The phenomenon of not relying solely up on one's own judgment and of distorting one's perception toward a perceived social norm has been observed to take place with a rather large percentage of subjects participating in a number of research projects. Both Asch and Sherif have done extensive work showing this distortion of perception when an individual is placed in a group setting and finds himself in a contradictory position between his own perception and that of the other group members. The question arises as to whether or not acceptance of suggestion is a personality trait characteristic of the individual. To what extent, if any, will the trait of suggestibility manifest in one situation transfer to a second setting when suggestion is applied? Specifically, in this research project, individuals will be chosen according to their reactions to a placebo pill experiment. Placebo reactors will be those individuals who have manifest the internalization of suggestion in the experiment. Non-reactors will be chosen for their lack of placebo pill reaction which will be considered as rejection of the applied suggestion. Both the placebo reactors and non-reactors will be placed in an unstable experimental situation that has the possibilities of being structured according to the individual's perception or perceived social norm. Since the autokinetic illusion is almost universal, this phenomenon will be employed in the experimental procedure. Suggestion as to the amount of movement present in the autokinetic effect will then be given. The amount of movement will be recorded and tested for significance for the reactor and non-reactor groups.

Anesthesia is a health care specialty fraught with high workload demands, stressful work environments, increased production pressure, work areas with many distractions, an increasing use of advanced technology, and the constant need to prioritize work actions. Effective clinical judgment in this dynamic environment necessitates that the provider demonstrate the ability to project what may occur secondary to actual or potential condition changes. These key elements operationalize situation awareness (SA). High level SA is an important characteristic for the successful development of student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNAs). With Endsley’s “Theory of Situation Awareness” as the foundation, the goal of this study was to adapt and validate the “Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique” (SAGAT), to quantify SRNAs' SA during a specific simulated anesthesia event. With IRB approval, purposeful sampling identified a group of CRNA, nurse educator subjects and an exploratory sequential mixed methods design utilized. Delphi methods during qualitative data collection and validation used a seven-member sample. Content analysis resulted in items for the adapted SAGAT. Quantitative methods utilized data collected from a second 40-member sample yielding item content validity and scale content validity indices (S-CVI/Ave. 0.92). Additionally, exploratory factor analysis provided further reliability with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.937. Findings revealed that a SAGAT specific to the anesthesia domain and the SRNA subgroup was amenable to adaptation and validation, providing positive implications in SRNA education and training. Additionally, results support the further adaptation, validation, and use of this instrument in other anesthetic content areas, as well as other health care domains.

<p>The thesis focuses on the measurement of situational factors affecting brand loyalty in purchases and consumption. A survey is conducted using previously developed scales and 199 respondents. Results show that for the particular product category (ready-to-drink recovery drinks), purchase frequency and the product experience have stronger effects on loyalty than do situational factors such as type of activity and perceived stress. Implications for managers are discussed and suggestions for further research is presented.</p>

<p>This study has been executed at the Public Employment Office, an institution that has been</p><p>subject for much debate during the last couple of years. The government has instructed the</p><p>Labour Market Board to change the Public Employment Office toward a more effective</p><p>organization. This study examines one of the Public Employment Offices that are included in a</p><p>pilot project that aims to improve and develop work methods with the objective to become a</p><p>more service minded organization. From this starting point we have investigated which effect this</p><p>organizational change has had on the employee within this organization and within the pilot</p><p>project. In addition we investigate whether attitudes of the unemployed has an effect on the</p><p>staff´s work situation. In connection to this we seek to produce proposals of how to improve the</p><p>work situation for the staff. The purpose of the study is thus to map out the staff´s experience of</p><p>the work situation within the pilot project. Our intention has been to comprehend the complex</p><p>reality of an agent at the Public Employment Office. To create a basis for our analysis and to be</p><p>able to answer the questions at issue, we apply theories regarding organizational change, learning</p><p>and health. The main results of this study indicate that learning has increased at the workplace.</p><p>The results also indicate that the new, more service minded work methods increase the demands</p><p>on the agents to be able to handle social relations with unemployed and with colleagues. Finally</p><p>we find that though agents have a high workload they find their work to be stimulating.</p>

The thesis focuses on the measurement of situational factors affecting brand loyalty in purchases and consumption. A survey is conducted using previously developed scales and 199 respondents. Results show that for the particular product category (ready-to-drink recovery drinks), purchase frequency and the product experience have stronger effects on loyalty than do situational factors such as type of activity and perceived stress. Implications for managers are discussed and suggestions for further research is presented.

This study has been executed at the Public Employment Office, an institution that has been subject for much debate during the last couple of years. The government has instructed the Labour Market Board to change the Public Employment Office toward a more effective organization. This study examines one of the Public Employment Offices that are included in a pilot project that aims to improve and develop work methods with the objective to become a more service minded organization. From this starting point we have investigated which effect this organizational change has had on the employee within this organization and within the pilot project. In addition we investigate whether attitudes of the unemployed has an effect on the staff´s work situation. In connection to this we seek to produce proposals of how to improve the work situation for the staff. The purpose of the study is thus to map out the staff´s experience of the work situation within the pilot project. Our intention has been to comprehend the complex reality of an agent at the Public Employment Office. To create a basis for our analysis and to be able to answer the questions at issue, we apply theories regarding organizational change, learning and health. The main results of this study indicate that learning has increased at the workplace. The results also indicate that the new, more service minded work methods increase the demands on the agents to be able to handle social relations with unemployed and with colleagues. Finally we find that though agents have a high workload they find their work to be stimulating.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse how corporations can learn from past issues and corporate crises and to see how they use this knowledge in the management of subsequent issues and corporate crises. Furthermore, the influence of media on the possible intensification of the issue or corporate crisis, but also its impact on the company’s usage of knowledge management, was to be analysed. Method: The study was carried out through a case study method, in the hope of being able to analyze how a company makes use of knowledge management in the communication that occurs during issues and corporate crises. A semi-structured interview was conducted, with the head of public relations of the chosen company as a respondent. The purpose of the interview was to analyze the underlying factors behind a specific way of communicating. Content analysis was made on both press releases, to quantify and see if communication evolved over time, but also in news articles, to see how media's portrayal of different situations had changed with time. Result &amp; conclusions: The study has shown a tendency for companies to use knowledge management in order to make the communication of issues, especially those that are fairly routine and continuous, more effective than beforehand. The more issues a company undergoes, the greater the possibility is of being able to use knowledge management. Another tendency that this study has shown support for is that as much as a company can make use of knowledge management to improve their communications, the media also tends to use knowledge management to facilitate their exposé of issues and corporate crises. This was visualized by the result that media to a greater extent today publishes articles that only contains the information that the company has published in their press releases, as compared to in the beginning of the period being studied, when the media to a greater extent brought in other types of information, which was not depicted in the company’s press releases.

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa strokepatienters upplevelser av måltissituationen samt beskriva de vanligaste ätsvårigheterna som strokepatienter kan ha samt att undersöka hur vårdpersonal kan hjälpa vid ätsvårigheter. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie som baserades på 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna söktes via hörskolan dalarnas sökmotorer/databaser och sökorden som kombinerades var dysphagia, eating situation, nursing, nutrition och stroke. Artiklarna granskades enlig modifierade granskningsmallar. Resultatet visar på att strokedrabbade kunde uppleva sina svårigheter vid måltiden som pinsamma. Patienterna hade en strävan att återgå till det normala. Vanliga ätsvårigheter var att stokepatienterna hade tugg och sväljproblem och att patienterna hade en dålig sittposition under måltiden. Några hade svårt att transportera maten till munnen och hade nedsatt vakenhet under måltiden och smak och luktförändringar var vanliga. Det stöd som vårdpersonal kunde ge strokepatienterna med sväljsvårigheter var att anpassa konsistensen på mat och dryck. Genom att göra läpp och tungövningar och sväljträning kunde sväljförmågan förbättras för patienter med dysfagi. Resultatet visade även att de som vårdats på rehabiliteringsavdelning hade förbättrad sittposition samt lättare att transportera maten till munnen och mindre påverkade sväljsvårigheter.

Views of strategy formulation can be mainly divided into two categories. One is I-O(Industrial Organization), the other one is RBV(Resource Based View)(Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, 1999¡G2003¡FSe-Hwa Wu, 2000¡FJoseph Shyu, 2000¡FCher-Min Fong, 2001¡FMing-Jer Tang, 2003).Both of vews have each suitable situation. If strategy is formulated from single view, it will cause defects (Robbins, 2003). Recent years, scholars provide solutions from integration¡Bcontingency and dynamic. However, thesis combines 3 features is still few. This paper attempts to find combined views to suit different situation in a dynamic framework. The research provides a static framework included¡G(1) If the contingency of inside and outside company are stable, companies ought to choose ¡uposition-based view¡v; (2)If the contingency of outside company are not stable but stable contingency of inside company, companies ought to choose ¡uvision-based view¡v; (3)If the contingency of outside company are not stable but stable contingency of inside company, companies ought to choose ¡uenvironment-based view¡v; (4)If the contingency of inside and outside company are both not stable, companies ought to choose ¡uresource-based view¡v; (5)If the contingency of inside and outside company are changing smoothly with controllable situation, companies ought to choose ¡uconstruction-based view¡v. The research provides a dynamic framework. From the long term view, a company needs to adjust itself to match the changing of situation in order to have sustainable competitive advantage.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-163).