abstract: This dissertation explores the role of smart home service provisions (SHSP) as motivational agents supporting goal attainment and human flourishing. Evoking human flourishing as a lens for interaction encapsulates issues of wellbeing, adaptation and problem solving within the context of social interaction. To investigate this line of research a new, motivation-sensitive approach to design was implemented. This approach combined psychometric analysis from motivational psychology's Personal Project Analysis (PPA) and Place Attachment theory's Sense of Place (SoP) analysis to produce project-centered motivational models for environmental congruence. Regression analysis of surveys collected from 150 (n = 150) young adults about their homes revealed PPA motivational dimensions had significant main affects on all three SoP factors. Model one indicated PPA dimensions Fearful and Value Congruency predicted the SoP factor Place Attachment (p = 0.012). Model two indicated the PPA factor Positive Affect and PPA dimensions Value Congruency, Self Identity and Autonomy predicted Place Identity (p = .0003). Model three indicated PPA dimensions Difficulty and Likelihood of Success predicted the SoP factor Place Dependency. The relationships between motivational PPA dimensions and SoP demonstrated in these models informed creation of a set of motivational design heuristics. These heuristics guided 20 participants (n = 20) through co-design of paper prototypes of SHSPs supporting goal attainment and human flourishing. Normative analysis of these paper prototypes fashioned a design framework consisting of the use cases "make with me", "keep me on task" and "improve myself"; the four design principles "time and timing", "guidance and accountability", "project ambiguity" and "positivity mechanisms"; and the seven interaction models "structuring time", "prompt user", "gather resources", "consume content", "create content", "restrict and/or restore access to content" and "share content". This design framework described and evaluated three technology probes installed in the homes of three participants (n = 3) for field-testing over the course of one week. A priori and post priori samples of psychometric measures were inconclusive in determining if SHSP motivated goal attainment or increased environmental congruency between young adults and their homes. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Design 2013

A principal motivação para o surgimento do conceito de Smart Grid é a otimização do uso das redes de energia através da inserção de novas tecnologias de medição, automação e telecomunicações. A implementação desta complexa infra-estrutura produz ganhos em confiabilidade, eficiência e segurança operacional. Além disso, este sistema tem como principais objetivos promover a geração distribuída e a tarifa diferenciada de energia para usuários residenciais, provendo ferramentas para a participação dos consumidores no gerenciamento global do fornecimento de energia. Considerando também o uso de dispositivos de armazenamento de energia, o usuário pode optar por vender ou armazenar energia sempre que lhe for conveniente, reduzindo a sua conta de energia ou, quando a geração exceder a demanda de energia, lucrando através da venda deste excesso. Esta pesquisa propõe um Sistema Inteligente de Suporte à Decisão baseado em técnicas de aprendizado por reforço como uma solução para o problema de decisão sequencial referente ao gerenciamento de energia de uma Smart Home. Resultados obtidos mostram um ganho significativo na recompensa financeira a longo prazo através do uso de uma política obtida pela aplicação do algoritmo Q-Learning, que é um algoritmo de aprendizado por reforço on-line, e do algoritmo Fitted Q-Iteration, que utiliza uma abordagem diferenciada de aprendizado por reforço ao extrair uma política através de um lote fixo de transições adquiridas do ambiente. Os resultados mostram que a aplicação da técnica de aprendizado por reforço em lote é indicada para problemas reais, quando é necessário obter uma política de forma rápida e eficaz dispondo de uma pequena quantidade de dados para caracterização do problema estudado. / The main motivation for the emergence of the Smart Grid concept is the optimization of power grid use by inserting new measurement, automation and telecommunication technologies into it. The implementation of this complex infrastructure also produces gains in reliability, efficiency and operational safety. Besides, it has as main goals to encourage distributed power generation and to implement a differentiated power rate for residential users, providing tools for them to participate in the power grid supply management. Considering also the use of energy storage devices, the user can sell or store the power generated whenever it is convenient, reducing the electricity bill or, when the power generation exceeds the power demand, make profit by selling the surplus in the energy market. This research proposes an Intelligent Decision Support System as a solution to the sequential decision-making problem of residential energy management based on reinforcement learning techniques. Results show a significant financial gain in the long term by using a policy obtained applying the algorithm Q-Learning, which is an on-line Reinforcement Learning algorithm, and the algorithm Fitted Q-Iteration, which uses a different reinforcement learning approach called Batch Reinforcement Learning. This method extracts a policy from a fixed batch of transitions acquired from the environment. The results show that the application of Batch Reinforcement Learning techniques is suitable for real problems, when it is necessary to obtain a fast and effective policy considering a small set of data available to study and solve the proposed problem.

Driven by the Internet of Things, devices and appliances will be increasingly connected to each other and the people within the home. In order for the communication to be possible a standard for communication is needed. In many cases there are too many standards, and for other cases there may instead be an absence of standard. This thesis provides a contemporary view of future developments of homes and the current standardization progress. Four domains in homes are investigated: the automated home domain, the sustainable home domain, the healthy home domain and the manufacturing home domain. Trends and technologies are identified that drive a change in homes. Services are described that may be provided in homes. The thesis discusses how services from different domains may be integrated, with a further investigation of the networked manufacturing service and its underlying communication infrastructure. Finally standards are identified and analyzed in regard to the communication infrastructure of the networked manufacturing service. The standardization development is progressing for each home domain. However, potential standard gaps are still present for many of the cross domain device communication. No standard has been identified for integration of services and integration of the business ecosystem in the manufacturing home domain. Similarly there is no standard for the software of 3D printing. New standards or further development of existing standards is needed to realize the networked manufacturing service.

This thesis focuses on Internet of Things (IoT) and open-source technologies based on it. Specifically aims at software solutions relevant to smart home and compatible with Raspberry Pi platform and MQTT communication protocol. This thesis also focuses on studying Petri Net Virtual Machine (PNVM) and its potential application in IoT. The objective is to design integration of PNVM into IoT with help of existing software means compatible with MQTT and implement a demo application for smart home.

This work deals with connecting remote devices measure data of various types from physical quantities such as a temperature, a humidity to data displaying CPU or memory usage of the system to the user. The system uses Blockly to controlling logic and dependencies between devices. In the work is used lots of technologies for examples: MQTT, Websockets, GSM, Lightweight Mesh and others. The system is based on microservice which named is Flask. Flask service is an application interface for HTTP services of Python programming language. This can provide measured data by graphs and predefined components for viewing data. For controlling system was used single-board computer Raspberry Pi with a multitouch 7-inch display.

This master thesis describes the design of a battery-powered smart lock using IoT networks and NFC technology for user authentication. The first part of the thesis describes the individual components to be used for the device design and also deals with the design of matching circuits and the antenna for the NFC. The following part of the thesis describes the design of the hardware, particularly the design of the printed circuit board. The third part describes the firmware and the final part of the thesis is dedicated to the security analysis.

This master thesis deals with the integration of new devices from the manufacturers Revogi, Tabu Lumen, Sonoff and HomeMatic into the BeeeOn Gateway software. The theoretical part deals with the architecture of the BeeeOn Gateway software and describes the characteristics, behavior and way of communication with devices from the above mentioned manufacturers. This part of thesis also contains a description of the communication technologies used by these devices. They include Bluetooth Low Energy, the WiFi and the 868 MHz radio. The practical part mentions the way of extension of BeeeOn Gateway software to modules that implement support for smart devices. This section also describes how the correctness of implementation was verified and testing of the entire BeeeOn Gateway software. The testing of gateway is performed by unit and integration tests, which verify the behavior of individual gateway components as well as the whole gateway.

The goal of the thesis was an analysis of IoT communication protocols, their vulnerabilities and the creation of a suitable anomaly detector. It must be possible to run the detector on routers with the OpenWRT system. To create the final solution, it was necessary to analyze the communication protocols BLE and Z-Wave with a focus on their security and vulnerabilities. Furthermore, it was necessary to analyze the possibilities of anomaly detection, design and implement the detection system. The result is a modular detection system based on the NEMEA framework. The detection system is able to detect re-pairing of BLE devices representing a potential pairing attack. The system allows interception of Z-Wave communication using SDR, detection of Z-Wave network scanning and several attacks on network routing. The system extends the existing detector over IoT statistical data with more detailed statistics with a broader view of the network. The original solution had only Z-Wave statistics with a limited view of the network obtained from the Z-Wave controller. The modular solution of the system provides deployment flexibility and easy system scalability. The functionality of the solution was verified by experiments and a set of automated tests. The system was also successfully tested on a router with OpenWRT and in the real world enviroment. The results of the thesis were used within the SIoT project.

In a world of the Internet of Things, smart home has shown a great potency and trend. A smart home is a convenient home setup where appliances and devices can be automatically controlled remotely from any internet-connected place in the world using a mobile or other networked device. Smart home has changed the way the residents interacted with their home and realised more convenience. Although this technology also has positive impact on saving energy and resources, privacy issues in it have shown to one of the biggest obstacles to the adaption of this technology. The purpose of this thesis is to study smart home users’ perceptions of smart homes and their privacy awareness and concerns. The research was conducted through interviews and followed an interpretive research paradigm and a qualitative research approach. In this study, 5 smart home owners were interviewed to investigate their reasons for purchasing IoT devices, their perceptions of smart home privacy risks, and actions to protect their privacy, as well as managing IoT devices and/or its data. The research results show that there are privacy risks existing in smart homes. Consumers’ privacy data is collected secretly, which needs to be controlled, and privacy issues have to be addressed in the near future for the smart home to be fully adopted by the society.

The Internet of Things (IoT) industry has been thriving for the past few years, especially in the household field. The proposal of smart homes has enabled a increasing number of IoT products to enter people’s daily lives. However, the access control in smart homes has gradually grown up to be a prominent problem. Traditional access control mechanisms consider one unique trusted user that controls all access to the devices. However, multiuser and multi-device smart home scenarios pose fundamentally different challenges to the traditional single-user systems. Multiple trusted users are expected to manage the whole smart home system. Furthermore, the access control system of smart homes needs to consider the complexity of user relationships, the convenience of user experience, and the flexibility of access control. So the basic question this project is intended to answer can be concluded as: how to design an access control system based on the user-desired access control mechanism in the context of multiple users and multiple devices? This project first investigates both technical background and user study researches, summarizing current issues. Then, to study user perceptions of current access control systems, this project carries out semi-structured interviews, identifying user needs in access control systems. Finally, a fine-grained prototype satisfying user needs is offered. It consists of three modules, namely the user interaction module, the backend module and the manager module. Permissions are assigned through the user interaction module, translated into access control policies at the backend module and enforced by the manager module. The proposed prototype is then implemented in a simulated smart home environment and evaluated on its feasibility to identified requirements. / Internet of Things (IoT) industrin har blomstrat de senaste åren, särskilt inom hushållsområdet. Förslaget om smarta hem har gjort det möjligt för ett ökande antal IoT produkter att komma in i människors vardag. Tillgångskontrollen i smarta hem har dock gradvis vuxit till att bli ett framstående problem. Traditionella åtkomstkontrollmekanismer överväger en unik betrodd användare som styr all åtkomst till enheterna. Men smarta hemscenarier för flera användare och flera enheter utgör emellertid fundamentalt olika utmaningar för de traditionella enanvändarsystemen. Flera betrodda användare förväntas hantera hela systemet för smarta hem. Dessutom måste system för åtkomstkontroll i smarta hänsyn beakta komplexiteten i användarrelationer, användarupplevelsens bekvämlighet och flexibiliteten i åtkomstkontroll. Så den grundläggande frågan som detta projekt är tänkt att besvara kan slutas som: hur man utformar ett åtkomstkontrollsystem baserat på den användarönskade åtkomstkontrollmekanismen i flera användare och flera enheter? Detta projekt undersöker först både teknisk bakgrund och användarstudier, som sammanfattar aktuella frågor. För att studera användaruppfattningar om nuvarande åtkomstkontrollsystem genomför detta projekt halvstrukturerade intervjuer som identifierar användarens behov i åtkomstkontrollsystem. Slutligen erbjuds en finkornig prototyp som uppfyller användarens behov. Den består av tre moduler, nämligen användarinteraktionsmodulen, backendmodulen och chefsmodulen. Behörigheter tilldelas via användarinteraktionsmodulen, översätts till åtkomstkontrollpolicyer på backend-modulen och tillämpas av chefsmodulen. Den föreslagna prototypen implementeras sedan i en simulerad smart hemmiljö och utvärderas om det är genomförbart för identifierade krav.