In this dissertation, the argument is the understanding of the beliefs of Black farm workers regarding HIV and Aids and how these beliefs that protect them from being infected, will lead to the formulation of suggestions for a belief-sensitive approach, which can be incorporated by health care professionals in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers. Several authors stress the fact that if any HIV and Aids programme is to be implemented successfully, the health care profession should strive to know more about the beliefs of the community, in this case Black farm workers, so that there can be sound human relations and effective programmes. Based on the problem statement for this study the following research questions were asked: 1. What are the beliefs of black farm workers regarding HIV and Aids? 2. How do these beliefs protect them from being infected? 3. Based on the answers to the first two questions, what suggestions can be formulated regarding a belief-sensitive approach in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers? The objectives were in line with these questions, namely to explore and describe the beliefs of Black farm workers regarding HIV and Aids; to explore and describe how these beliefs protect them from being infected; and to formulate recommendations, specifically suggestions regarding a belief-sensitive approach in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers. The study followed a qualitative, explorative and descriptive approach. A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) approach was used to collect data. 'Lekgotla' was used as a strategy to collect data. The results indicated that Black farm workers do have beliefs about HIV and Aids. Most of the beliefs they uphold protect them from being infected, however there are some marginal beliefs that can put them at risk of being infected. Suggestions, which health care professionals can incorporate in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers, were formulated based on the results, a literature control and ensuing conclusions. Beliefs of Black farm workers that protect them from being infected could be included in the suggestions for prevention strategies. Health care professionals involved in prevention strategies should actively listen to Black farm workers’ beliefs in order for these strategies to be successful. / Thesis (M.Cur.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

In this dissertation, the argument is the understanding of the beliefs of Black farm workers regarding HIV and Aids and how these beliefs that protect them from being infected, will lead to the formulation of suggestions for a belief-sensitive approach, which can be incorporated by health care professionals in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers. Several authors stress the fact that if any HIV and Aids programme is to be implemented successfully, the health care profession should strive to know more about the beliefs of the community, in this case Black farm workers, so that there can be sound human relations and effective programmes. Based on the problem statement for this study the following research questions were asked: 1. What are the beliefs of black farm workers regarding HIV and Aids? 2. How do these beliefs protect them from being infected? 3. Based on the answers to the first two questions, what suggestions can be formulated regarding a belief-sensitive approach in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers? The objectives were in line with these questions, namely to explore and describe the beliefs of Black farm workers regarding HIV and Aids; to explore and describe how these beliefs protect them from being infected; and to formulate recommendations, specifically suggestions regarding a belief-sensitive approach in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers. The study followed a qualitative, explorative and descriptive approach. A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) approach was used to collect data. 'Lekgotla' was used as a strategy to collect data. The results indicated that Black farm workers do have beliefs about HIV and Aids. Most of the beliefs they uphold protect them from being infected, however there are some marginal beliefs that can put them at risk of being infected. Suggestions, which health care professionals can incorporate in HIV and Aids-prevention programmes for Black farm workers, were formulated based on the results, a literature control and ensuing conclusions. Beliefs of Black farm workers that protect them from being infected could be included in the suggestions for prevention strategies. Health care professionals involved in prevention strategies should actively listen to Black farm workers’ beliefs in order for these strategies to be successful. / Thesis (M.Cur.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Souvent négligées dans les pratiques urbanistiques, la thèse explore les formes de représentations des aspects sensibles de l'habiter mobilisables dans un processus de conception urbaine. À travers deux enquêtes de terrain nous montrons comment les habitants participent à la production d'un espace public créatif et résilient. Par espace public nous entendons sa double filiation théorique : lieu physique et espace politique. Nous ciblons l'observation sur les processus de transformation des lieux publics à travers la modification des usages et des significations que ces lieux ont pour les habitants. Nous traitons également l'espace public comme le lieu du débat politique, de la rencontre et du conflit dans la forme d'une pratique démocratique. Cet espace public particulier sera nommé : « espace public spontané ». Il est public et aussi spontané : il n'est pas conçu à l'avance, il n'est pas prémédité ou planifié. Lorsqu'il surgit spontanément, il peut disparaître de la même manière. Il est produit à partir des conditions et des vécus locaux. Une enquête ethnographique dont l'objet porte sur les espaces publics et sur les perceptions issues de l'expérience vécue et perçue par les habitants et les communautés, donne une intentionnalité à l'analyse de l'expérience sensible, car elle ne se limite pas aux dimensions de l'expérience sensible mais intègre également des aspects observés ou bien relevés par les habitants. Après le tremblement de terre et le tsunami du 27 février 2010 au Chili, nous avons remarqué comment dans une situation de bouleversement et de reconstruction des espaces de représentation, la dimension sensible joue un rôle clé. La situation catastrophique est génératrice d'espaces publics spontanés, elle génère un engagement pratique des habitants, mobilise des réactions sensibles et exacerbe le caractère hospitalier et résilient de l'espace public. À partir de l'étude de deux cas concrets, illustré par le campement d'urgence El Molino de Dichato et par la ville de Talca après la catastrophe, nous avons ciblé l'observation sur les pratiques d'implication des habitants pendant tout le processus de reconstruction de leur environnement, de leurs espaces publics et privés, ainsi que de leurs sphères d'intimité. Ces pratiques englobent l'ensemble des actions des habitants, depuis leurs actions les plus spontanées et éphémère visant à faire face à la reconstruction, à l'état d'urgence et aux vulnérabilités générées par les situations post-catastrophe, jusqu'aux actions les plus formalisées. Nous voulons compléter la compréhension d'une conception urbaine « participative » par cette notion d'investissement d'un espace public spontané, vécu comme un tiers inclus et capable d'introduire dans le débat des variables sensibles. Cette recherche donne lieu à des interrogations sur la conception urbaine en tant qu'espace commun d'expression, d'entendement et de traduction des aspects sensibles de l'expérience des habitants, où la distinction existante entre expert et novice peut être surpassé / Often neglected by the practice of urban planning, this thesis explores the forms of representation of the sensitive aspects of urban life in a process of urban design. Through two field surveys we show how the inhabitants participate in the production of a creative and resilient public space. By public space we understand its double theoretical filiation: physical and political. We target the observation in the transformation processes of the public places through the modification of the practices and the meanings that these places have for the inhabitants. We also handle the public space as the place of the political debate, the meeting and the conflict in the shape of a democratic practice. This particular public space will be named: “spontaneous public space”. It is spontaneous, because it is not designed and it is not planned. As it appears spontaneously, it can disappear in the same way. It is produced from real-life experiences and from local conditions. An ethnographical field survey focused on the experiences and perception of public spaces by the inhabitants and the communities, give an intentionality to the analysis of the sensitive experience, because it does not limit itself to the dimensions of the sensitive experience but integrates what is observed or either found by inhabitants. After the earthquake and the tsunami that occurred on February 27, 2010, off the coast of south-central Chile, we noticed how in a situation of upheaval and reconstruction of the spaces of representation, the sensitive plays a key-role. The catastrophic situation generates spontaneous public spaces; it generates a practical commitment of the inhabitants, mobilizes sensitive reactions and makes the public space more hospitable and resilient. From the study of two concrete cases -corresponding to the emergency camp El Molino of Dichato and to the city of Talca after the disaster- we focus the observation in the practices of implication of the inhabitants during all the process of reconstruction of their public and private spaces as well as their intimate spheres. These practices include all the actions of the inhabitants, from their most spontaneous and short-lived actions to face the reconstruction and the state of emergency and vulnerability of the situation post-disaster, to the most formalized actions. We want to complete the idea of a “participative” urban design with the notion of a spontaneous public space - autonomous of the participative plans - as an inclusive third space capable of introducing sensitive aspects in the debate. This research gives rise to questioning the urban design as a common space of expression and understanding, where the decoupling existing between the expertise and the novice can be surpassed

The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the Czech family policy, compare it with the Swedish family policy and ascertain whether the Czech legislation advanced to the so-called Scandinavian welfare state model in years 1995-2012. The main research questions focus on the development of the Czech legislation on parental leave and parental allowances in years during the monitored period in terms of gender-sensitive welfare state typologies and comparison of the Czech and Swedish legislation.