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Environmental assessments and authorisations surrounding project level developments are often made in isolation, without consideration of the regional or strategic context within which individual developments are done. This research investigates the quality of Environmental Management Frameworks (EMF) as strategic environmental instrument. EMF is a unique South African instrument that was first conceptualised in 1989, enacted in 2006 and updated in 2010. EMFs were developed to map environmental sensitivity to aid the screening out of undesired developments in sensitive environments and to minimise unnecessary project level assessments in preferred development areas. EMFs form an important link between environmental assessment (EA) processes and planning strategies such as Spatial Development Frameworks (SDFs) and Integrated Development Plans (IDPs), due to their spatial output of environmental sensitivity maps and their ability to feed strategic assessment processes required by SDFs. They have a legal mandate which ensures their assimilation and use. This research uses a multiple case study approach to review seven EMF documents for their quality. The quality aspects identified are the process, methodology and documentation components, using the printed EMF documentation as primary information source. Quality review criteria were subsequently developed to investigate these inputs, using the legal mandate of EMF as basis. Each case was rated for compliance with the quality criteria using a six–level rating schedule. Further analyses were made by comparing the performance of cases against one another. Public participation emerged as the weakest component of EMF practice, while aspects of sensitivity analysis also performed weaker than other aspects. More focus is required on aligning scales and resolutions of map inputs, mapping methods and general integration of spatial data, especially those of adjoining districts. The need to substantiate a rationale for buffer determination also requires further refinement. The practice of conducting EMF is well established and it can be valuable in sustainable development planning and decisionmaking. Recommendations to enhance the sustainability outcomes and hence effectiveness of this instrument are made, as well as future research objectives for increasing its utility. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Environmental assessments and authorisations surrounding project level developments are often made in isolation, without consideration of the regional or strategic context within which individual developments are done. This research investigates the quality of Environmental Management Frameworks (EMF) as strategic environmental instrument. EMF is a unique South African instrument that was first conceptualised in 1989, enacted in 2006 and updated in 2010. EMFs were developed to map environmental sensitivity to aid the screening out of undesired developments in sensitive environments and to minimise unnecessary project level assessments in preferred development areas. EMFs form an important link between environmental assessment (EA) processes and planning strategies such as Spatial Development Frameworks (SDFs) and Integrated Development Plans (IDPs), due to their spatial output of environmental sensitivity maps and their ability to feed strategic assessment processes required by SDFs. They have a legal mandate which ensures their assimilation and use. This research uses a multiple case study approach to review seven EMF documents for their quality. The quality aspects identified are the process, methodology and documentation components, using the printed EMF documentation as primary information source. Quality review criteria were subsequently developed to investigate these inputs, using the legal mandate of EMF as basis. Each case was rated for compliance with the quality criteria using a six–level rating schedule. Further analyses were made by comparing the performance of cases against one another. Public participation emerged as the weakest component of EMF practice, while aspects of sensitivity analysis also performed weaker than other aspects. More focus is required on aligning scales and resolutions of map inputs, mapping methods and general integration of spatial data, especially those of adjoining districts. The need to substantiate a rationale for buffer determination also requires further refinement. The practice of conducting EMF is well established and it can be valuable in sustainable development planning and decisionmaking. Recommendations to enhance the sustainability outcomes and hence effectiveness of this instrument are made, as well as future research objectives for increasing its utility. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Conteúdo: v. 1. Texto - v. 2 Atlas / Resumo: Derrames de óleo causam recorrentes e graves prejuízos aos ecossistemas costeiros em todo o mundo. O mapeamento de sensibilidade ambiental é componente essencial e fonte de informação primária para o planejamento de contingência, que estabelece diretrizes de ações de resposta aos derrames. O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir áreas prioritárias de proteção e zonas de sacrifício por meio do mapeamento, em escala operacional, da sensibilidade a derrames de óleo dos ambientes costeiros dos municípios de São Vicente, Santos e Guarujá (SP), baseando-se na proposta elaborada pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente, com utilização de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica. A região apresenta elevada complexidade e relevância econômica com alto risco de ocorrência de derrames pela presença do Porto de Santos. Possui grande variedade de ecossistemas costeiros e estuarinos sensíveis que abrigam comunidades de elevada diversidade biológica. Como resultados são apresentados 3 Cartas Táticas, 21 Cartas Operacionais e Quadros Descritivos com informações de cada segmento mapeado; além do mapa e das indicações das Áreas Prioritárias e Zonas de Sacrifício, sugeridas de acordo com critérios relevantes, baseados nas características de cada segmento, e considerados a partir do conhecimento detalhado adquirido no desenvolvimento deste trabalho, que constitui importante contribuição à gestão ambiental da zona costeira estudada / Abstract: Oil spills have caused recurrent and severe damages in coastal ecosystems all around the world. The environmental sensitivity mapping is an essential component and prime information source for the contingency planning, which establishes emergency response actions to oil spills. This study aimed to define high priority areas for protection and sacrifice zones by mapping, in detailed scales, the environmental sensitivity to oil spills of coastal habitats in São Vicente, Santos and Guarujá municipalities (São Paulo State). This mapping was done using a Geographic Information System and was based on the methodology and standards suggested by the Brazilian Environmental Ministry. The study area has high economic importance and complexity, with many risks of oil spills because of the presence of the "Porto de Santos". The region shows a wide variety of sensitive estuarine and coastal ecosystems that shelter high biodiversity. As result are presented 3 ESI maps in tactical scales; 21 ESI maps in detailed scales; Descriptive Tables with information from each coastal segment mapped; and the map with indicated areas for high priority protection and sacrifice zones. These areas were suggested according to relevant criteria, based on characteristics of each segment, and considered from the detailed knowledge acquired in the development of this work that represents an important contribution to the coastal environmental management in the study area / Orientador: Paulina Setti Riedel / Coorientador: João Carlos Carvalho Milanelli / Banca: Iris Regina Fernandes Poffo / Banca: Gilberto José Garcia / Acompanha 1 CD-ROM com o volume 2 (atlas) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-03Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:54:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 perinotto_rrc_me_rcla.pdf: 7856943 bytes, checksum: 17e8581630be4a2e1add4cefd13abc6f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Derrames de óleo causam recorrentes e graves prejuízos aos ecossistemas costeiros em todo o mundo. O mapeamento de sensibilidade ambiental é componente essencial e fonte de informação primária para o planejamento de contingência, que estabelece diretrizes de ações de resposta aos derrames. O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir áreas prioritárias de proteção e zonas de sacrifício por meio do mapeamento, em escala operacional, da sensibilidade a derrames de óleo dos ambientes costeiros dos municípios de São Vicente, Santos e Guarujá (SP), baseando-se na proposta elaborada pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente, com utilização de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica. A região apresenta elevada complexidade e relevância econômica com alto risco de ocorrência de derrames pela presença do Porto de Santos. Possui grande variedade de ecossistemas costeiros e estuarinos sensíveis que abrigam comunidades de elevada diversidade biológica. Como resultados são apresentados 3 Cartas Táticas, 21 Cartas Operacionais e Quadros Descritivos com informações de cada segmento mapeado; além do mapa e das indicações das Áreas Prioritárias e Zonas de Sacrifício, sugeridas de acordo com critérios relevantes, baseados nas características de cada segmento, e considerados a partir do conhecimento detalhado adquirido no desenvolvimento deste trabalho, que constitui importante contribuição à gestão ambiental da zona costeira estudada / Oil spills have caused recurrent and severe damages in coastal ecosystems all around the world. The environmental sensitivity mapping is an essential component and prime information source for the contingency planning, which establishes emergency response actions to oil spills. This study aimed to define high priority areas for protection and sacrifice zones by mapping, in detailed scales, the environmental sensitivity to oil spills of coastal habitats in São Vicente, Santos and Guarujá municipalities (São Paulo State). This mapping was done using a Geographic Information System and was based on the methodology and standards suggested by the Brazilian Environmental Ministry. The study area has high economic importance and complexity, with many risks of oil spills because of the presence of the “Porto de Santos”. The region shows a wide variety of sensitive estuarine and coastal ecosystems that shelter high biodiversity. As result are presented 3 ESI maps in tactical scales; 21 ESI maps in detailed scales; Descriptive Tables with information from each coastal segment mapped; and the map with indicated areas for high priority protection and sacrifice zones. These areas were suggested according to relevant criteria, based on characteristics of each segment, and considered from the detailed knowledge acquired in the development of this work that represents an important contribution to the coastal environmental management in the study area