Prior work in our lab has indicated that reduced Hydroxocobalamin (B12r) can be added to human blood and is able to convert carbon monoxide (CO) into carbon dioxide. This has great potential as a direct antidote to mitigate the toxic effects of CO poisoning which is a public health risk. In the first part of our work, we use highly specific wavelengths of light and Raman spectroscopy to study changes in Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) between blood treated with oxygen and blood treated with oxygen and B12r in a flowing circuit of blood. Using Raman spectroscopy, we found that the addition of B12r hastens the conversion of the COHb Raman signals to Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) Raman signals. In addition, the B12r absorbance of light energy within the Raman spectrum is an exploitable relationship that can be used to measure B12r presence in the blood. In part two of our study we focused on the neurobehavioral testing of rats injured by CO exposure, however, we were not able to find statistical differences in the behavioral tests between exposed and unexposed rats.

Introdução: O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) é a maior causa de morte no Brasil e um dos maiores responsáveis por incapacitação e invalidez. Existem informações insuficientes quanto aos principais fatores associados à ocorrência de óbito nos pacientes vítimas desta enfermidade. Alguns escores preditores foram desenvolvidos porém não foram validados em população brasileira até o momento. Uma das ações mais importantes na redução do ônus do AVC é o atendimento sistematizado destes pacientes de forma mulltidisciplinar em Unidades de AVC (UAVC) com potencial aumento do uso da terapia trombolítica, além da estratificação dos pacientes, possibilitando decisões terapêuticas mais precoces. Este estudo traz informações sobre o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes admitidos na UAVC do Hospital Geral de Fortaleza (HGF), bem como identifica fatores preditores de mortalidade e incapacidade até a alta hospitalar e busca validar o Escore de Risco do Registro da Rede Canadense de AVC (IScore), possibilitando a utilização desta ferramenta na estratificação de risco de morte e incapacidade em uma população distinta daquela originalmente realizada. Objetivos: avaliar perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos pacientes e identificar fatores preditores independentes de mortalidade e incapacidade (primários); validar o iScore para morte ou incapacidade e desenvolver um escore na amostra para morte e incapacidade (secundários). Métodos: Foram selecionados pacientes consecutivos admitidos na Unidade de AVC do HGF entre novembro de 2009 até maio de 2012 com diagnóstico clínico de AVC isquêmico. Os dados foram coletados por equipe treinada e através de um formulário específico. Foi realizada análise univariada (método do quiquadrado) e análise multivariada (com regressão logística, stepwise forwardbackward) para descrição das características e identificação dos fatores associados ao desfecho. Teste de correlação de Pearson e curva ROC foram utilizados para medidas de correlação e desempenho dos escores prognósticos. Resultados: no período entre novembro de 2009 e maio de 2012 foram elegíveis 1433 pacientes, sendo 780 analisados. Houve predomíno do sexo masculino e a média de idade (± desvio padrão) foi de 66,1 anos (± 15,44). A forma de apresentação mais comum foi a fraqueza muscular (653 pacientes, 83,6%). O desfecho combinado ocorreu em 423 pacientes (45,8%) e 40 pacientes (5,1%) morreram. Foram identificados 8 fatores preditores independentes para o desfecho. O iScore apresentou bom desempenho, com AUC de 0,797 e Correlação de Pearson de 0,989. Conclusão: Pacientes com AVCi tem altas taxas de incapacidade ou morte até a alta de uma unidade de AVC. Medidas populacionais de informação tem potencial para reduzir a ocorrência dos desfechos. Foram identificados oito fatores preditores de mortalidade ou incapacidade. O iScore apresentou bom desempenho na amostra e pode ser utilizado com acurácia na população brasileira como ferramenta prognóstica. / Intoduction: Stroke is the leading cause of death and one of the most important disease associated with disability in Brazil. There is insufficient information about factors associated with death in stroke patients. Some death risk score has been developed, but none of them were applied in the Brazilian population yet. One of the most important actions to be done to reduce the burden of the stroke is the multidisciplinary assessment of the patients in stroke units (UAVC), with the potential to improve the thrombolytic therapy utilization and the early stratification of patients, allowing earlier treatment decisions. The present study, provides information on the epidemiological profile of patients admitted to the stroke unit in the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza (HGF), identifies predictors of in-hospital mortality and disability and seeks to validate the IScore, allowing the use of this tool to stratify the risk of death and disability in a population different from that which was originally derived. Objectives: to evaluate patient epidemiologic and clinical patterns and factors independently associated with death and disability at hospital discharge (primary objectives); to validate the iScore fitness to predict mortality and/or disability and to develop a new risk score to predict mortality and disability at discharge (secondary objectives). Methods: all consecutive patients admitted to the Hospital Geral de Fortaleza Stroke Unit since November 2009 until May 2012 were elegible. Data were collected by a trained team and by using a specific clinical research form. Univariable analysis (by chi-square test) followed by multivariable analysis (with logistic regression) were performed to identify and establish the variables associated with the outcome (death or disability at hospital discharge). Additionally, Pearson correlation test and ROC curve to measure the iScore correlation and discrimination ability were conducted. Results: a total of 1433 patients were selected and 781 considered eligible were included for the analysis. Male gender were more frequent; mean age was 66,1 (± 15,44). The most common clinical pattern at hospital arrival was \"weakness\" (653 pacientes, 83,6%). Outcome occurred in 423 patients (58,6%) and 40 patients (5,1%) had died. Eight factors were independently associated with outcome. The iScore had good performance, with AUC of 0,797 and Pearson Correlation Test of 0,985. Conclusion: Stroke patients have substantial rate of death or disability at hospital discharge. Populationbased strategies to inform about the signs and symptoms of stroke have potential to decrease this rate. Eight factors were identified as predictors of death or disability and might be used to support patient risk stratification. The iScore had a good performance in the sample and can be used with accuracy as a prognostic tool in Brazil.

Introdução: Os acidentes de transporte terrestre (ATT) são responsáveis por milhares de óbitos e lesões em todo o mundo. Muitas dessas lesões resultam em sequelas que comprometem a capacidade funcional das vítimas desses agravos. As internações e as sequelas representam importante impacto nos serviços de saúde e na sociedade. Entretanto, não é conhecida a prevalência das sequelas decorrentes de ATT e nem os fatores associados às mesmas. Em 2010, a Organização das Nações Unidas estabeleceu o período de 2011 a 2020 como a Década de Segurança Viária, com a meta de estabilizar ou reduzir as mortes decorrentes de ATT nos países membros. Objetivo: Descrever um panorama sobre os ATT ocorridos no Brasil, caracterizando as internações, as sequelas e os óbitos por esta causa, com vistas a contribuir para a vigilância destes agravos. Métodos: Foram realizados quatro estudos: a) estimativa do tempo de permanência e dos gastos das internações em 2013 e análise da morbidade hospitalar no triênio 2011-2013; b) uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados eletrônicas sobre prevalência de sequelas; c) ecológico de série temporal sobre as internações por ATT com diagnóstico sugestivo de sequelas físicas de 2000 a 2013; e d) descritivo sobre mortalidade por ATT em 2013 e estimativa dos anos potenciais de vida perdidos. Resultados: Ocorreram, em 2013, 170.805 internações por ATT, maior no sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, entre os motociclistas e nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Nordeste. Os gastos em 2013 foram de R$ 231.469.333,13, com 1.072.557 dias de permanência e média de 6,3 dias. As taxas de internação por ATT foram 77,8 (2011), 79,9 (2012) e 85,0 (2013) internações/100 mil habitantes. Foram incluídos quatro artigos na revisão sistemática. A prevalência de sequelas decorrentes do ATT variou de 19 por cento em Yorkshire/Inglaterra a 49,5 por cento em Teresina/Piauí. As referências analisadas não apresentaram caracterização do perfil epidemiológico das vítimas com sequelas por ATT. De 2000 a 2013, ocorreram 1.747.191 internações por ATT. Destas 410.448 pessoas (23,5 por cento ) apresentaram diagnóstico sugestivo de sequelas físicas, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino, da faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos, residentes na Região Sudeste, pedestres e motociclistas. A tendência foi de aumento nas internações por ATT com diagnóstico sugestivo de sequela certeza no sexo masculino e nas regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste. A taxa de mortalidade em 2013 foi de 21,0 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes para o país. A região Centro-oeste apresentou a taxa mais elevada (29,9 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes). A maioria dos óbitos por ATT foi observada no sexo masculino, na raça/cor da pele negra, nos adultos jovens, em indivíduos com baixa escolaridade e entre motociclistas. A taxa de mortalidade no triênio 2011 a 2013 reduziu 4,1 por cento , mas aumentou entre os motociclistas. Em todo o país, mais de um milhão de anos potenciais de vida foram perdidos em 2013 devido aos ATT, especialmente na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos. Conclusão: O Brasil ainda precisa avançar na temática que envolve os ATT, desde a sua prevenção à reabilitação de suas vítimas. Ressalta-se que para o alcance da meta da Década de Ação para Segurança Viária é necessário que as iniciativas deixem de ser pontuais e sigam para além do setor saúde, pois requerem atuações intersetoriais priorizadas no plano de governo e na agenda da sociedade. / Introduction: Traffic Accidents are responsible for thousands of deaths and injuries in all world. Many these injuries provoke sequelae that compromise the functional capacity of the traffic accidents victims. Hospitalizations and sequelae represent significant impact on health services and society. However, prevalence of sequelae due to traffic accident and his association factors is not known. Objective: Describe a perspective on traffic accidents in Brazil, characterizing hospitalizations, sequelae and deaths due to this event, in order to contribute to traffic accidents surveillance. In 2010, the United Nations established the period 2011-2020 as the \"Decade of Action for Road Safety\" with a goal to stabilize or reduce deaths from traffic accidents in member countries. Methods: Four studies were carried out: a) an estimation of the time and spending on hospitalization in 2013 and an analysis of hospital morbidity during 2011-2013; b) a systematic review of the electronic databases about sequelae prevalence; c) an ecological time series about hospitalizations due to traffic accidents with suggestive diagnostic of physical sequelae, from 2000 to 2013; and d) an descriptive approach about mortality due to traffic accidents and an estimation of years of potential life lost. Results: In 2013, there were 170,805 hospitalizations for traffic accidents, higher in male, 20 to 39 years old, motorcycles and Central-West and Northeast Regions. Direct costs were R$ 231,469,333.13 in 2013, the duration of hospitalization was 1,072,557 days e average permanence in hospital was 6.3 days. Hospitalization rates for traffic accidents were 77.8 (2011), 79.9 (2012) e 85.0 (2013) hospitalization/ 100,000 inhabitants. Four papers were included in this review. The prevalence of physical sequelae among victms of traffic accidents ranged from 19 per cent , in Yorkshire/England, to 49,5 per cent in Teresina/Piauí. The articles studied did not show epidemiological profile of victims with physical sequelae of traffic accident. From 2000 to 2013, there were 1,747,191 hospitalizations due to traffic accidents, whose 410,448 people (23.5 per cent ) showed suggestive diagnostic of physical sequelae, the majority was male, 20 to 29 years old, residents in Southeast Region, pedestrian and motorcyclists. there were significant rising trends in the rates of hospitalizations for confirmed sequel among men and in North and Central-West regions. Mortality rate was 21.0 deaths per 100.000 habitants for the country as a whole. The Central West Region showed the highest rate (29.9 deaths per 100,000 habitants). Most of deaths for traffic accidents were male, black, young adults, low levels of schooling and motorcyclists. Mortality rate in the periods of 2011 to 2013 showed a decrease (- 4.1 per cent ), however this rate increased among motorcyclists. In Brazil, years of potential life lost amounted to 1 million in 2013, mainly in the 20-29 years age group. Conclusion: Brazil needs to make progress in traffic accidents issues, for their prevention and rehabilitation for victims. It is emphasized that to achieve the Decade of Action for Road Safety\'s goal is necessary that initiatives are no transitories and go beyond the health sector, because these strategies require intersectoral actions that are prioritized in the government plan and society agenda.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os prontuários de pacientes de hanseníase na cidade de Palmas, Tocantins, verificando a completude de preenchimento dos documentos obrigatórios de constarem no mesmo, bem como a qualidade dos registros realizados pelos diversos profissionais durante o tratamento dos pacientes. Para coletar os dados foi utilizado um checklist por meio do qual se registrou o nível de completude do preenchimento de documentos obrigatórios do prontuário do paciente de hanseníase, o Nível do Registro Descritivo, e os dados o Grau de Incapacidade Física e Escore de Olhos, Mãos e Pés do paciente. Foram analisados 233 prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados e tratados entre 2011 e 2014, sendo a maior parte deles, do sexo masculino (61%). O documento com maior percentual de preenchimento parcial foi o Formulário de Vigilância de Contatos Intradomiciliares (79,4%). Quanto aos documentos do prontuário como um todo, apenas 0,86% dos prontuários foram considerados como estando adequados. O Nível do Registro Descritivo foi predominantemente Mínimo (38,4%) e Médio (58,6%). Houve associação estatística significativa (p<0,05) entre esta variável e o Escore de Olhos, Mãos e Pés. Este estudo e seus resultados reforçam a hipótese de que existe relação entre registro mal feito e cuidado mal prestado ao paciente. / The objective of this study was to analyze the records of leprosy patients in the city of Palmas, Tocantins, verifying the completeness of filling out the mandatory documents included in it, as well as the quality of the records made by the various professionals during the treatment of the patients. To collect the data, a checklist was used to record the completeness of fulfillment in the mandatory documents of the leprosy patient record, the Level of Descriptive Record, and the data on the Physical Disability Grade and Eye-Hand-Foot Score of the patient. We analyzed 233 medical records of patients diagnosed and treated between 2011 and 2014, most of them male (61%). The document with the highest percentage of partial completion was the Intradomiciliary Contacts Surveillance Form (79.4%). As for the documents of the patient record as a whole, only 0.86% of the records were considered adequate. The level of Descriptive Record was predominantly Minimum (38.4%) and Medium (58.6%). There was a statistically significant association (p<0.05) between this variable and the Eye-Hand-Foot Score. This study and its results reinforce the hypothesis that there is a relationship between poorly done registry and poor care provided to the patient.

Introdução: Os acidentes de transporte terrestre (ATT) são responsáveis por milhares de óbitos e lesões em todo o mundo. Muitas dessas lesões resultam em sequelas que comprometem a capacidade funcional das vítimas desses agravos. As internações e as sequelas representam importante impacto nos serviços de saúde e na sociedade. Entretanto, não é conhecida a prevalência das sequelas decorrentes de ATT e nem os fatores associados às mesmas. Em 2010, a Organização das Nações Unidas estabeleceu o período de 2011 a 2020 como a Década de Segurança Viária, com a meta de estabilizar ou reduzir as mortes decorrentes de ATT nos países membros. Objetivo: Descrever um panorama sobre os ATT ocorridos no Brasil, caracterizando as internações, as sequelas e os óbitos por esta causa, com vistas a contribuir para a vigilância destes agravos. Métodos: Foram realizados quatro estudos: a) estimativa do tempo de permanência e dos gastos das internações em 2013 e análise da morbidade hospitalar no triênio 2011-2013; b) uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados eletrônicas sobre prevalência de sequelas; c) ecológico de série temporal sobre as internações por ATT com diagnóstico sugestivo de sequelas físicas de 2000 a 2013; e d) descritivo sobre mortalidade por ATT em 2013 e estimativa dos anos potenciais de vida perdidos. Resultados: Ocorreram, em 2013, 170.805 internações por ATT, maior no sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos, entre os motociclistas e nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Nordeste. Os gastos em 2013 foram de R$ 231.469.333,13, com 1.072.557 dias de permanência e média de 6,3 dias. As taxas de internação por ATT foram 77,8 (2011), 79,9 (2012) e 85,0 (2013) internações/100 mil habitantes. Foram incluídos quatro artigos na revisão sistemática. A prevalência de sequelas decorrentes do ATT variou de 19 por cento em Yorkshire/Inglaterra a 49,5 por cento em Teresina/Piauí. As referências analisadas não apresentaram caracterização do perfil epidemiológico das vítimas com sequelas por ATT. De 2000 a 2013, ocorreram 1.747.191 internações por ATT. Destas 410.448 pessoas (23,5 por cento ) apresentaram diagnóstico sugestivo de sequelas físicas, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino, da faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos, residentes na Região Sudeste, pedestres e motociclistas. A tendência foi de aumento nas internações por ATT com diagnóstico sugestivo de sequela certeza no sexo masculino e nas regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste. A taxa de mortalidade em 2013 foi de 21,0 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes para o país. A região Centro-oeste apresentou a taxa mais elevada (29,9 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes). A maioria dos óbitos por ATT foi observada no sexo masculino, na raça/cor da pele negra, nos adultos jovens, em indivíduos com baixa escolaridade e entre motociclistas. A taxa de mortalidade no triênio 2011 a 2013 reduziu 4,1 por cento , mas aumentou entre os motociclistas. Em todo o país, mais de um milhão de anos potenciais de vida foram perdidos em 2013 devido aos ATT, especialmente na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos. Conclusão: O Brasil ainda precisa avançar na temática que envolve os ATT, desde a sua prevenção à reabilitação de suas vítimas. Ressalta-se que para o alcance da meta da Década de Ação para Segurança Viária é necessário que as iniciativas deixem de ser pontuais e sigam para além do setor saúde, pois requerem atuações intersetoriais priorizadas no plano de governo e na agenda da sociedade. / Introduction: Traffic Accidents are responsible for thousands of deaths and injuries in all world. Many these injuries provoke sequelae that compromise the functional capacity of the traffic accidents victims. Hospitalizations and sequelae represent significant impact on health services and society. However, prevalence of sequelae due to traffic accident and his association factors is not known. Objective: Describe a perspective on traffic accidents in Brazil, characterizing hospitalizations, sequelae and deaths due to this event, in order to contribute to traffic accidents surveillance. In 2010, the United Nations established the period 2011-2020 as the \"Decade of Action for Road Safety\" with a goal to stabilize or reduce deaths from traffic accidents in member countries. Methods: Four studies were carried out: a) an estimation of the time and spending on hospitalization in 2013 and an analysis of hospital morbidity during 2011-2013; b) a systematic review of the electronic databases about sequelae prevalence; c) an ecological time series about hospitalizations due to traffic accidents with suggestive diagnostic of physical sequelae, from 2000 to 2013; and d) an descriptive approach about mortality due to traffic accidents and an estimation of years of potential life lost. Results: In 2013, there were 170,805 hospitalizations for traffic accidents, higher in male, 20 to 39 years old, motorcycles and Central-West and Northeast Regions. Direct costs were R$ 231,469,333.13 in 2013, the duration of hospitalization was 1,072,557 days e average permanence in hospital was 6.3 days. Hospitalization rates for traffic accidents were 77.8 (2011), 79.9 (2012) e 85.0 (2013) hospitalization/ 100,000 inhabitants. Four papers were included in this review. The prevalence of physical sequelae among victms of traffic accidents ranged from 19 per cent , in Yorkshire/England, to 49,5 per cent in Teresina/Piauí. The articles studied did not show epidemiological profile of victims with physical sequelae of traffic accident. From 2000 to 2013, there were 1,747,191 hospitalizations due to traffic accidents, whose 410,448 people (23.5 per cent ) showed suggestive diagnostic of physical sequelae, the majority was male, 20 to 29 years old, residents in Southeast Region, pedestrian and motorcyclists. there were significant rising trends in the rates of hospitalizations for confirmed sequel among men and in North and Central-West regions. Mortality rate was 21.0 deaths per 100.000 habitants for the country as a whole. The Central West Region showed the highest rate (29.9 deaths per 100,000 habitants). Most of deaths for traffic accidents were male, black, young adults, low levels of schooling and motorcyclists. Mortality rate in the periods of 2011 to 2013 showed a decrease (- 4.1 per cent ), however this rate increased among motorcyclists. In Brazil, years of potential life lost amounted to 1 million in 2013, mainly in the 20-29 years age group. Conclusion: Brazil needs to make progress in traffic accidents issues, for their prevention and rehabilitation for victims. It is emphasized that to achieve the Decade of Action for Road Safety\'s goal is necessary that initiatives are no transitories and go beyond the health sector, because these strategies require intersectoral actions that are prioritized in the government plan and society agenda.

Thesis (M.A. (Psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / HIV/AIDS is devastating and fatal to working adults in the prime of their lives, thus leaving the responsibility of caring for the orphans to their grandparents. This study explored the experiences of grandparents assuming the role of parenting their AIDSorphaned grandchildren in Lephalale, South Africa. Phenomenological face-face interviews were conducted with ten elderly, black African grandmothers between the ages of 55 and 71. The participating women were self-identified as carers for their AIDS-orphaned grandchildren. The challenges the participant grandmothers faced in caring for their grandchildren were identified as the following: recurrent experiences of loss and grief, lack of social support, fear of stigmatization, financial constraints, mental health and physical strain, difficulty in acquiring state social grants, emotional distress, the caring role being divinely ordained and the rejection of orphans by their biological fathers. Recommendations are advanced on the basis of the findings.

Bibliography: leaves 107-109 / 109 leaves, [26] leaves of plates : / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (M.D.)--University of Adelaide, 1989

People with diabetes are at a greater risk of burn injuries than those without diabetes. This stems from the epidemiological profiles of the conditions and the effects of morbidities associated with diabetes. Both conditions share some similarities in terms of metabolic alterations and suboptimal immune functions which may result in poor outcomes for patients. For that reason, it is reasonable to deduce that patients with diabetes are a challenging group to manage in burns units. However, this deduction should be taken cautiously because of lack of supporting evidence. Accordingly and after consulting with clinical experts, the research in this portfolio investigated the association between diabetes and burn injuries. In particular, two different aspects of this association were investigated in two individual quantitative and descriptive inquiries. The first was a case note review of patients hospitalised with a principal diagnosis of a foot burn injury in a large tertiary hospital in South Australia from 1999 to 2004. The second study investigated management of diabetes in burns units treating adults. This study is an e-mail survey of clinical leaders of burns units in Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. The clinical leaders were approached indirectly through key liaison persons in each identified unit. In the first study, outcomes for twelve subjects with and fifty-two without diabetes were described using descriptive and non-parametric statistics. In the second study, descriptive frequencies and content analysis were adopted to analyse twenty-nine responses from seventeen out of thirty burns units which participated in the study. Supporting findings in the literature, the first study showed that burn injuries among subjects with diabetes were mainly resulted from household devices. There were no statistically significant differences between subjects with and without diabetes in terms of size and depth of burn injuries and treatment received. In spite of this, there was a statistically significant association between diabetes and the experience of local post-burn complications and longer duration of hospitalisation. The second study indicated that more than twenty-five percent of the respondents believed that multidisciplinary centres should only occasionally be involved in the process of care. Participants reported that the individual profile of each patient plays a major role in determining the management of diabetes. Additionally, it was found that the insulin sliding scale was commonly used in the management of diabetes in burns units. The association between diabetes and a burn injury is a serious issue in terms of health and cost. This association need be addressed firstly and most importantly at the prevention level; secondly through proper management of both diabetes and burns. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1285462 / Thesis (D.Nurs.)--Population Health and Clinical Practice, 2007.

People with diabetes are at a greater risk of burn injuries than those without diabetes. This stems from the epidemiological profiles of the conditions and the effects of morbidities associated with diabetes. Both conditions share some similarities in terms of metabolic alterations and suboptimal immune functions which may result in poor outcomes for patients. For that reason, it is reasonable to deduce that patients with diabetes are a challenging group to manage in burns units. However, this deduction should be taken cautiously because of lack of supporting evidence. Accordingly and after consulting with clinical experts, the research in this portfolio investigated the association between diabetes and burn injuries. In particular, two different aspects of this association were investigated in two individual quantitative and descriptive inquiries. The first was a case note review of patients hospitalised with a principal diagnosis of a foot burn injury in a large tertiary hospital in South Australia from 1999 to 2004. The second study investigated management of diabetes in burns units treating adults. This study is an e-mail survey of clinical leaders of burns units in Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. The clinical leaders were approached indirectly through key liaison persons in each identified unit. In the first study, outcomes for twelve subjects with and fifty-two without diabetes were described using descriptive and non-parametric statistics. In the second study, descriptive frequencies and content analysis were adopted to analyse twenty-nine responses from seventeen out of thirty burns units which participated in the study. Supporting findings in the literature, the first study showed that burn injuries among subjects with diabetes were mainly resulted from household devices. There were no statistically significant differences between subjects with and without diabetes in terms of size and depth of burn injuries and treatment received. In spite of this, there was a statistically significant association between diabetes and the experience of local post-burn complications and longer duration of hospitalisation. The second study indicated that more than twenty-five percent of the respondents believed that multidisciplinary centres should only occasionally be involved in the process of care. Participants reported that the individual profile of each patient plays a major role in determining the management of diabetes. Additionally, it was found that the insulin sliding scale was commonly used in the management of diabetes in burns units. The association between diabetes and a burn injury is a serious issue in terms of health and cost. This association need be addressed firstly and most importantly at the prevention level; secondly through proper management of both diabetes and burns. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1285462 / Thesis (D.Nurs.)--Population Health and Clinical Practice, 2007.

Orientador: Marcos Ferreira Minicucci / Coorientador: Sandro José Conte / Banca: Marina Politi Okoshi / Banca: Daniela de Rezende Duarte Maksymczuk / Resumo: Introdução: Alguns estudos mostraram que o processo inflamatório está relacionado à gravidade da queimadura. Nesse contexto, a utilização de estratégias para modular essa hiper-resposta inflamatória é bastante atrativa. Nos últimos anos, a vitamina D tem se destacado por sua ação anti-inflamatória e pela modulação da resposta imunológica. Parte das ações da vitamina D é mediada pelo receptor nuclear da vitamina D (VDR). Estudos recentes mostram que polimorfismos do gene do receptor VDR pode influenciar a resposta à vitamina D. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a associação dos polimorfismos Taql e Bsml do gene VDR com o tempo de internação, o surgimento de infecção e a mortalidade em pacientes queimados. Casuística e métodos: Foram incluídos prospectivamente os pacientes queimados, com idade ≥ 18 anos, que internaram na enfermaria e na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Setor de Tratamento de Queimados do Hospital Estadual Bauru. Os pacientes foram incluídos no período de janeiro de 2013 a janeiro de 2014. Na admissão dos pacientes foram registrados dados demográficos e clínicos foram registrados. Amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas na admissão dos pacientes para dosagem bioquímica, de 25 (OH) vitamina D e determinação dos polimorfismos Taql e Bsml do gene VDR. Os pacientes foram acompanhados durante toda a internação e o surgimento de infecção, o tempo de internação e a mortalidade foram registrados. Para avaliar a associação dos polimorfismos com o tempo de internação utilizamos a análise de regressão linear simples e múltipla. Para avaliar a associação dos polimorfismos com o surgimento de infecção e mortalidade utilizamos a análise de regressão logística. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: Foram avaliados 87 pacientes, mas em 7 deles, devido problemas técnicos, não foram avaliados os polimorfismos do receptor da vitamina D, Taql e Bsml, por isso... / Abstract: Introduction: Some studies showed that the inflammatory process was related with severe burn injury. Thus, strategies for modulation of inflammatory response are of great interest. In the last years, vitamin D received attention due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions. Most of the actions of vitamin D are through its nuclear receptor (VDR). Recent studies showed that VDR gene polymorphisms could influence vitamin D response. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the association of Taql and Bsml polymorphisms of VDR gene with length of hospital stay, infection development and mortality in burn patients. Methods: We prospectively evaluated burn patients, over the age of 18 years, admitted to the Burn Unit of Hospital Estadual Bauru. The patients were included from January 2013 to January 2014, after signing the written informed consent. Upon admission demographical and clinical data were recorded. Blood sample was collected for biochemical analysis, measure of serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 concentration, and Taql and Bsml polymorphisms determination. The patients were followed during hospital admission, and length of hospital stay, infection development and mortality were recorded. For association between length of hospital stay and VDR polymorphisms we used uni and multivariate linear regressions. For association between polymorphisms and infection development and mortality, uni and multiple logistic regressions were performed. Significance level was 5%. Results: We evaluated 87 patients, however 7 were excluded due to technical problems with VDR polymorphism evaluation. Thus, 80 patients were studied. Considering these patients 60% were male, and average age was 42.5 ± 16.1 years. Regarding the cause of burn 47.5% were caused by fire, 33,7% due to hot liquids, 15% caused by electricity and 3.8% due to other causes. The median of burn surface area was 8.0 (3.0-18.8)% and 47.5% were treated in intensive care ... / Mestre