Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1970. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-164).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1956. / Typescript. Abstracted in Dissertation abstracts, v. 16 (1956) no. 2, p. 256. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-91).

Resumo: A ensilagem da planta inteira de milho e a procura por materiais de melhor qualidade vêm favorecendo o surgimento de inúmeros genótipos com características específicas que aliados ao uso do processamento mecânico são importantes linhas de pesquisa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do esmagamento das plantas de milho após a picagem, para ser ensilada em dois estádios de colheita de híbridos de duas texturas sobre a degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca (MS), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), proteína bruta (PB) e amido por meio da técnica "in situ macro bag". Utilizaramse três vacas holandesas, com peso vivo médio de 520 kg, providas de cânula ruminal permanente. O experimento foi feito no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 x 6, sendo dois híbridos, de texturas dentada e dura colhidos em dois estádios (1, ¼ leitoso e 2, maturação fisiológica), submetidos ou não ao esmagamento e seis tempos de incubação. Foi significativo (P<0,01) o efeito do processamento e tempos de incubação para todas as variáveis analisadas. Houve interação de híbrido e tempos de incubação para a PB e o amido. O estádio de colheita foi significativo para a MS, FDN e PB e o efeito híbrido restringiuse a MS e amido. A degradabilidade efetiva (DE) da MS mostrouse numericamente superior para o híbrido dentado esmagado no estádio 1, sendo que nos tratamentos com esmagamento, os resultados foram de até 36%. Para PB, o esmagamento foi eficiente em até 10% para a DE da PB e até 70% para o híbrido dentado no estádio 1 e 46% no estádio 2 a 2% h 1 , para a FDN. A DE do amido aumentou em até 14 e 12% na taxa de passagem de 2% h 1 para o híbrido duro nos estádios 1 e 2, respectivamente. Para o híbrido dentado, a DE alcançou 13% nas taxas de 5 e 8% h 1 no estádio 1. Podese inferir que são menores as degradabilidades... / Abstract: The whole corn plant silage practice and the seek for materials of better quality results in various genotypes with specific characteristics and when combined with mechanical processing, becomes an important research topic. The objective of this study was the evaluation of two mechanical processing on two different maturity ages of flint and dent corn hybrids on ruminal degradability of: dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP), and starch by the technique of "in situ micro bag". It was used three ruminal cannulated Holstein cows with 520kg of mean live weight. The design of the experiment was a 2 x 2 x 2 x 6 factorial, two hybrids (flint and dent), two maturity ages (point 1 = ¼ milky and point 2 = black layer), submitted or not to mechanical processing and six incubation time. The mechanical processing and was significant (P<0,01) for all the analyzed variables. There was an interaction between hybrids and incubation time for CP and starch. The maturity age had an effect on DM, NDF and CP, while hybrid effect was just for DM and starch. The greatest effective degradability (ED) was for the dent hybrid processed harvest at point 1, it wasn't significant statistically different from the others processed treatment, but was 36% greater than the not processed treatments. Regarding CP and NDF the best results were for the mechanical processed treatments, 10% more efficient for effective CP degradability, with 70% more for the dent hybrid processed in point 1 and 46% in point 2 with a passage rate of 2% h 1 , for NDF. The effective degradability of starch as increased up to 14% in the passage rate of 2% for the flint hybrid in point 1 and 12% for point 2. For the dent hybrid, the best increases were in the rates of 5 and 8% h 1 , reaching 13% in point 1. Is possible to infer that the lower degradability found in this study were for... / Orientador: Ciniro Costa / Coorientador: Kátia de Oliveira / Coorientador: Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles / Banca: Carla Maris Machado Bittar / Banca: Heralado César Gonçalves / Mestre

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / The present work aimed to evaluate the consumption, the digestibility of nutrients, the daily average weight gain, the nutriment conversion, as well as the weight and yield of carcass of goats being held in confinement during the final stage, receiving diets containing silage of manioc associated to different energy sources. 15 goats without defined racial standard, not castrated, with initial average life weight of 21,0 kg, were allocated in delineation in casual blocks, with three treatments and five repetitions. To determine the consumption and the coefficient of apparent digestibility of nutrients in the diets, a digestibility test was undertaken that consisted of 14 days of adaptation and five total excrement collections, being the diets composed by 54% bulky silage of manioc (Manihot pseudoglaziovii Pax. Et. K. Hoffman) and 46% concentrated energetic food: corn meal (Zea mays), scraped cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), enriched with 1.8% urea, and cactus forage meal (Opuntia ficus indica), enriched with 1.1% urea. A confinement period of 63 days was used to determine the daily average weight gain, nutriment conversion, and weight and yield of carcass. During this phase of the experiment, the combination of silage and scraped cassava was excluded, in function of the intoxication possibility for acid cianidrico, potentates by the combination; detected in the digestibilidade period and the statistic delineation consisted of two treatments and eight repetitions. Higher consumption of DM, OM,4 TC, EE and TDN was observed regarding the diets composed by silage and corn meal, as well as silage and cactus forage meal, presenting the latter also higher (P<0.05) consumption of NDF, ADF and CP. The type of energy source of the diet influenced the apparent digestibility coefficient of DM, OM, EE and TC, with higher values for the combination of silage and corn meal, in comparison to scraped cassava and cactus forage meal, which did not differ between each other (P>0.05). The apparent digestibility coefficient of CP, NDF and ADF was influenced by the energy source associated to the silage. As to the daily average weight gain, differences (P<0.05) were verified between the diets, with higher gains for the combination of silage and corn meal. The nutriment conversion of dry material, loss from cooling, and real performance was not influenced (P>0.05) by the energy source. There were differences (P<0.05) for weight at, yield of carcass (hot and cold), for loss from cooling and real performance among the diets. The Life weight at slaughter, weight and yield of carcass (hot and cold), were higher (P<0.05) for the diet composed by silage and corn meal. The relationship silage manioc (54%): concentrated scraped cassava 46%), it can cause intoxication problems, potency of production of acid cianidrico. Energetic sources corn meal and cactus forage meal, to be capable to nutritious in enough amount to guarantee medium of up to 80g/dia, when combined with silage manioc, in diets for goats. / O consumo e a digestibilidade de nutrientes, o ganho de peso mÃdio diÃrio, a conversÃo alimentar, o peso e o rendimento de carcaÃa foram avaliados em caprinos terminados num regime de confinamento, recebendo dietas contendo silagem de maniÃoba (Manihot pseudoglaziovii Pax. Et. K. Hoffman) associada a diferentes fontes energÃticas. Foram utilizados 15 caprinos sem padrÃo racial definido, inteiros, com peso vivo mÃdio inicial de 21,0 kg, e distribuÃdos atravÃs de um delineamento em blocos casualizados com trÃs tratamentos e cinco repetiÃÃes. Para determinaÃÃo do consumo e dos coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes das dietas, foi realizado um ensaio de digestibilidade que constou de 14 dias de adaptaÃÃo com cinco de coleta total de fezes. As dietas foram compostas de 54% de volumoso, silagem de maniÃoba (Manihot pseudoglaziovii Pax. Et. K. Hoffman), e 46% de concentrados energÃticos: grÃo de milho moÃdo (Zea mays), raspa de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) enriquecida com 1,8% de urÃia e farelo de palma forrageira (Opuntia ficus indica) cv. Gigante, enriquecido com 1,1% de urÃia. Para a determinÃÃo do ganho de peso mÃdio diÃrio, conversÃo alimentar e rendimento de carcaÃa, foi considerado um perÃodo de confinamento com duraÃÃo de 63 dias. 2 Durante esta fase do experimento, foi descartada a combinaÃÃo de silagem maniÃoba e raspa de mandioca, em funÃÃo da possibilidade de intoxicaÃÃo por Ãcido cianÃdrico, potencializado pela combinaÃÃo, detectado no perÃodo de digestibilidade, passando o delineamento estatÃstico a constar de dois tratamentos e oito repetiÃÃes, totalizando 16 animais. Os maiores consumos de MS, MO, CHOT, EE e NDT foram observados para as dietas compostas de silagem de maniÃoba com grÃo de milho moÃdo, e silagem de maniÃoba com farelo de palma, sendo esta Ãltima combinaÃÃo detentora ainda dos maiores consumos de FDN, FDA e PB (P<0,05). O tipo de fonte energÃtica da dieta influenciou o coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente da MS, MO, EE e CHOT, com maiores valores para a combinaÃÃo entre silagem de maniÃoba e grÃo de milho moÃdo em relaÃÃo à raspa de mandioca e ao farelo de palma, que nÃo diferiram (P>0,05) entre si. Os coeficientes de digestibilidades parentes da PB, FDN e FDA foram influenciados pela fonte energÃtica associada à silagem. Para o ganho mÃdio diÃrio de peso, foi verificada diferenÃa (P<0,05) entre as dietas, com maiores ganhos para combinaÃÃo de silagem maniÃoba e grÃo de milho moÃdo. A conversÃo alimentar da matÃria seca, perda por resfriamento e o rendimento verdadeiro nÃo foram influenciados (P>0,05) pela fonte energÃtica. Houve diferenÃa (P< 0,05) para o peso e rendimento de carcaÃas quente e fria, perdas por resfriamento e rendimento verdadeiro entre as dietas. O peso vivo ao abate e o peso e o rendimento de carcaÃas quente e fria foram superiores (P<0,05) para a dieta composta de silagem de maniÃoba e grÃo de milho moÃdo. A relaÃÃo volumoso silagem de maniÃoba (54%) e concentrado raspa de mandioca (46%), pode causar problemas de intoxicaÃÃo, por potencializar a produÃÃo de Ãcido cianÃdrico. Fontes energÃticas grÃo de milho moÃdo e farelo de palma, demonstraram ser capazes de aportar nutrientes em quantidades suficientes para garantir ganhos mÃdios de atà 80g/dia, quando combinada com silagem de maniÃoba, em dietas para caprinos.

No description available.

No description available.

Silage is fermented forage plants. It is a succulent and nutritious feed, which can be used especially when green forage is not available. The methods by which it is made were first developed from a nineteenth century German process for making sour hay. / Master of Science

The aim of this thesis was to assess the quality of preserved forage in various ways of preserving silage. Sensory evaluation of the fermentation process and laboratory evaluation was used to assess the quality of legume-based silages in various preservation technologies. In addition, forage preservation in silage pressing technology was compared with and without additive (Silafor 2000 Plus). The literature review shows the importance of feed conservation, basic methods of conservation of forage, botanical composition of forage crops, conservation principles and their processes. The following are the advantages and disadvantages of preservation processes. In total, 3 ways of preservation of legume-free mixture - baling of foil, silage trough and silage bag - were evaluated. The evaluation of the results of the technology was based on the best results of the method of preservation in the bag, the preservation in the pit, the package using adiditive and the lower quality preservation of the package without additive. The forage quality was also significantly influenced by the proportion of oats in the mixture and the phenophase of the harvest.

162 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i- vii and numbered pages 1-152. Includes bibliography and abbreviations. / Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner. / Thesis (PhD(Agric))--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Maize, forage sorghum, lucerne, oats, barley and triticale are the most common silage crops in South Africa, while tropical grasses like Eragrostis curvula and Digitaria eriantha are ensiled to a lesser extent. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of adding a lactic acid bacterial inoculant to E. curvula, D. eriantha, lucerne, forage sorghum, maize and oat silage. The effect of the addition of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant when ensiling E. curvula on the fermentation dynamics during ensiling and the aerobic stability of the silage was determined. The addition of the lactic acid bacterial inoculant to E. curvula at ensiling resulted in a more rapid lowering in pH and improved preservation. Inoculated silage had a higher lactic acid content, less protein breakdown and a lower butyric acid content compared to that of the control silage. Both silages were stable when exposed to air for five days. Digitaria eriantha was ensiled, with or without the addition of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant containing Lactobacillus plantarum. Streptococcus faecium and Pediococcus acidilactici together with the enzymes, cellulase, hemicellulase and amylase. The addition of the inoculant resulted in a more rapid drop in pH, a higher level of lactic acid, an increase in the number of lactic acid bacteria, less protein breakdown and lower numbers of enterobacteria, clostridial spores, yeast and mould compared to the control silage. Digitaria eriantha hay, control and inoculated silage diets were fed to 24 Merino rams (n = 8 per treatment) to determine intake and digestibility. The intake of diets consisting of 90.9% D. eriantha hay, control silage or inoculated silage, differed significantly (p<0.05) at 1395, 1540 and 1848 g DM/day, respectively. The in vivo organic matter digestibility (glkg) of D. eriantha hay, untreated silage and inoculated silage diets was 561, 546, 574, respectively. The addition of the bacterial inoculant when ensiling D.eriantha resulted in better preservation, improved aerobic stability, as well as a higher in vivo organic matter digestibility and intake of D. eriantha silage. The addition of an inoculant or molasses to lucerne (Medicago sativa), ensiled in laboratory silos was investigated. The addition of the additives resulted in an increased preservation rate as indicated by a more rapid lowering of pH, a faster rate of lactic acid production and less protein breakdown compared to control silage. The inoculant was more effective than the molasses in improving the rate of preservation. The aerobic stability of lucerne silage was not affected by inoculation or the addition of molasses. The addition of an inoculant to wilted big bale lucerne silage was studied. The inoculant improved silage quality as indicated by a lower pH, higher lactic acid content, lower ammonia nitrogen content and lower level of butyric acid in inoculated silage compared to the control lucerne silage. The composition of big round bale lucerne silage differed markedly from that of lucerne ensiled in laboratory silos as the former had a higher pH, ammonia nitrogen, butyric acid and acetic acid content and a lower lactic content. Whole crop forage sorghum cultivar FS2 was harvested at the late bloom (20.7% DM) and soft dough (28.9% DM) stages of maturity and ensiled in laboratory silos with the addition of commercial silage inoculants. At both stages of maturity the inoculants caused a more rapid rate of pH decline and a higher amount of lactic acid production. All the silages were well preserved. Silages of the sorghum ensiled at the late bloom stage with all treatments were stable after 5 days of aerobic exposure, whereas sorghum ensiled at the soft dough stage with the addition of the inoculants deteriorated upon aerobic exposure. It is concluded that addition of lactic acid bacterial inoculants to mature sorghum at ensiling might impair the aerobic stability of the silage. The yield, nutritional value and production potential of silage made from twenty one maize hybrids was compared. It was concluded that maize hybrids did differ in metabolizable energy content, rate of digestion, predicted intake and predicted milk production potential. The content of NDF and ADF did not differ between the maize hybrids used in this study and could therefore not be used to predict nutritional value or production potential. Maize was harvested at the hard dough stage and ensiled with or without the addition of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant in laboratory silos and in 210 litre drums. The adding of the inoculant to maize at ensiling did not result in a more rapid drop in pH and higher levels of lactic acid. The intake and growth of South African Mutton Merino lambs fed inoculated and untreated maize silage diets was determined. The average daily gain of lambs fed a diet consisting of either 60% control or inoculated maize silage over a growth period of 60 days was 239 ± 26 and 255 ± 44 g/day, respectively. Although the laboratory study showed very little effect of adding a lactic acid bacterial inoculant to maize at ensiling, lambs tended to consume more of the inoculated silage. In the second study the effect of the addition of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant with an enzyme to maize at ensiling on the fermentation dynamics during ensiling, aerobic stability of the silage, the intake, milk production and milk composition of Jersey cows fed maize silage diets was determined. The inoculant did not result in a more rapid lowering of the pH or a more rapid lactic acid production compared to untreated maize silage made in laboratory silos. Both the control and inoculated maize silages were well preserved. The addition of the inoculant to maize at ensiling improved the palatability, intake and the aerobic stability of maize silage compared to the untreated control maize silage. Milk production, milk composition, live weight and condition score of Jersey cows was not significantly affected by the addition of the inoculant to maize silage. The effect of the addition of an enzyme containing lactic acid bacterial inoculant to big bale oat (Avena sativa, cv Cederberg) silage on silage composition, silage intake, milk production and milk composition of Jersey cows was determined. The crop was cut at the bloom stage, wilted and ensiled in big round bales. The inoculant, Sil-All, was applied during the baling process on half of the bales. Silages were fed to Jersey cows in an intake and milk production study. Both the control and inoculated oat silages were well preserved. The inoculated oat silage had a lower level of butyric acid than the control oat silage. Cows fed the inoculated oat silage produced more (P=O.05) milk (17.7 kg/day) than cows fed the control oat silage (16.7 kg/day). The addition of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant to big bale oat silage improved silage composition and animal performance. This study clearly showed that the composition of silages made in bunker silos under commercial farm conditions differ largely from that of silages made in small scale laboratory silos. When the effect of silage additives on aerobic stability of silage is determined the evaluation should include studies on large scale bunker silages. Evaluation of silage additives should include intake and animal production studies. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Mielies, voersorghum, lusem, hawer, gars en korog word algemeen as kuilvoer gewasse benut terwyl tropiese grasse soos Eragrostis curvula en Digitaria eriantha tot 'n mindere mate ingekuil word. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die invloed van 'n melksuurbakterieseinokulant op E. curvula-, D. eriantha-, lusem-, voersorghum-, mielie- en hawerkuilvoer te bepaal. Die invloed van 'n melksuurbakteriese-inokulant op die fermentasiedinamika en die aerobiese stabiliteit van E. curvula-kuilvoer is bepaal. Die toediening van die melksuurbakterieseinokulant tot E. curvula tydens inkuiling het 'n vinniger tempo van pH daling en beter preservering tot gevolg gehad in vergelyking met kontrole kuilvoer. Inokulant behandelde kuilvoer het 'n hoer melksuurinhoud, minder protei'en afbraak en 'n laer bottersuurinhoud as kontrole kuilvoer gehad. Beide kuilvoere was stabiel tydens blootstelling aan lug vir vyf dae. Digitaria eriantha is ingekuil met ofsonder die toediening van 'n melksuurbakteriese-inokulant wat Lactobacillus plantarum. Streptococcus faecium en Pediococcus acidilactici sowel as die ensieme, sellulase, hemisellulase and amilase bevat het. Die inokulant het 'n vinniger tempo van pH-daling, hoer vlakke van melksuur en melksuurbakterie, minder protei'en afbraak en laer getalle van enterobakterie, klostridiale spore, giste and swamme in vergelyking met die kontrole tot gevolg gehad. Digitaria eriantha hooi, kontrole kuilvoer en gei'nokuleerde kuilvoer diete is aan 24 Merino ramme (n = 8 per behandeling) gevoer vir bepaling van inname en verteerbaarheid. Die inname van diete wat uit 90.9% D. eriantha hooi, kontrole kuilvoer of gei'nokuleerde kuilvoer bestaan het, het betekenisvol (p<0.05) verskil en was 1395, 1540 en 1848 gDM/dag, respektiewelik. Die in vivo organiesemateriaal verteerbaarheid (gIkg) vanD. eriantha hooi, kontrole kuilvoer en geYnokuleerde kuilvoer was 561, 546, 574, respektiewelik. Die toediening van die bakteriese-inokulant tydens inkuiling vanD. eriantha het beter preservering, verbeterde aerobiese stabiliteit asook 'n hoer in vivo organiesemateriaal verteerbaarheid van D. eriantha kuilvoer tot gevolg gehad. Die effek van toediening van 'n melksuurbakteriese-inokulant en van molasse tot lusem (Medicago sativa) ingekuil in laboratoriumsilos is ondersoek. Die inokulant toediening en molasse toediening het die tempo van preservering versnel, die pH het vinniger gedaal, melksuur is teen 'n hoer tempo geproduseer en minder proteYen afbraak het plaasgevind in vergelyking met die kontrole kuilvoer. Die tempo van preservering is meer effektief deur toediening van die inokulant verhoog as deur die toediening van molasse. Die aerobiese stabiliteit van lusernkuilvoer is nie beYnvloed deur die toediening van inokulant ofmolasse nie. Die effek van die toediening van 'n melksuurbakteriese-inokulant tot groot rondebaal lusernkuilvoer is ondersoek. Die inokulant het die kwaliteit van die kuilvoer verbeter en het 'n laer pH, hoer melksuur, laer ammoniak stikstofen laer bottersuurinhoud in rondebaallusernkuilvoer tot gevolg gehad in vergelyking met kontrole kuilvoer. Groot rondebaallusernkuilvoer het grootliks verskil van lusernkuilvoer wat in laboratoriumsilos ingekuil is. Die rondebaal kuilvoer het 'n hoer pH, hoer ammoniak-stikstof-, bottersuur- en asynsuurinhoud en 'n laer melksuurinhoud gehad as laboratorium lusernkuilvoer. Voersorghum kultivar FS2 is op die laat blom (20.7% DM) en op die sagte deeg (28.9% DM) stadium met die byvoeging van melksuurbakteriese-inokulante ingekuil in laboratoriumsilos. Toediening van beide inokulante tot sorghum hetop beide die inkuilstadiums gelei tot 'n vinniger tempo van pHdaling en meer melksuurproduksie. Aile kuilvoere insluitend die kontrole kuilvoer was goed gepreserveer. Kontrole sowel geYnokuleerde sorghumkuilvoer ingekuil op die laat blomstadium was stabiel tydens aerobiese blootstelling vir 5 dae. Sorghumkuilvoer ingekuil op die sagtedeegstadium met die byvoeging van inokulante was onstabiel tydens aerobiese blootstelling. Die toediening van melksuurbakteriese-inokulante tot sorghum wat op die sagtedeegstadium ingekuil word kan aerobiese stabiliteit van die kuilvoer grootliks benadeel. Die opbrengs, voedingswaarde en produksiepotensiaal van kuilvoer gemaak van 21 mielie hibriede is vergelyk. Verskille in metaboliseerbare energie inhoud, tempo van vertering, voorspelde inname en voorspelde melkproduksie het tussen mielie hibriede voorgekom. Die neutraalbestandevesel- en suurbestandeveselinhoud het nie verskil tussen hibriede nie en derhalwe kon dit nie gebruik word om voedingswaarde ofproduksiepotensiaal te beraam rue. Mielies is op die hardedeegstadium met of sonder die toediening van 'n melksuurbakterieseinokulant in laboratoriumsilos en 210 liter dromme ingekui!. Die toediening van die inokulant het geen invloed op tempo van pH-daling ofproduksie van melksuur gehad nie. Die inname en groei van SA Vleismerino lammers wat 'n dieet bestaande uit 60% kontrole of inokulant behandelde mieliekuilvoer ontvang het, is bepaa!. Die gemiddelde daaglikse toename van lammers was 239 ± 26 and 255 ± 44 g/dag vir die kontrole en inokulant mieliekuilvoer dieet respektiewelik. Alhoewel die laboratoriumstudie weinig verskille tussen die kontrole en die geYnokuleerde mieliekuilvoer getoon het, het lammers geneig om meer van die geYnokuleerde mieliekuilvoer in te neem. In die tweede studie met mieliekuilvoer is die effek van toediening van 'n melksuurbakteriese-inokulant met ensieme, op die ferrnentasiedinamika tydens inkuiling, die aerobiese stabiliteit van mieliekuilvoer asook die inname, melkproduksie en melksamestelling van Jersey koeie bepaa!. Die inokulant het nie die tempo van pH daling en produksie van melksuurverhoog nie en beide kontrole en geYnokuleerde mieliekuilvoerwas goed gepreserveer. Die toediening van die inokulant tot mieliekuilvoer het die smaaklikheid, inname en die aerobiese stabiliteit van mieliekuilvoer verhoog in vergeiyking met kontrole mieliekuilvoer. Melkproduksie, melksamestelling, liggaamsmassa en kondisiepunt van Jersey koeie is nie betekenisvol beYnvloed deur die toediening van die inokulant tot mieliekuilvoer nie. Die effek van die toediening van 'n ensiem bevattende melksuurbakteriese-inokulant tot groot rondebaal hawer (Avena sativa, cv Cederberg) kuilvoer op die samestelling van kuilvoer, kuilvoerinname, melkproduksie en melksamestelling van Jersey koeie is bepaa!. Die gewas is gesny op die blomstadium, verwelk en as rondebaalkuilvoer gepreserveer. Die inokulant, Sil-All, is tydens die baalproses toegedien op die helfte van die bale. Kuilvoere is aan Jersey koeie gevoer in 'n inname en melkproduksiestudie. Beide die kontrole en geYnokuleerde hawerkuilvoer was goed gepreserveer. Die bottersuurinhoud van geYnokuleerde hawerkuilvoer was laer as die van die kontrole hawerkuilvoer. Koeie wat geYnokuleerde hawerkuilvoer gevoer is het meer (P=0.05) melk (17.7 kg/dag) geproduseer as koeie wat kontrole hawerkuilvoer ontvang het (16.7 kg/dag). Die toediening van 'n melksuurbakteriese-inokulant het kuilvoer kwaliteit en diereproduksie verbeter. Hierdie studie wys duidelike verskille uit tussen kuilvoer wat in bunkersilos onder kommersiele toestande ingekuil is, en kuilvoer wat in laboratoriumsilos gemaak is. Wanneer die effek van kuilvoerbymiddels op die aerobiese stabiliteit van kuilvoer bepaal word behoort finale evaluasie gedoen te word op kuilvoer gemaak in bunkersilos soos onder plaastoestande plaasvind. Evaluasie van kuilvoerbymiddels behoort inname en diereproduksiestudies in te sluit.

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries