My dissertation studies the typological juxtaposition and syncretic incorporation of classical and Christian elements-subjects, motifs, and forms-in the art of the Italian Renaissance and the significant meaning of classical subjects and figures in such contexts. In this study, I analyze the interpretative modes applied to extra-Biblical and secular literature in the Italian Tre- and Quattrocento and the syncretic philosophies of the later Quattro- and early Cinquecento and reevaluate selected works of art from the Italian Renaissance in light of the period claims and beliefs that are evident from such a study. In summary, my dissertation considers the use of classical subjects, motifs, and forms in the art of the Italian Renaissance as a means to gloss or reveal aspects of Christian doctrine. In chapter 1, I respond to the paradigm proposed by Erwin Panofsky (Renaissance and Renascences) and establish a new criteria for understanding the difference between medieval and Renaissance perceptions of classical antiquity. Chapter 2 includes a study of the mythological scenes painted in the Cappella Nova of Orvieto Cathedral, which are here shown to gloss and reveal aspects of the developing Christian doctrine of Purgatory. In chapter 3, I study the Renaissance use of representational ambiguity as a means of signifying the propriety of pursuing an allegorical interpretation of a work and specifically address the typological significance of figures in Botticelli's Primavera. In chapter 4, I examine the philosophical concepts of prisci theologii and theologicae poetae and their significance in relation to the representation of classical figures in medieval and Renaissance works of art. This study provides the necessary background for a reevaluation of syncretic themes in Raphael's Stanza della Segnatura, which is the subject of the final chapter. In chapter 5, I identify classical figures in the frescoes of the Stanza della Segnatura-among them, Orpheus in the Parnassus and Plato and Aristotle in the Disputa-and offer a new interpretation of the iconographic program of the Stanza della Segnatura frescoes as a representation of the means by which participants in the Christian tradition, broadly conceived, approach God through the parallel paths of dialectic and moral philosophy. / Art History

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Répondant au caractère « pelegrino » attribué à Luca Signorelli par son contemporain Giovanni Santi, notreréflexion s’articule autour de la triple itinérance du peintre cortonais. La première, fondée sur une géographieartistique, met en jeu commanditaires et collaborateurs entre centres et périphéries et réévalue son imaged’artiste provincial. Il s’agit consécutivement d’établir l’incidence des dévotions locales sur le langage picturalsignorellien, notamment par le biais de la sacra rappresentazione (I). La seconde itinérance, de typeinterdisciplinaire, s’attache à son traitement de la figure humaine et du nu. L’élaboration de sa vision du corpsest confrontée à l’essor contemporain d’une anatomie scientifique et d’une approche expérimentale ou théorique,ainsi qu’à la question des convenances. La sensibilité tactile particulière de Signorelli, sa position dans le débatnaissant du Paragone et les modalités des transferts entre peinture et sculpture sont examinées, tout commel’éventualité d’un passage à l’acte sculptural (II). L’esprit vagabond de Luca, qui s’affirme enfin par uneitinérance temporelle, oscille entre intérêt pour le passé, goût archaïsant et aspiration au renouveau. Sont ainsiétudiés son rapport à l’art antique et sa place entre « seconda e terza età », en spécifiant ses liens avec l’ars novaet les ferments inédits semés. Au-delà des étiquettes de retardataire local ou de précurseur écrasé par un Michel-Ange, cette étude vise à restituer la curiosité, la sociabilité et les échanges d’un artiste de transition (III). / Giovanni Santi has depicted his contemporary Luca Signorelli as a « pelegrino » painter. From this startingpoint, our study deals with the cortonese master’s triple itinerary. The first one, relative to artistic geography,concerns patrons and collaborators between centers and peripheries and we intend to reappreciate his image of aprovincial artist. We investigate consequently the impact of local devotions and sacra rappresentazione on hispictorial language (I). The second itinerary, a interdisciplinary one, focuses on the treatment of the human figureand on the nude. His vision of the body is compared with the contemporary development of a scientific anatomyand with practical and theoretical approaches. Indeed it raises the question of the proprieties. The tactile qualitiesof signorellian art, his position in the emerging Paragone debate and the modalities of his volumetric translationare also studied ; we consider the possibility of a sculptural activity (II). Finally, Luca’s roaming imaginationarises from a temporal oscillation between interest for the past, archaic taste and an aspiration for renewal. Wethus examine his relationship with antique art and his position between « seconda e terza età », analyzing hisconnections with ars nova and the original seeds he sow. Beyond the reputation of a local latecomer or of aforerunner in the shade of Michelangelo, we aim to emphasize this way the curiosity, the sociability and theexchanges of a transitionary artist (III).

(in English): Represented dissertation dedicated to the issue of male portraits of friends in Italian renaissance painting. Despite of existence of some publications focused on the specific aspects of male portraiture, this area has not been yet given sufficient research interest. In the introductory clause is presented theoretical outline of the male friendship concept of male friendship in the culture of the Italian Renaissance and also some key aspects of the portrait genre. The work is divided into chapters by topic: for example, "Portrait and Antique", "Portrait and Remembrance", "Portrait and Poetry". Some particularly interesting moments were extracted into separate excursions as profile portraits of two men, the subject of a mirror in a portrait genre, the communication possibilities of images. Artworks analyzed in the present research are not classified into a classical model of chronological "development". The pictures are interconnected with theoretical thinking, which is also conditioned by the artwork itself. For each painting, existing researches have been gathered and comprehended. There are also new iconographic interpretations of some of the presented works. For research have been abundantly used literature of period, theoretical writings and poetry. The work tries to respond to...