The sharing economy has become a widely known phenomena, however, the main focus has always been on sharing between consumers, with firms like Airbnb and Uber at the center of the conversation. There is plenty of material written on the sharing economy in a consumer context, however, there is a glaring gap in current literature when it comes to sharing between businesses. There is a need for an analysis of what drives sharing between businesses, in order to identify potential differences between the consumer and the business environment. This study aims to answer the following research question: Why and to what extent do the factors convenience, financial, sustainable and uncertainty entice or deter management participation in the B2B sharing economy? The factors investigated in the study is derived from current literature. From the literature a conceptual model was developed. To complement the secondary data interviews were held to get a better grasp of sharing in a business context. The results suggests that there is an importance hierarchy in between the factors from most to least important as follows; financial, uncertainty, convenience and sustainability. Finally, the study contributes with a revised conceptual model where data from the results are used to modify the model derived from previous literature. The revised conceptual model can guide business to business sharing platforms when developing marketing strategies for their platforms. In addition, the insights gained from the study can be used when developing a platform or business model by prioritizing the more important factors.

Today it has become standard for organizations to rely on self-serving teams to make decisions since they are believed to provide access to bigger pools of information and knowledge than individual managers. However, while a lot of research has been focusing on how to improve information and knowledge sharing in teams to better promote the making of deliverables, not much has been said about how self-serving teams actually communicate information and knowledge. In this thesis a qualitative study was conducted with seven members of a software-provisioning team to, with particular focus on using IT when communicating, investigate how information and knowledge is communicated within and across team boundaries. Findings in this thesis suggest that there is a tension between information and knowledge sharing in teams. While the formalization of technological channels might facilitate effective information sharing in teams, it could have negative effects on knowledge sharing.

Due to the globalization in the world economy, most multinational organizations have changed the way they conduct business. This change also influenced the structure and working of IT services-providing companies. Due to the contemporary phenomenon of the world being seen as a global village, today organizations have access to a wider talent pool. Different multinational IT services-providing companies follow global software development models, while some of these also call people onshore from distant offices to work on different projects. In this scenario, cross-cultural teams are formed to work together and to fulfill clients’ requirements. The objective of this study is to identify cultural differences that affect the knowledge sharing process in IT services-providing companies. In this study, we present the case of a Swedish IT services-providing company that has extended operations into India. Our intention is to understand employees’ views about their work experience in a cross-cultural team. In this context, the study employs a qualitative approach, which helps to elucidate the role of national culture dimensions on an individual’s behavior within the workplace, as well as the impact national culture dimensions have on knowledge sharing processes. Six cross-cultural team members, who have the experience of working in a cross-cultural environment, were interviewed utilizing a semi-structured interview model. Data collection also includes two and half days of data collected during the observation of a cross-cultural team. The collected data helps to effectively clarify in-depth views about the concerns employees have while working within cross-cultural teams. The data collected was analyzed by applying hermeneutics, through which we mapped the answers to the theory of Hofstede on culture. The latter served as the indicator to focus on cultural dimensions that have decisive influence on knowledge sharing in cross-cultural environments. We conclude by highlighting several specific cultural factors that may affect knowledge sharing in cross-cultural environments.

The objective of this investigation was to determine the electronic effects of the halogen atoms in dihaloketenes such as dichloroketene and dibromoketene.

Guan, Jiayu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-79). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese.

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I ljuset av en upphovsrätt som har till syfte att skapa incitament för nyskapande, innovation och tillgå allmänheten med kultur krävs förändring av lagstiftningen på området. Detta för att säkerställa de ensamrättigheter, rätt till exemplarframställning samt rätt till tillgängliggörande för allmänheten, en upphovsman erhåller till dennes verk. Idag ger förvisso den gällande rätten dessa rättigheter skydd. Emellertid bryter många svenskar mot detta skydd och gör intrång i den till upphovsmannen eller rättighetsinnehavaren knutna upphovsrätten. Att en förändring är påkallat inom området står klart eftersom ytterst få av dem som gör intrång i upphovsrätten åläggs ansvar för gärningen.  Dock finns olika synpunkter på i vilken riktning förändringen ska ske. En stor opposition till upphovsrättens gällande lagstiftning som menar att stora delar av den bör ändras för att legalisera fildelning. Samtidigt försöker förespråkarna för upphovsrätten hindra utvecklingen som innebär att intrång i upphovsrätten sker genom ny restriktivare lagstiftning.  Uppsatsen behandlar de skäl och argument som de båda sidorna framställer. Vidare tar uppsatsen upp de olika förändringar och lösningar som skälen och argumenten har utmynnat i.

Bike sharing is a service, spread over the world and often finds recognition by being made available to almostanyone, providing affordable access in urban space and becoming an alternative to motorized transportationand vehicles.But does bike sharing now answer our needs and desiresin our every day practice in town? Are there possibilitiesto enhance the sharing experience?How to adress the ones that do not make use of the service yet?By keeping close sight to users throughout my project and involving them into my process, it helped me understandhow they want to make use of the bicycles and the service to meet their expectations.These understandings and keyfindings I translated towardsbike sharing and its conclusion defines my proposal.Resulted is a link to StorStockholms Lokaltrafik and bike sharing, a “muscle driven individual public tranportalternative” to the already established public networksystem in Stockholm‘s urban space.Driven by values such as accessibility, flexibility and reliability, I envisoned in a fictional collaboration with SL, the SL Cykel.The SL Cykel covers a Product Service System, embededin the tbana areas and accessed by SL‘s smart card.Based on different modes of traveling, this proposal is meant to be a self-regulating system, which encouragesits customer to become active part in the service and its flexibility.

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Abstract This paper uses a sample of listed and unlisted securities companies in Taiwan to investigate the effects of employee productivity. The empirical estimation is based on a modified Cobb-Douglas production function. To provide a preliminary account of how the securities firms use the group incentive system and if the system certainly works as well as other companies on productivity effects, this paper examines the productivity effects via pooling the financial data during 1997-2000, the dataset is constructed of 132 securities firms. In addition, to estimate the incentive effects from the bonus, a number of independent variables are included in this study, such as profit-sharing dummy variables, amount of distributed shares, stock price and the ratio of profit sharing to net-profit. Moreover, the study also adds the ratio of profit sharing to wage to explore that if the wage risk could reduce the effects of employee productivity. The result indicates that firms with stock bonus will perform better than others, it apparently shows on listed companies, and the stock price is a key factor. Further, this study also finds that increasing the ratio of cash bonus to wage or to net-profit, it would significantly reduce employee productivity, especially on unlisted companies, and the stock bonus is contrary to the cash bonus.