Abstract Business competition is violent due to globalization and large-scale production. For the purpose of improving competition advantage, enterprises had integrated their business flow in Supply chain. Business move their competition advantages from firm base to supply chain base gradually.The flow of supply chain was redesigned not only considering of cost down by the way of collaboration ,also transfer Supply Chain Management to Demain Chain Management further. To respond the need from customer quickly and compete with the rival, market requirement pulling instead the material planning pushing. This article is a case study in stainless steel industry to interpret the requirement of inbound and outbound information in demand chain management. The main inbound information is market requirement forecasting that could planning the requirement from customer in order to process efficient supply and reduce cost in production. The information in outbound include sales¡Bmaking¡Bdelivery message to support customer know the situation of purchasing order well. Also,it can help customer do a good planning for resale or reprocess in B2B transaction. The research focus on three domains: 1.Industrial environment-including partnership¡Binformation intension, 2.Business management:including information level¡Binformation quality and source, 3.Information technology:including information infrastructure. After analysis the impact of the information sharing factors ,we found firm scale and business model influence the level of business information. While business collaboration in progress due to the considering of benefits and limitation of information infrastructure,the informations sharing couldn,t proceed efficiently,So, the information between two business couldn¡¦t integrated and no efficient business model was created. Business management model and IT ability determine the need¡Bwish and ability of demand chain information sharing. The content of information sharing in transaction should be distinct to find what measurement should be consider.Then we could recognize the necessity and benefit of information sharing ,and find solution to drive out the obstacle of information sharing.

By using multiple regression analyses from 365 managers distributed four kind of industries in Taiwan, the study tested total of 9 hypotheses that respectively partially proposed to explore relationships of perception of organizational politics related to knowledge sharing. Four theoretical perspectives embedded in the literature review to strengthen the theme¡Xorganizational politics. The four main findings of the study included: (1) Perceptions of organizational politics simultaneously negatively effected to trust, organizational restructuring satisfaction and knowledge sharing. (2) Trust not only did positively effect to organizational restructuring satisfaction and knowledge sharing, it also fully mediated effect between perception of organizational politics and knowledge sharing. (3) Organizational restructuring satisfaction positively effected to knowledge sharing; besides, it not only did partially mediate effect between perceptions of organizational politics and knowledge sharing, but also did fully mediate effect between perceptions of organizational politics and trust. (4) Concreted confirmatory model examined Goodness Fit perfectly. Implications of the results to those of organization, manager and future research were discussed.

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With the advancement of technology, knowledge management (KM) has become more and more important in research and practice. In the research of KM, researchers believe that organizations are abundant in knowledge, and the sharing of knowledge can utilize knowledge well. Therefore, how to share knowledge stored in organizations and individuals is the most important issue. Recently, firms take outside resources as potential sources of firm-addressable knowledge. By interacting with customers constantly, firms can get lots of valuable information and knowledge, such as market information, professional experiments and communication skills. Our research selects knowledge intensive service firms as the subject of research and tries to understand the processes of interorganizational knowledge sharing within the development of the information project. First, from literature review we found that knowledge sharing is affected by four factors: project¡¦s background, characteristics of organizations, characteristics of knowledge, and characteristics of tasks. Because the processes of knowledge sharing are dynamic and complex processes, and there is no a well-defined framework, this research is an explorative research, using qualitative research method to carry out this research. This research uses multi-case research method to collect data from individual interviews and official documents. To analyze the data, we choose grounded theory as an analysis method to induce an explanative framework from our data. This research analyzes data from two aspects: affecting factors and stages of the project, trying to understand the factors affecting cross-organization knowledge sharing method and the progress of knowledge sharing in different stages of the project. We also found that information department will change the processes of knowledge sharing and two variations are found. Finally, this research concludes that the information department plays the very important role as a mediator for knowledge sharing, and firms can adopt it when there is a knowledge gap between firms and their clients.

<p>In order to stay competitive, companies need to take into account many different aspects such as Knowledge Management (KM). Knowledge sharing (KS) is an important aspect in the field of KM. Organizations today increasingly recognize the need to support, in one way or another, knowledge sharing amongst employees. Employees and specifically managers are searching, testing and using various proactive interventions to facilitate knowledge sharing. By effectively enhancing knowledge sharing a company can develop a higher degree of competitive advantage.</p><p>The purpose of our thesis is to make recommendations for how knowledge sharing may be improved amongst the sales representatives in the sales department at a customeroriented company, Arctic Paper. In order to fulfil this purpose and to present a reliable and valid report a qualitative analysis method was used. We wanted to get a deeper understanding of the chosen subject matter in this company and therefore conducted the interviews in a semi-structured manner in order to have the flexibility to follow up the interviewed participants perceptions and thoughts.</p><p>Conducting the interviews on the two levels, strategic and operational, turned out to be rather informative. We found that the view on the chosen subject, knowledge sharing, differed in the two levels. There seemed to exist a notion of problem-free view on the higher level of the company, while the employees on the operational level could more easily target the main problems that they face. The most evident problems regarding the sharing of knowledge in the Sales Department concerns the tacit knowledge, since this is prevalent here and do not have structured means of transfer among the sales representatives and therefore easily can get lost. The informal direct sharing of knowledge causes loss of information and errors in production and delivery. Drawing from this we have gathered some recommendations for the company to consider, which will be presented in the study. Some of the most important recommendations that we could conclude deriving from the probelms concerns the transferring of a certain amount of tacit knowledge into explicit, which means paying more attention to the process of externalization from Nonaka’s model which we present in the our Frame of Reference.</p>

Sustainable Built Environments Senior Capstone / The study is on non-profit organizations use of data to analyze and plan projects. It looks at Geographical Information Systems as a tool that could benefit organizations in their data management, project creation, and community collaboration. Case study research was used to analyze three different tree maps created by non-profit organizations. The case studies looked specifically at the organizations’ use of GIS in the data management, project creation, and community collaboration aspects of the maps. By looking at these aspects, it was concluded that GIS is a beneficial tool for non-profit organizations, even on the most basic level. As the organizations become more financially able to afford better software, the GIS capabilities become more beneficial. Non-profits should try to incorporate GIS at any level into their organization.

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For the design of power-sharing practices in deeply divided places, there are two main macro-political strategies: consociationalism, developed and defended by Arend Lijphart, and centripetalism, associated with the work of Donald L. Horowitz. In this thesis, I consider the academic debate between advocates of the two approaches and consider the extent to which either model represents a successful tool of ethnic conflict management. Two broad questions are asked: can centripetalism promote political stability in deeply divided places? Can consociationalism? I address these questions by engaging a comparative case analysis of six deeply divided places, three of which have adopted centripetal institutions (Fiji, Sri Lanka, and Nigeria’s Second Republic) and three of which have adopted consociational institutions (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burundi, and Northern Ireland). I present three central arguments in the thesis. First, centripetalism should not be recommended as a strategy of conflict management in deeply divided places. Its track record in such places reveals serious weaknesses. Indeed, it has tended to promote instability and exacerbate division rather than promote moderation. Second, consociationalism is better able to promote stability in deeply divided places. Third, consociationalism’s prospects of promoting stability are further enhanced when it is implemented in a revised and expanded form, labelled here as “comprehensive consociation.” This type of power-sharing addresses issues that go beyond concern with just political institutions, such as security sector reform, property restitution, and the return of refugees. These are the type of issues that are most likely to promote political instability if left unresolved. Failure to deal with such issues, I argue, is likely to make it more difficult for elites to agree to share power, or to maintain such arrangements. / Thesis (Ph.D, Political Studies) -- Queen's University, 2009-02-12 12:11:51.013

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Drexel University, 2008. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 141-148).