificação e compreensão dos repertórios interpretativos. Participaram da presente pesquisa de dissertação dez sujeitos, sendo cinco do sexo masculino e cinco do sexo feminino egressos do Projeto Integrado. Para delimitar o número de participantes, utilizou-se o critério de saturação. O que se encontra a partir dos dados é que estamos falando de uma juventude plural, pobre, em que uma parte tem o histórico de trabalho infantil. A experiência no curso preparatório na UFPB emerge enquanto uma ferramenta que o proporciona chegar ao curso profissionalizante no SENAI, tomando proporções para além do reforço do português e matemática; A importância da formação profissional somada ao esforço individual é sublinhada nos atos de fala de todos; o curso profissionalizante se apresenta como mais estimulante que a escola formal, pois encontram uma aplicabilidade no que ali é ensinado. O aprender a se comportar emerge nas práticas discursivas de todos os jovens entrevistados como se fosse parte constituinte do curso de formação. Os jovens revelam ainda em seus atos de fala vivências que remetem a aprendizagem, dificuldades, ocupação de novos espaços, tendo profissionalização como um marco em suas vidas. Em todos os projetos de vida elaborados pelos jovens o trabalho emergiu enquanto uma categoria chave, mesmo aqueles que pretendem fazer um curso de graduação, planejam fazê-lo paralelamente ao trabalho, já que precisam se sustentar.

Maria Montessori's work was initiated in 1898 as a result of her becoming acutely aware of deficient children's learning patterns, while working at the Psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome. The principles which dominate the system, however, did not ·'"spring in full panoply from Montessori. Indeed, her inspiration came largely from early and mid-nineteenth century writings of two French physicians, Itard and Seguin, who were Also involved in the teaching of deficient children. Extending on the ideas of these two educator-physicians, as well as the ideas of Froebe!, Montessori innovatively brought the child's senses into contact with carefully selected didactic apparatus in a carefully structured and ordered environment. According to Montessori, the liberty of the child is a prerequisite for self-education and forms the first major pillar of her didactic theory, and thus becomes the focus of the first chapter dealing with her didactic approach (chapter three) • Montessori believed that the function of education was to assist growth and if the individual child was given the liberty of movement within a prepared environment, a sense of competence would be achieved and the learning of the child would come about almost spontaneously. The principles of individuality and the training of the senses comprise the other two pillars, and form the basis for chapter four and five respectively. The principle of individuality is rooted in the belief that each child has a uniqueness which cannot be ignored without irretrievable damage to his personality. The current educational situation in South Africa, reveals a diversity of educational problems as a result of different ethnic and cultural groups all being thrust into a common educational system. The insidious pressures of conformity to a single standard of education must of necessity lead to a compromise of '"standards. The exposure of educational deficiencies inherent in such a move is characterised by learning impediments and deficiencies in the educational scenario. Research has therefore been undertaken in an attempt to extract those aspects that could provide meaningful pedagogic assistance to meet a present educational need. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (History of Education)

Maria Montessori's work was initiated in 1898 as a result of her becoming acutely aware of deficient children's learning patterns, while working at the Psychiatric clinic of the University of Rome. The principles which dominate the system, however, did not ·'"spring in full panoply from Montessori. Indeed, her inspiration came largely from early and mid-nineteenth century writings of two French physicians, Itard and Seguin, who were Also involved in the teaching of deficient children. Extending on the ideas of these two educator-physicians, as well as the ideas of Froebe!, Montessori innovatively brought the child's senses into contact with carefully selected didactic apparatus in a carefully structured and ordered environment. According to Montessori, the liberty of the child is a prerequisite for self-education and forms the first major pillar of her didactic theory, and thus becomes the focus of the first chapter dealing with her didactic approach (chapter three) • Montessori believed that the function of education was to assist growth and if the individual child was given the liberty of movement within a prepared environment, a sense of competence would be achieved and the learning of the child would come about almost spontaneously. The principles of individuality and the training of the senses comprise the other two pillars, and form the basis for chapter four and five respectively. The principle of individuality is rooted in the belief that each child has a uniqueness which cannot be ignored without irretrievable damage to his personality. The current educational situation in South Africa, reveals a diversity of educational problems as a result of different ethnic and cultural groups all being thrust into a common educational system. The insidious pressures of conformity to a single standard of education must of necessity lead to a compromise of '"standards. The exposure of educational deficiencies inherent in such a move is characterised by learning impediments and deficiencies in the educational scenario. Research has therefore been undertaken in an attempt to extract those aspects that could provide meaningful pedagogic assistance to meet a present educational need. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (History of Education)