MSc (Nursing), Faculty of health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand / This quasi-experimental study assesses the value of simulation based learning for a medical flight crew within an air ambulance service based in Johannesburg, South Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of simulation based learning for air medical crew in performing synchronized cardioversion efficiently, effectively and safely within the air medical environment. The objectives were to determine if there is a difference between the experimental group that had been exposed to a simulation-based learning experience versus a control group that had not, in respect of performing synchronized cardioversion and scene management pertaining to this skill. This was a qausi-experimental study in which stratified random sampling was done to divide the participants into the control and experimental groups using medical qualification as homogenous subsets. The outcome of the study showed that the control group was quicker to first shock than the participants in the experimental group. However, the participants in the experimental group performed the skill more effectively, with regard to doing / following the correct steps in performing the skill of synchronized cardioversion and were safer practitioners. None of the variants within the sample groups had a significant effect on performance of the skill. The conclusion is that within this specific air ambulance service, simulation- based learning improved the performance of synchronized cardioversion in comparison to the normal orientation / training provided in the service.

Os dilemas na formação em Administração, sinalizados pela literatura nacional e internacional, exigem da academia a busca por iniciativas capazes de proporcionar aos estudantes um ambiente de aprendizagem que integre teoria e prática. Este estudo analisou a replicação da metodologia do Laboratório de Gestão (Sauaia, 2008) no curso de Administração do Pólo de Volta Redonda da Universidade Federal Fluminense, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O eixo teórico-conceitual apoiou-se no ensino em Administração, nos jogos de empresas como método de aprendizagem e pesquisa e na educação em laboratórios, com destaque para o Laboratório de Gestão. A pesquisa ,exploratória e descritiva, combinou abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, adotando os métodos de estudo de caso e pesquisa-ação. Ao longo de seis semestres, desde o projeto até a implantação do programa, foram coletados e analisados dados primários e secundários. Os resultados indicaram como benefício da metodologia do Laboratório de Gestão o uso mais eficiente dos recursos institucionais, observados nos três grupos envolvidos: acolhimento dos dirigentes; engajamento do corpo docente; respostas positivas dos discentes. Como contribuição, o estudo propiciou a implantação de um processo inovador que permite a geração de melhorias continuadas que integram de educação e pesquisa. / Dilemmas in Management Education indicated by literature demand that academy seeks initiatives in order to offer students meaningful learning that integrate theory and practice. This study aims to analyze the replication of the Management Lab methodology (SAUAIA, 2008) in the Business Administration undergraduate course at Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda campus in the state of, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The theoretical frame of the study is based on: Management Education, Business Games as an educational and research method, and lab education, highlighting the proposal of the Management Lab. The exploratory and descriptive research used quantitative and qualitative methods, case study, and research action. The study was carried out during six semesters, comprising the project, the implementation of the program and the primary and secondary data collection and analysis. The results indicated as benefits from the methodology of Management Lab a higher efficiency use of institutional resources observed on the three stakeholders: management acceptance, faculty commitment, and the positive responses of students. As a contribution, the study provided the implementation of an innovative process that allowed the creation of continuous improvement integrating learning and research.

Os dilemas na formação em Administração, sinalizados pela literatura nacional e internacional, exigem da academia a busca por iniciativas capazes de proporcionar aos estudantes um ambiente de aprendizagem que integre teoria e prática. Este estudo analisou a replicação da metodologia do Laboratório de Gestão (Sauaia, 2008) no curso de Administração do Pólo de Volta Redonda da Universidade Federal Fluminense, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O eixo teórico-conceitual apoiou-se no ensino em Administração, nos jogos de empresas como método de aprendizagem e pesquisa e na educação em laboratórios, com destaque para o Laboratório de Gestão. A pesquisa ,exploratória e descritiva, combinou abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, adotando os métodos de estudo de caso e pesquisa-ação. Ao longo de seis semestres, desde o projeto até a implantação do programa, foram coletados e analisados dados primários e secundários. Os resultados indicaram como benefício da metodologia do Laboratório de Gestão o uso mais eficiente dos recursos institucionais, observados nos três grupos envolvidos: acolhimento dos dirigentes; engajamento do corpo docente; respostas positivas dos discentes. Como contribuição, o estudo propiciou a implantação de um processo inovador que permite a geração de melhorias continuadas que integram de educação e pesquisa. / Dilemmas in Management Education indicated by literature demand that academy seeks initiatives in order to offer students meaningful learning that integrate theory and practice. This study aims to analyze the replication of the Management Lab methodology (SAUAIA, 2008) in the Business Administration undergraduate course at Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda campus in the state of, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The theoretical frame of the study is based on: Management Education, Business Games as an educational and research method, and lab education, highlighting the proposal of the Management Lab. The exploratory and descriptive research used quantitative and qualitative methods, case study, and research action. The study was carried out during six semesters, comprising the project, the implementation of the program and the primary and secondary data collection and analysis. The results indicated as benefits from the methodology of Management Lab a higher efficiency use of institutional resources observed on the three stakeholders: management acceptance, faculty commitment, and the positive responses of students. As a contribution, the study provided the implementation of an innovative process that allowed the creation of continuous improvement integrating learning and research.

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo como tema principal a metodologia de simulação chamada Jogos de Empresas. Este tema ganhou destaque no cenário empresarial e acadêmico nas últimas décadas e tem sido utilizado como ferramenta de treinamento no meio empresarial e de aprendizagem no meio acadêmico, além de ser amplamente discutido em artigos, dissertações e teses. Tendo isto em vista, destaca a relevância dos jogos de empresas como metodologia de aprendizagem no ensino de Administração. Seu enfoque está baseado no conceito de aprendizagem vivencial, no qual o aluno participa ativamente do processo de aprendizagem e também na técnica de simulação com ênfase nos jogos de negócios; apresentando sua evolução, classificação, pesquisas sobre o seu emprego, a estruturação básica e a forma geral de funcionamento, além das suas utilizações, seu desenvolvimento e suas perspectivas, tendo em vista os grandes avanços tecnológicos que permitem hoje, maiores aproximações das simulações com a realidade. Apresenta um novo modelo de jogo de empresas a ser utilizado como instrumento de apoio à formação e treinamento de administradores, enfatizando principalmente o processo decisório, dando nova dinâmica a esta metodologia, visando estabelecer melhores resultados em termos de aprendizagem e motivação aos participantes. O modelo proposto foi aplicado em seis turmas diferentes, de cursos de administração, sendo então apresentados os principais efeitos da aplicação e uso do modelo proposto, mostrando que embora não tenha sido possível mostrar que o aprendizado foi maior, a percepção dos participantes mostrou resultados muito positivos. Finalmente apresenta sugestões para futuras pesquisas. / This work was developed seeking as main theme the simulation methodology. This theme stood out in the managerial and academic scenery in the last decades and it has been used as training tool in the managerial way and of learning in the academy, besides being discussed thoroughly in papers, dissertations and theses. This way, it detaches the relevance of the business games as learning methodology in the teaching of Administration. Your focus is based on the concept of experimental learning, in which the student participates actively of the learning process and also in the simulation technique with emphasis in the business games; presenting your evolution, classification, researches on your employment, the basic structuring and the general form of operation, besides your uses, your development and your perspectives, considering the great technological progresses that allow today, larger approaches of the simulations with the reality. It presents a new model of business game to be used as support to the administrators in your formation and training, emphasizing mainly the decision process, giving new dynamics to this methodology, seeking to establish better results in learning and motivation to the participants. Finally, it presents the principal effects and results of the application and use of the proposed model, besides the recommendations for future researches.

Diss. Linköping : Univ., 2004.

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido tendo como tema principal a metodologia de simulação chamada Jogos de Empresas. Este tema ganhou destaque no cenário empresarial e acadêmico nas últimas décadas e tem sido utilizado como ferramenta de treinamento no meio empresarial e de aprendizagem no meio acadêmico, além de ser amplamente discutido em artigos, dissertações e teses. Tendo isto em vista, destaca a relevância dos jogos de empresas como metodologia de aprendizagem no ensino de Administração. Seu enfoque está baseado no conceito de aprendizagem vivencial, no qual o aluno participa ativamente do processo de aprendizagem e também na técnica de simulação com ênfase nos jogos de negócios; apresentando sua evolução, classificação, pesquisas sobre o seu emprego, a estruturação básica e a forma geral de funcionamento, além das suas utilizações, seu desenvolvimento e suas perspectivas, tendo em vista os grandes avanços tecnológicos que permitem hoje, maiores aproximações das simulações com a realidade. Apresenta um novo modelo de jogo de empresas a ser utilizado como instrumento de apoio à formação e treinamento de administradores, enfatizando principalmente o processo decisório, dando nova dinâmica a esta metodologia, visando estabelecer melhores resultados em termos de aprendizagem e motivação aos participantes. O modelo proposto foi aplicado em seis turmas diferentes, de cursos de administração, sendo então apresentados os principais efeitos da aplicação e uso do modelo proposto, mostrando que embora não tenha sido possível mostrar que o aprendizado foi maior, a percepção dos participantes mostrou resultados muito positivos. Finalmente apresenta sugestões para futuras pesquisas. / This work was developed seeking as main theme the simulation methodology. This theme stood out in the managerial and academic scenery in the last decades and it has been used as training tool in the managerial way and of learning in the academy, besides being discussed thoroughly in papers, dissertations and theses. This way, it detaches the relevance of the business games as learning methodology in the teaching of Administration. Your focus is based on the concept of experimental learning, in which the student participates actively of the learning process and also in the simulation technique with emphasis in the business games; presenting your evolution, classification, researches on your employment, the basic structuring and the general form of operation, besides your uses, your development and your perspectives, considering the great technological progresses that allow today, larger approaches of the simulations with the reality. It presents a new model of business game to be used as support to the administrators in your formation and training, emphasizing mainly the decision process, giving new dynamics to this methodology, seeking to establish better results in learning and motivation to the participants. Finally, it presents the principal effects and results of the application and use of the proposed model, besides the recommendations for future researches.

Nos últimos anos, o ensino de fisiologia tem sido fortemente beneficiado pelo desenvolvimento de modelos matemáticos e simuladores de paciente capazes de reproduzir com segurança partes específicas ou sistemas fisiológicos completos. Estudos mostram que aulas teóricas aliadas a simulações conseguem potencializar o nível de compreensão dos conceitos envolvidos. O principal objetivo deste trabalho consiste no desenvolvimento de um simulador do sistema cardiovascular, capaz de representar de forma didática a dinâmica do ciclo cardíaco. A disponibilidade de simuladores deste tipo é reduzida, e limitada a modelos simplificados ou interfaces pouco amigáveis. De modo a conseguir maior flexibilidade nas situações simuladas e um adequado grau de proximidade com o sistema real, decidiu-se pela utilização de um modelo matemático da fisiologia cardiovascular para o cálculo das variáveis e parâmetros atuantes no plano de fundo do simulador. O desenvolvimento deste modelo constitui o segundo objetivo deste trabalho. Devido ao grau de complexidade desejado, optou-se pela utilização de um modelo existente na literatura, acrescido dos parâmetros que fossem considerados ausentes. O resultado foi um modelo com oito compartimentos vasculares e quatro compartimentos representando as câmaras do coração, todas com atividade pulsátil, controlados pelo mecanismo reflexo baroceptor, controle de curto prazo que atua na regulação da pressão arterial. O simulador (desenvolvido em Visual C# com interface em Macromedia Flash) permite a alteração individual dos parâmetros vasculares e a simulação de hemorragias, bem como a visualização de gráficos de pressão, fluxo e volume em qualquer compartimento, e a construção de alças pressão-volume para os átrios e ventrículos. Além disso, o aplicativo resultante possibilita a inclusão futura de novos recursos e ferramentas, como tutoriais e simulação de patologias. / During the last years, physiology learning has been strongly favored by the development of mathematical models and patient simulators capable of safely reproduce specific parts or complete physiological systems. Studies show that traditional classes together with simulations are able to in-crease the comprehension of concepts involved. The main objective of this work is to develop a simu-lator of the cardiovascular system capable of representing the cardiac cycle dynamics in a didactic fashion. There are just a few available simulators of this kind, and the existing ones are based on simplified models or unfriendly interfaces. In order to achieve high flexibility in simulated scenarios and an adequate level of realism, we decided to use a mathematical model of the cardiovascular physiology to calculate variables and parameters acting in the background of the application. The development of this model constitutes the second objective of the present work. Due to the desired level of complexity, we decided to use an existing model found in the literature, improved with addi-tional parameters we found necessary. The result is a model with eight vascular compartments and all four cardiac chambers, with pulsatile behavior, controlled by the baroreflex mechanism, a short term control that regulates arterial pressure. The simulator (developed in Visual C# with an interface built in Macromedia Flash) allows the user to change individual parameters and simulate blood losses, as well as visualize press, flow and volume graphs from any compartment and also pressure-volume loops from the cardiac chambers. Moreover, the resulting application is open to future inclusion of new resources and tools, such as tutorials and pathology simulation.

Esta dissertação visa a modelagem, simulação e controle de um veículo aéreo não tripulado (VANT) do tipo quadricóptero, utilizando-se as técnicas de controle ótimo e controle robusto no espaço de estados. O quadricóptero deve realizar as funções de decolagem, voo em cruzeiro e pouso de maneira autônoma. A dissertação inclui a síntese e análise comparativa entre um observador de estados de ordem plena de Luenberger e um filtro de Kalman. Além disso, um controlador linear quadrático gaussiano e um controlador robusto serão sintetizados e avaliados, procurando-se avaliar qual tem o melhor desempenho nas diversas tarefas do VANT. / This dissertation includes the modeling, simulation and control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle by using optimum control and robust control techniques on the space state. The quadrotor must perform the takeoff, cruise flight and landing in an autonomous way. This report also presents the synthesis and comparative analysis between a Luenberger full order state observer and a Kalman filter. A linear quadratic gaussian controller and a robust controller will be also synthetized and analyzed, to compare which one exhibits the best performance on the UAV tasks.

Esta dissertação visa a modelagem, simulação e controle de um veículo aéreo não tripulado (VANT) do tipo quadricóptero, utilizando-se as técnicas de controle ótimo e controle robusto no espaço de estados. O quadricóptero deve realizar as funções de decolagem, voo em cruzeiro e pouso de maneira autônoma. A dissertação inclui a síntese e análise comparativa entre um observador de estados de ordem plena de Luenberger e um filtro de Kalman. Além disso, um controlador linear quadrático gaussiano e um controlador robusto serão sintetizados e avaliados, procurando-se avaliar qual tem o melhor desempenho nas diversas tarefas do VANT. / This dissertation includes the modeling, simulation and control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle by using optimum control and robust control techniques on the space state. The quadrotor must perform the takeoff, cruise flight and landing in an autonomous way. This report also presents the synthesis and comparative analysis between a Luenberger full order state observer and a Kalman filter. A linear quadratic gaussian controller and a robust controller will be also synthetized and analyzed, to compare which one exhibits the best performance on the UAV tasks.

This research is aimed at obtaining a better understanding of the impact of the use of collaborative and simulation sessions for learning lean principles and methods. Study participants were enrolled in a Lean Manufacturing System Engineering (IE436/536) course at Oregon State University or at three other business and engineering universities where lean manufacturing or related courses focusing on lean principles and methods were taught, including Oakland University's Pawley Lean Institute, University of Pittsburgh, and Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Lean principles and methods have been documented as an effective improvement methodology and have been applied by many organizations globally since the late 1970s. With the widespread application and potential benefit of lean principles and methods, several professional centers, engineering schools, and some business schools, have taught lean principles and methods in order to educate and train learners in lean knowledge and skills before and/or after entering the workplace. Non-traditional teaching methods e.g., collaborative learning activities and simulation activities aimed at improving training and teaching have been widely used and have been shown to be successful in some studies (e.g., Verma, 2003; Armstrong, 2003; Nikendei, 2007). Little research, however, has focused on how these non-traditional teaching methods might affect learner perceptions e.g., self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes. The relationship between learning and learner perceptions related to the learning of lean principles and methods when using non-traditional teaching methods is also not well understood. The purpose of this research study was three fold: first, to examine the impact of lean collaborative and simulation sessions on lean learning, self-efficacy beliefs, and attitudes; second, to determine whether or not learner background knowledge had an impact on lean learning, self-efficacy beliefs, or attitudes; and, finally, to explore the relationships between lean learning, self-efficacy beliefs, and attitudes. In the first study, data were collected from students who took IE436/536 Lean Manufacturing Systems Engineering at Oregon State University during the Fall term of 2010 or the Fall term of 2011. In the second study, data were collected from students who enrolled in three other engineering or business schools where lean manufacturing systems or related courses that included content involving lean principles and methods were taught using collaborative and simulation sessions. Data from the first study were used to examine the impact of lean collaborative and simulation sessions on learning, self-efficacy beliefs, and attitudes; data from the second study were used to examine on self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes. Results from the first study point out the importance of the use of collaborative sessions on learning for both lean methods studied (Jidoka and pull); whereas, the use of simulation, following collaborative sessions, provided benefits only to those students learning Jidoka methods. The research revealed that the content plays a role in the effect of the use of collaborative and/or simulation sessions. Overall, analysis of individual self-efficacy beliefs revealed no significant self-efficacy differences after participants engaged in simulation sessions. The results did indicate that there were significant differences in intrinsic goal motivation after participating in simulation sessions. The level of background knowledge demonstrated a mixed effect on learning and on attitudes. The findings showed a significant difference in learning pull only for some students. The level of background knowledge did impact learner intrinsic goal motivation, but did not impact other attitudes. In addition, the results indicated that the type of session and background knowledge impacted learning; whereas, only self-efficacy beliefs was shown to impact learner attitudes. In the second study, the overall research findings show that significant differences in learner extrinsic goal motivation resulted from the use of collaborative and simulation sessions. The findings revealed that the sequencing of the teaching methods influenced learner attitudes and self-efficacy beliefs. For example, significant differences in learner task value were found only when participants participated in simulation sessions first, followed by collaborative sessions. Similarly, the results showed that participants from universities, in which learners participated in collaborative sessions first, followed by simulation sessions, had higher levels of self-efficacy beliefs when compared with participants from a university in which learners participated in simulation sessions first and then collaborative sessions. Taken together, these research findings provide evidence that the use of collaborative and simulation session, as supplemental tools for teaching lean principles and methods, is beneficial. Based on these results lean educators should consider the content areas, the sequence of the use of non-traditional teaching methods, and self-efficacy beliefs as important potential factors in teaching and training lean principles and methods. / Graduation date: 2013