- Einleitung: Projektvorstellung 3D – Saat - Material und Methode zur Einflussermittlung von Bodenparametern auf die Ergebnisse der Feuchtemessung - Präsentation und Diskussion der Ergebnisse - Zusammenfassung und Ausblick

• Wo stehen wir bei Precision/Smart Farming – Immer mehr Elektronik? • Einstellbarkeit von Maschinen • Verschneiden von Informationen – Funktioniert das automatisch? – Analog und Digital kombinieren • Das Ziel ist der Weg – aber kennen wir es? • Wahl des Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugs • Beispiele für die Anwendung – Bodenbearbeitung – Saat • Und die Beratung?

<p dir="ltr">Most road fatalities are caused by human error. To help mitigate this issue and enhance overall transportation safety, companies are turning to advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous vehicle development. Perception, a key module of these systems, mostly uses light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors and enables efficient obstacle detection and environment mapping. Extensive research on the use of LiDAR for autonomous driving has been documented in the literature. Yet still, several researchers and practitioners have advocated continued investigation of LiDAR placement alternatives. To address this research need, this thesis research begins with a comprehensive review of different sensor technologies – camera, radio detection and ranging, global positioning system, and inertial measurement units – and exploring their inherent strengths and limitations. Next, the thesis research developed a methodological multiple criteria framework and implemented it in the context of LiDAR placement optimization. Given the numerous criteria and placement alternatives associated with LiDAR placement, multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was identified as an effective tool for LiDAR placement optimization. MCDA has been applied to some extent in decision-making regarding autonomous vehicle development. However, its application in LiDAR placement optimization remains unexplored. In evaluating the LiDAR placement alternatives, the research first established the placement alternatives and then developed a comprehensive yet diverse set of criteria – point density, blind spot regions, sensor cost, power consumption, sensor redundancy, ease of installation, and aesthetics. The data collection methods included the CARLA simulator, sensor datasheets, and questionnaire surveys. The relative importance among the evaluation criteria was established using weighting techniques such as respondent-assigned weighting, equal weighting, and randomly generated weighting. Then, to standardize the different measurement units, scaling was carried out using value functions developed for each criterion using data from the respondents. Finally, the weighted and scaled criteria measures were amalgamated to obtain the overall evaluation score for each alternative LiDAR placement design. This enabled the ranking of the placement designs and the identification of the best-performing and worst-performing designs. Hence, the optimization method used is the enumeration technique. The findings of this study serve as a reference for future similar efforts that seek to optimize LiDAR placements based on select criteria. Further, it is expected that the thesis’s framework will contribute to an enhanced understanding of the overall impact of LiDAR placement on autonomous vehicles, thus enabling the cost-effective design of their placement and, ultimately, improving AV operational outcomes, including traffic safety.</p>

Im Zuge der Umverlegung einer Güterzugstrecke wurde der Ems-Jade-Kanal durch einen dreifeldrigen, integralen Stahlverbundrahmen überführt, an dem durch ein installiertes Dauermonitoring die Entwicklung der Zwangsschnittgrößen und der einsetzenden Rissbildung beurteilt werden soll. Zur Dehnungsmessung am Bauwerk wurden sowohl Dehnungsmessstreifen (DMS) als auch faseroptische Sensoren (DFOS, distributed fibre optic sensors) im bzw. am Bauwerk appliziert. Die aus dieser Kombination der unterschiedlichen Dehnungssensorik gewonnenen Zustandsgrößen werden in der folgenden Abhandlung verglichen und bewertet.

This cross-departmental initiative bridges Business and IT to establish a nexus for technological innovation, academic research, and tangible retail application, particularly in the realms of Robotics, Sensor Technology, Service Technology, Data Science driven by Artificial Intelligence within a retail setting. Conceived as both a living lab and an innovation hub, this project embodies a fully-operational retail store of the future, furnished with cutting-edge technologies and resourced by experts across varied disciplines and research domains. The overarching objective centers on facilitating knowledge generation and transfer among students, faculty, retailers, and technology companies. By doing so, the lab endeavors to foster collaborative solutions to aptly address the pressing challenges currently being faced by the retail industry, paving the way for sustainable, innovative developments for the future.

Unter dem Titel „Neue Wege in der Umformtechnik“ werden am 27. und 28.11.2023 anlässlich der 29. Sächsischen Fachtagen für Umformtechnik Vertreter aus Industrie und Forschung Ihre Entwicklungen und Forschungsarbeiten im Bereich der Umformtechnik in Dresden vorstellen. Die Professur Formgebende Fertigungsverfahren der Technischen Universität Dresden lädt dazu alle interessierten Fachbesucher in das Maritim Hotel & Internationales Congress Center Dresden nahe der Altstadt ein.

In the development stages of a Digital twin of production assets, especially machine tools, real time process monitoring and data gathering proves to be vital. Having a monitoring system that monitors and updates the operators or managers in real time, helps improve productivity in terms of reducing downtime through predictive/preventive analytics and by incorporating in process quality assessment capabilities. When it comes to Real time monitoring of machine tools andprocesses, sensor technologies have proven to be the most effective and widely researched. Years of research and development have paved the way for many smart sensor technologies that come both in built with the machine tools as well as external applications. However, these technologies prove to be expensive and complicated to implement especially for Small and Medium Enterprises. This thesis focuses on evaluating and testing a simple, cost-efficient monitoring system using inexpensive sensor technologies that would help optimize an existing Digital twin setup for machine tools for Small and Medium Enterprises. Experiments with a 5 axis CNC machine tool using different tools and varying operating parameters, materials were performed,and the relevant sensor data were collected, mapped, analysed for accuracy and benchmarking. The thesis also evaluates the integration of this data with the information already collected from other sources, improve existing data reliability, and provides guidelines on this could be transformed usefully to create more value to SME’s.

Humans are social by nature, and the physical distancing due to COVID has converted many of our daily interactions into virtual ones. Among the negative consequences of this, we find the lack of an element that is essential to humans' well-being, which is the physical touch. With more interactions shifting towards the digital world of the metaverse, we want to provide individuals with the means to include the physical touch in their interactions. We explore the Digital Twin technology's prospect to support in reducing the impact of this on humans. We provide a definition of the concept of Robo Twin and explain its role in mediating human interactions. Besides, we survey research works related to Digital Twin's physical representation with a focus on under-actuated Digital Twin's robotic arms. In this thesis, we first provide findings from the literature, to support researchers' decisions in the adoption and use of designs and implementations of Digital Twin's robotic arms, and to inform future research on current challenges and gaps in existing research works. Subsequently, we design and implement two right-handed under-actuated Digital Twin's robotic arms to mediate the physical interaction between two individuals by allowing them to perform a handshake while they are physically distanced. This experiment served as a proof of concept for our proposed idea of Robo Twin. The findings are very promising as our evaluation shows that the participants are highly interested in using our system to make a handshake with their loved ones when they are physically separated. With this Robo Twin Arm system, we also find a correlation between the handshake characteristics and gender and/or personality traits of the participants from the quantitative handshake data collected during the experiment. Moreover, it is a step towards the design and development of Digital Twin's under-actuated robotic arms and ways to enhance the overall user experience with such a system.

<p dir="ltr">Since before the Apollo era, the rocket propulsion sector has been a key player in developing standards of cleanliness and compatibility when designing, building, and operating systems with toxic propellants. The advent of hypergols and the widespread use of propellants like N₂O₄, Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen (MON), and hydrazine have forced new standards to be developed to meet the ever-growing need for safety when working with dangerous substances. These systems have only continued to grow more complex and many propellant combinations remain toxic and corrosive to most substances as the industry seeks the optimal methods for deriving the most efficient, highest performing, and generally more capable. ASTM International and other standards organizations carry on documenting standards for cleaning and passivation to ensure safe use today to meet the needs of the ever-expanding propulsion industry.</p><p dir="ltr">This thesis aims to determine the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy as a method of characterizing interactions between metals and propellants. First, a background of knowledge regarding the spectroscopic method, propellants, and industry practices was researched and current areas of possible application were identified. The passivation and propellant storage phases of system lifecycles were determined to be the scope and target for experimentation. A multilevel passivation study consisting of exposing three metal types to different concentrations of nitric acid for various durations was conducted to begin developing a greater understanding of the applicability of and the techniques required to make Raman spectroscopy work as a complement to the ASTM passivation verification tests. Lessons learned from this and a short-duration compatibility study with MON and similar metal samples were documented and will be used for a larger scale and longer duration compatibility study in conjunction with NASA White Sands Test Facility (WSTF). The buildup of safe and adequate facilities for such a study was undertaken, completed, and documented in this work.</p><p dir="ltr">The results of testing in this thesis suggest the promising and desirable non-destructive and minimally invasive features of Raman spectroscopy have the potential to be used extensively in the propulsion sector. Suggestions for developing key techniques and methods for this application are developed and outlined as they were learned throughout the study's conduction.</p>

A method is described for preset-count irradiations between 1 and 100 ions singling-out individual ions from an ion beam with more than a billion ions arriving per second. The ion tracks are etched in a conductometric system with real-time evaluation of the acquired data. The etch process can be interrupted when reaching a preset channel diameter. Cylindrical channels are obtained by adding surfactants to the etch solution forming a self-assembled barrier between etching medium and polymer. Asymmetric etching of single ion tracks leads to pH sensitive conical pores with diode-like properties. Using etched channels as template, homogeneous and multilayer magnetic single-wires are electrodeposited. The magnetoresistivity of the wires is studied. Single-track applications comprise critical apertures (cylindric, conic, necked), asymmetric pores (pH sensitive, biospecific), Giant Magneto Resistance sensors, and spintronic devices. On the basis of studies with individual ion tracks we tackled tilted multiporous systems such as ion beam lithography with a masked ion beam leading to micro-structures with inclined walls and anisotropic superhydrophobic ion track textures, analogous to biological shingle structures on butterfly wings. We demonstrated qualitatively, that the asymmetry of the texture translates into motion under ultrasonic agitation. This could lead to the development of rotary drives.