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Artificial shelters show great promise as novel, non-invasive tools for studying hellbenders, but their use thus far has faced several challenges. During initial trials in multiple river networks, artificial shelters routinely became blocked by sediment and dislodged during high stream discharge events, and were rarely used by hellbenders. We sought to determine whether these complications could be overcome via alternative shelter design, placement, and maintenance. Between 2013 and 2018, we deployed 438 artificial shelters of two different designs across ten stream reaches and three rivers in the upper Tennessee River Basin. We assessed evidence for several hypotheses, postulating broadly that the availability, stability, and use of artificial shelters by hellbenders would depend on how shelters were constructed, deployed, and/or maintained. We found that maintaining shelters at least once every 40 days limited sediment blockage, and building ~ 40 kg shelters with 3-4 cm thick walls and recessed lids improved their stability during high discharge events. Additionally, we found that hellbenders most frequently occupied and nested in artificial shelters when they were deployed in deeper (~50+ cm) portions of reaches with high adult hellbender densities. Our results suggest that artificial shelters can serve as effective tools for studying hellbenders when designed, deployed, and maintained with these advancements, but also highlight some limitations of their use. / Master of Science / Hellbenders are large, fully-aquatic salamanders that live primarily in cool, rocky, swift-flowing streams in portions of Appalachia and the lower Midwest. They are imperiled across most of their native range due to human-caused habitat degradation, but their declines, conservation needs, and population status have historically been difficult to study due to the fact that they spend the majority of their lives beneath large, often inaccessible boulders. While these boulders are sometimes possible to lift, doing so can disturb critical hellbender habitat. Therefore, alternate, less invasive hellbender sampling methods are necessary in order to improve knowledge about their conservation status and needs. Artificial shelters, which are large, hollow, concrete structures that mimic natural boulder crevices and feature removable lids, show promise as a novel, innovative tool for non-invasively studying hellbenders. However, initial trials of these shelters have yielded mixed results, with shelters often becoming swept away and destroyed during floods, becoming blocked by sand and sediment and thus inaccessible to hellbenders, or simply not being used by hellbenders when accessible. We sought to determine whether these complications could be overcome by optimizing the way that shelters were constructed, deployed, and maintained in streams inhabited by hellbenders. Between 2013 and 2018, we deployed 438 artificial shelters of two different designs across ten stream reaches and three rivers in the upper Tennessee River Basin. Using multiple analyses, we tested one broad overall hypothesis: that the efficacy of using artificial shelters to study hellbenders would depend on how they were constructed, how frequently they were maintained, and where they were placed in the stream. We found that maintaining shelters at least once every 40 days limited sediment blockage, and building ~ 40 kg shelters with 3-4 cm thick walls and recessed lids improved their stability during flood events. Additionally, we found that hellbenders most frequently occupied and nested in artificial shelters when they were deployed in deeper (~50+ cm) portions of reaches with high adult hellbender densities. Our results suggest that artificial shelters are effective tools for studying hellbenders when designed optimally, maintained frequently enough, and placed in appropriate locations. However, exceptions to these findings may exist in certain heavily degraded stream reaches.

This thesis is a study of architecture on how to improve the life of homeless animals through strengthening the relationship between us, humans and the animals we live among. There are millions of shelter animals being killed every year which is both dreadful and expensive. This number can be decreased greatly if people acted more responsibly towards the creatures they have domesticated. It is true that most people enjoy taking care of animals, they usually feel a strong emotional connection with them, specially those who share their homes with their pets. The problem is that many find the animal shelters a depressing place filled with sick unwanted animals. How can we, design professionals, encourage people to interact more with animal shelters? How can the design affect both physical and emotional health of these animals? Can architecture raise awareness about the creatures in our urban civilization? This project explores a few design approaches that can teach people about shelters and urban animals and how physically different we are from them. The building is also a study of an animal shelter as a system that can improve their day-to-day life to become healthier and happier. It is proposed that these architectural changes would aid the adoption rate as well as creating a happier pet and owner. / Master of Architecture

Ph.D. university of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities (Art History), 2012 / Pictorial copies play an essential role in the creation of rock art knowledge, forming a bridge between the art and theories of interpretation. My thesis traces a ‘pictoriography’, that is, a historiography of the practice of recording rock paintings in pictures. I begin with the earliest examples dotting the shifting edges of the Cape Colony from the mideighteenth to mid-nineteenth centuries. Thereafter, the focus shifts to the Maloti-Drakensberg, where two case studies bring this disciplinary history into more recent times. The first is the rainmaking group from Sehonghong Shelter (Lesotho). One of the first rock paintings to be published, it became one of the most iconic in southern Africa. I relate its various copies to one another and to wider views of Sehonghong, revealing how it has been decontextualized and reproduced in diagrammatic form. I develop a ‘digital restoration’, whereby copies circulating independently in the world are returned in digital images to their place of origin. I develop this process further in a site-wide study of eBusingatha Shelter (AmaZizi Traditional Authority Area, KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg). Once an impressive painted gallery, eBusingatha has been severely damaged by vandalism, removals and collapse, while documents tracking its demise accumulated elsewhere. I reunite scattered records, enabling copies to be contextualized and lost visual qualities of the originals to be restored. Throughout these pictorial genealogies, I explore the distance between the way the rock paintings are illustrated and the way they actually look. While recording strategies are diverse, one dominant convention has emerged in recent decades. Meticulous tracings converted into monochrome redrawings effect a translation of complex and ambiguous painted occurrences into clean forms ‘peeled’ from the rock and projected like shadows onto paper. The are more like text than picture. Colour for instance is considered an integral part of painting traditions worldwide, yet is expunged from the study of San rock paintings. A reintegration of such pictorial attributes into their study may encourage a return to the material world of the imagery and a contextualization of the semantics of its symbolic constituents.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andreia Agda Silva Honorato.pdf: 1479403 bytes, checksum: c1458d9c7294e45953a4aee221b5ec16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-12 / This present work, The meaning of the moment of the teenagers left the shelter institution when they are in age of majority: and now? , Andreia Agda Silva Honorato authorship, it presents a study from teenagers stories that leave their daily in a shelter at Santo André city, that is called, the School home São Francisco de Assis, composed by eleven home, where these teenagers are certain to leave the institution when they are 18 years old by the reason of the age of majority. Up to June, 2003, this shelter belonged to the Social Worker Department and, due the contradictory and bureaucratic factories, it was assumed by the Education Department (unique case in Brazil). They are young people that experience insecurities moments while results of contrary actions for an emancipator pedagogy. Based on the overall goal of knowing and identifying which the objectives and subjectives factories that contribute to the leaving more autonomous in the non shelter institutional act by the age of majority reason, seeking to break or soften with the aspects that permeate this moment and prevent that this process has been lived in safer way security understood here for beyond the economic factories. This way, the specifics objectives from this search were: To know the meanings attributed by the own subjects of the search teenagers that live the prior of non shelter like, it appropriates of the methodology applied daily in different historical moments of the shelter to comprehend, how much these refer to the lived results by these teenagers in the left moment. Between these specifics objectives and, from the two first, the existence premise is that to socialize the results of this search, could the shelter, rethink its methodology, to invest truly in article 92, subsection VIII that advocated the gradual preparation for the non shelter institutional, even as, that will be this study, considering as motivation to the operators of the public policy. It still firms, the intention to propose methodologies that come to contribute with the teenagers that will leave the shelter, considering the results from the studied bibliographies, but, mainly, the look of those people that live in this condition. This theme explain by the big demand of the teenagers that live, lived and will still live this condition, as well as, by production scarcity about the shelter left by age of majority reason, once that the studies search discuss the shelter process or the shelter daily. For both, it was realized two surveys. The first is about the historical institutional, by interviews with publics employees that act in different moments as manager or technical of the shelter; and, the second were collected testimony of the teenagers that left and are almost leaving the shelter institution by the age of majority reason. This is a study search qualitative no liable to generalization and presents like reflection document from meanings assigned by own subjects / O presente trabalho, O significado do momento da saída de adolescentes de instituição de acolhimento ao completarem a maioridade civil: e agora? , de autoria de Andreia Agda Silva Honorato, apresenta um estudo a partir das histórias de adolescentes que vivem sua cotidianidade num abrigo da cidade de Santo André, Lar Escola São Francisco de Assis, composto por onze casas lares. Os adolescentes, que lá vivem, ao atingirem 18 anos de idade, são determinados a deixar a instituição por motivo de maioridade civil. Até junho de 2003, esse abrigo pertencia à Secretaria de Assistência Social e, decorrentes a fatores contraditórios e burocráticos, foi assumido pela Secretaria de Educação (único caso no Brasil). Os Jovens vivenciam momentos de insegurança como resultado de ações contrárias a uma pedagogia emancipatória. Este trabalho parte do objetivo geral de conhecer e identificar quais os fatores objetivos e subjetivos que contribuem para uma saída mais autônoma no ato do desacolhimento institucional, por motivo de maioridade civil, buscando romper ou amenizar com os aspectos que permeiam esse momento e impedem que esse processo seja vivido de maneira mais segura segurança entendida aqui para além dos fatores econômicos. Dessa maneira, os objetivos específicos desta pesquisa foram: conhecer os significados atribuídos pelos próprios sujeitos da pesquisa adolescentes que vivem as prévias do desligamento bem como apropriar-se das metodologias aplicadas cotidianamente em diferentes momentos históricos do abrigo, a fim de compreender o quanto elas remetem aos resultados vividos por esses adolescentes no momento de sua saída. Entre esses objetivos específicos a premissa existente é a de que, ao socializar os resultados desta pesquisa, possa o abrigo repensar sua metodologia, investir verdadeiramente no artigo 92, inciso VIII, que preconiza a preparação gradativa para o desacolhimento institucional, e que seja este estudo considerado como motivação aos operadores das políticas públicas. Firma-se, ainda, a intenção de propor metodologias que venham a contribuir com adolescentes que sairão do abrigo, considerando os resultados a partir das bibliografias estudadas, mas, principalmente, do olhar daqueles que vivem essa condição. Este tema justifica-se pela grande demanda de adolescentes que vivem, que viveram e que, ainda, viverão essa condição, principalmente, pelos resultados existentes dos que passaram por essa situação, bem como, pela escassez de produção sobre a saída do abrigo por motivo de maioridade civil, uma vez que os estudos pesquisados discutem o processo de acolhimento ou o cotidiano no abrigo. Para tanto, foram realizados dois levantamentos. O primeiro sobre a história institucional, por meio de entrevistas com funcionários públicos que atuaram em diferentes momentos, como encarregados ou técnicos do abrigo; e o segundo, em que foram coletados depoimentos de adolescentes que saíram e que estão prestes a sair da instituição de acolhimento por motivo de sua maioridade civil. Esta é uma pesquisa de estudo qualitativo, não passível de generalizações, e apresenta-se como instrumento de reflexão a partir dos significados atribuídos pelos próprios sujeitos

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En Afrique Australe, plusieurs sites attribués au Middle Stone Age (MSA) ont livré de grandes quantités de blocs « d’ocre », suggérant une longue tradition d’exploitation, bien avant l’occurrence des premières peintures rupestres. Les indices sur la fonction de ce matériau et le but pour lequel il a été utilisé sont rares, ce qui a conduit à plusieurs hypothèses. Certains auteurs leur ont associé des comportements symboliques tandis que d’autres ont montré qu’une utilisation « utilitaire » était possible. La question de la fonction et du rôle qu’occupait l’ocre est par ailleurs centrale dans le contexte du MSA, étant donnée l’émergence de plusieurs innovations, production de perles, de motifs gravés et technologies de taille spécifiques. Le site de Diepkloof Rock Shelter apparait particulièrement propice pour tenter de comprendre les comportements associés à l’exploitation de l’ocre, du fait de sa longue séquence fouillée récemment. Ce travail propose d’aborder les différentes étapes de l’exploitation de l’ocre, de la collecte des matières premières à l’utilisation, à partir de l’étude des blocs. Plusieurs méthodes d’observations et d’analyse physico-chimique (MEB-EDS, DRX, ICP-MS, TL, TEM et PIXE) ont été mises en œuvre pour identifier les matières premières, leur provenance, et les transformations opérées. Des prospections et une comparaison avec un corpus géologique ont permis de déterminer l’origine géologique des objets. Des expérimentations et une étude des traces d’usure ont permis d’identifier les transformations. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que des distances supérieures à 20 km ont été parcourues pour l’acquisition de certaines matières premières, dont on constate qu’elles sont plus riches en fer que celles accessibles localement. Les matières premières ont été presque systématiquement abrasées pour produire de la poudre. Ces résultats sont compatibles avec une fonction comme agent siccatif, couvrant ou colorant. Enfin, la continuité avec laquelle l’ocre est exploitée à Diepkloof malgré les changements survenus dans les techno-complexes, ainsi qu’un usage différent par rapport à d’autres sites, suggère que l’ocre a pu jouer un rôle dans les relations sociales inter et intra-groupes. / During the Middle Stone Age hundreds of ochre pieces were discovered on numerous southern Africansites long before the first occurrences of rock paintings, suggesting an important tradition of ochreexploitation. How this material was used remains however uncertain: while symbolic uses are often assumed,archaeological evidence also suggest utilitarian functions. The function and the value attributed to ochrematerials are of high interest for an overall perspective of the Middle Stone Age context, associated with theemergence of different innovations such as new lithic technology, bead production and geometric engravings.The site of Diepkloof Rock Shelter offers a unique opportunity to discuss these questions over a long recentlyexcavated MSA sequence. In this work the modalities of selection and transformation were investigated bystudying the main witnesses of ochre exploitation, the raw and processed pieces. The nature of the rawmaterials, their geological origin and the processing steps were determined by using macroscopic observationand different analytical methods (SEM‐EDXS, XRD, ICP‐MS, PIXE, TL and TEM). Surveys were carried out andarchaeological pieces were compared with geological materials in order to define where they come from.Experimentations have been performed in order to identify mechanical and chemical transformation. Theresults obtained show that some raw materials come from relative long distance, and that they are richer iniron oxide than more local sources. Wear traces indicate that ochre were ground to produce powder, whichcould function as drying agent, protective coating, or pigment. The continuity of this material’s exploitation allover the sequence, and regional uses of this material suggested by the comparison of Diepkloof with othersites, led us to assume that ochre may have favoured intra and inter‐group socials relationships at this time.

Este trabalho descreve uma análise de discurso de mães sociais, a respeito da alimentação e o ambiente das refeições oferecidas às crianças e adolescentes de abrigos. Foram feitas entrevistas com onze mães sociais e três diretoras de três abrigos na Grande São Paulo, e em seguida analisadas por meio da metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. O estudo resultou em 32 categorias de discurso, que abordaram as preferências alimentares, tipo e ambiente da alimentação, conversas e comportamentos durante as refeições, a importância de reunir a família nas refeições, o ensino de boas maneiras, o que se faz para as crianças comerem melhor e o abastecimento dos gêneros alimentícios. Dos discursos foi verificado que as mães sociais se preocupam com os rituais familiares durante as refeições, ocasiões em que se valoriza muito o comer junto, \"todos juntos ao redor da mesa\". Todavia, dá-se preferência ao comer em silêncio do que com conversas. A tarefa de servir os pratos praticamente é assumida pela mãe social, não dando muitas oportunidades para as crianças aprenderem. O capricho na alimentação e o omportamento das crianças \"lá fora\", são também preocupações das mães, que se esforçam para lhes ensinar boas maneiras para não terem problemas fora do abrigo. Foi feito também o levantamento do estado nutricional das 108 crianças e adolescentes por meio do IMC, resultadno em 7.45% de baixo peso e desnutrição e 21.3% de sobrepeso e obesidade. Uma análise qualitativa do cardápio semanal mostrou médias de frequência boas para carboidratos e proteínas, porém com frequências falhas em hortaliças e frutas em alguns dos lares infantis. / This paper describes a speech analysis of social mothers on food and meal environment offered to children and teenagers in foster shelter homes. Eleven social mothers and three managers were interviewed in three shelter homes in São Paulo City and surroundings. An analysis of the \"collective subject speech\" metodology was carried out. From this research 32 speech categories were identified in respect of food preferences, types of food, meal environment, conversation, behavior and the importance of family gathering by mealtime, the good manners upbringing, what can be done in order to improve children´s nourishment, as well as the food supplies. It could be observed from this speech that the mothers were concerned about the importance of eating together, \"all together around the table\". However, the mothers rather eat in silence than talking to with each other. The children´s plates are always served by the social mothers, what does not give them the opportunity of helping themselves and learn how to do that. Preparing a good meal and the children´s behavior outside the shelter home are part of the social mothers´concern. They try to teach them good manners so they will have no problems outside the shelter home. The nutritional status of the 108 children and teenagers from the shelter homes was also researched through the percentiles of the body mass index. The results showed 7.45% of under weight and under nutrition, as well as 21.3% of overweight and obesity. A qualitative analysis of a weekly menu showed a good frequency means for carbohydrates and proteins, however with lacking frequencies for vegetables and fruits in some of the shelter homes.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1978. / Typewritten.

Actualmente, los sectores empresariales optimizan sus costos sin perder eficiencia productiva en Data Center Móviles tercer izando el servicio y adquiriendo esta tecnología ya que la infraestructura montada es de utilidad para todo ámbito empresarial. El presente proyecto trata sobre el servicio de implementación de un nuevo Data Center Contingente tipo Container, en adelante CPD, como consecuencia de las necesidades de mejora centro de los procesos de negocio. El diseño y dimensionamiento de los diferentes componentes cumplen los estándares requeridos en el mercado. Los Outdoor Enclosure Electric Shelter Prefabricados en sí y todos los equipamientos eléctricos utilizados en sus sistemas para la protección, control y supervisión, están construidos de acuerdo a las Normas vigentes de ANSI, NEMA, ASTM, IEEE, ISA, OSHA, los cuales además cuentan con Aprobaciones y Certificación de Calidad de Laboratorios como UL, CSA, SEC o Laboratorios de Control de Producción y de Certificación de Calidad equivalentes. Actualmente las empresas vienen usando enlaces propios y dedicados para manejar su información y conexión con su data center principal y de contingencia. En muchos casos desaprovechando la comunicación entre ellos por lo que se requiere la necesidad de ser más efectivos en el uso de sus recursos de comunicación, por lo cual se debe considerar los siguientes aspectos: • Modelamiento de Tráfico. • Seguridad. • Conmutación de enlaces. Currently, the business sectors optimize their costs without losing production efficiency in Mobile Data Center outsourcing service and acquiring this technology because the infrastructure is mounted useful for all business field. This project deals with the service of implementing a new quota type Data Center Container, hereinafter CPD, following needs improvement center business processes. The design and dimensioning of the different components meet the required standards in the market. The Outdoor Enclosure Electric Shelter Prefabricated itself and all electrical equipment used in systems for the protection, control and monitoring are built according to current standards of ANSI, NEMA, ASTM, IEEE, ISA, OSHA, which also have with Approvals and Quality Certification Laboratories as UL, CSA, SEC or Control Laboratories Production and Quality Certification equivalents. Currently companies are using own links and dedicated to manage their information and connection with your main data center and contingency. In many cases missing the communication between them so the need to be more effective in their use of communication resources is required, so you should consider the following: • Traffic Modeling. • Security. • Switching links.