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Televize bez vysílání : televizní seriály stažené prostřednictvím internetu a jejich diváci / Noncast television : downloaded TV series and their viewersChudoba, David January 2010 (has links)
Television viewers have no material control over the broadcast program. They cannot choose the time, when they will watch selected program that is under the command of the broadcasters. Television serial is the most asymmetric form. Every episode of the given serial promotes the next one and provides audience in advance. It is very interesting to find out, how people, who download serials, treat them. They can watch the serials, how they want. Presented work, through the qualitative analysis of the interviews with people, who watch downloaded shows, inquires whether the material control over the program sequence is the main and only motive for downloading, and also how these persons use the serials and how they communicate about them. The results and conclusions are compared with an inquiry about the respondents' way of (present or previous) watching TV (and especially serials).
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Domestifikace televizního zpravodajství: Každodenní sociální užití televizního zpravodajství v prostředí současné rodiny / Domestication of Television News: Everyday Social Use of Television News in the Contemporary Family EnvironmentFišerová, Sylvie January 2009 (has links)
The diploma thesis called "Domestication of Television News: Everyday Social Use of Television News in the Contemporary Family Environment" deals with the question of how and why are the evening news used in the family environment. It approaches this topic from the perspective of auditorial approach of cultural studies, takes for granted the existence of autonomous active audience. It informs about the key studies of social use of media, e.g. the typology of social use or role of gender in the attitude to media, and it deals with the question of relation of children and media. Further part of work is devoted to the news, its characteristics and the possible social use of this format by specific members of the family.These concepts are consequently used as tools for the research itself. The research of social use of the evenenig news is carried out with the help of qualitative grounded theory. In the empirical part the author arrives to the following conclusions: the main motivation for watching news is informative use, though at the same time it is used as a coulisse to other activities, most often bathing children and preparing or eating dinner. The most widespreaded type of watching news might be described as "monitoring", when television news viewing is secondary to some other primary activity....
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Vztah užití televize a nových médií v diváckých zvycích teenagerů / Relationship between use of television and new media in spectator habits of teenagers at secondary schoolsPražáková, Hana January 2012 (has links)
The thesis named Relationship between using TV and new media in the habits of secondary school teenagers is trying to identify ways of using common TV broadcasting and TV contents reachable with a help of new media by czech secondary school teenagers. It also examines their relationship towards above mentioned delivery technologies and contents. In the theoretical part the attention is paid not only to the specific category of adolescent viewers and video content users, but to technological and social aspects that can influence ways and motives for using TV contents as well. This thesis also touches current issue of television studies, which has arrised together with new digital technologies arrival . Practical part is with a help of quantitative and qualitative research trying to reach empirically-based data, supporting and developing findings described in the theoretical part. Performed questionaire research results in statistically not yet recorded information about equipment (such as TV and PC with internet access) installed in teenagers' apartments. It is especially easy access to above stated technologies, what has the biggest impact on the way and intensity of using these technologies. Subsequent qualitative interviews, focus on motives and reasons leading to changes of teenaged viewers'...
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Controle social de terra e água no interior paulista: um estudo de caso / Social control of land and water in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: a case studyGonçalves, Juliano Costa 06 October 2009 (has links)
O processo de formação do território gera conflitos entre os atores sociais presentes em cada região. No Brasil, tanto o mercado de terras quanto a cobrança do uso da água são criações estatais que respondem a diferentes demandas sociais e criam marcações temporais que permitem analisar o processo de dominação e apropriação de um território em que classes sociais e atores sociais evidenciam o controle social que visa influenciar, atingir ou controlar relacionamentos e pessoas exercido sobre os recursos terra e água ao longo do tempo. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e analisar como Estado e sociedade exercem, em um processo histórico, o controle sobre os recursos terra e água. Para realizar esse objetivo, realiza-se um estudo de caso dos processos históricos de territorialização envolvendo terra e água no município de Pereira Barreto/SP, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Desde a constituição do mercado de terras, os recursos hídricos são fundamentais para potencializar estratégias de privadas de valorização do solo, tentando auferir ganhos monetários por meio da posse da água. A propriedade da terra se mistura à propriedade da água. A imbricação entre terra e água coloca a gestão dos recursos hídricos sob os cuidados dos proprietários de terra. Com a construção e enchimento dos reservatórios da Usinas Hidroelétricas (UHEs) Jupiá, Ilha Solteira e, principalmente, Três Irmãos, a dinâmica territorial e a gestão dos recursos hídricos no município de Pereira Barreto e na região experimentam profundas alterações na estrutura fundiária, alagando terras produtivas e partes da área urbana municipal. O controle social da terra e da água é, então, exercido pela UHE Três Irmãos no território do município de Pereira Barreto. Os Comitês de Bacia Hidrográfica do Estado de São Paulo surgem como atores sociais com o controle social da água que buscam, pela gestão dos recursos hídricos, controle sobre a terra, revertendo em parte o quadro inicial apontado. Por fim, discutimos a perspectiva de descontrole social da água advindo da interpretação das barragens como um risco socialmente fabricado / The process of forming territory generates conflicts among the social actors who want social control of key resources such as land and water. In Brazil, the land market as well as levying for the use of water are state created mechanisms that respond to different social demands and create arranged timetables that allow to analyze the process of domination and ownership of a territory in which social classes and social actors demonstrate a social control - aiming to influence, reach or control relationships and people that is applied to land and water resources over time. The study herein describes and analyzes how State and society exert, in a historic process, the control over land and water resources. To achieve this goal, a case study is conducted on the historical processes of territorialization that involves land and water in the city of Pereira Barreto, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Since the incorporation of land markets, water resources have been key strategies to maximize the value of private lands, with the intent of profiting financial gains through the ownership of water. The ownership of land merges with the ownership of water. The overlapping of land and water places the management of water resources under the care of land owners. With the construction and filling of the reservoirs of (UHEs) Jupiá, Ilha Solteira and, especially, Três Irmãos hydroelectric plants, the regional dynamics and management of water resources in the city of Pereira Barreto and region have undergone profound agrarian land structure changes, with the flooding of productive lands and parts of the city. The social control of land and water is then put into practice by UHE Três Irmãos in the city of Pereira Barreto. The Water Basin Committees of the State of São Paulo emerge as social actors who have the social control of water resources and who seek, by means of water resource management, to have control of lands, thus reversing in part the aforementioned initial scenario. Lastly, the prospect of social non-controlled water resulting from the interpretation of dams as a socially manufactured risk is discussed
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O uso social do currículo: relações entre o sucesso escolar de alunos de uma escola pública e o ensino de históriaDantes, Thalita Coelho 25 April 2012 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-25 / The present study aims to assess what students regarding a public school in the outskirts of São Paulo established with the teaching of history as to be successful in the grade. The hypothesis for this performance is based on the idea of the possibility of return of cultural capital, as proposed in the studies of Pierre Bourdieu (2010), suggesting that these students who are in a successful situation would appropriate the content of the discipline of history as a way to get some social use. Were used for this purpose questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with all students surveyed, and four interviews with parents of these students. In the theoretical references were also used to support the studies of Bernard Lahire (1997) for composition of "family profiles" in order to understand if there is an investment capable of leading families to success in the discipline of history. Thus, in addition to investigate how students in a position to successfully draw their real learning, the research will investigate the official documents from the prescribed curriculum of the discipline of history, using as reference the studies of Michael Apple (2006) on the curriculum, order to analyze the relationship in terms of adequacy, the goals of discipline, confronting the PCN and the Proposed Structure for the State of Sao Paulo, checking, if they offer the possibility of use. The interviews and questionnaires will also be used to evaluate the relationship between individuals and content of the discipline from the perspective of the use and possible social actions envisaged and their strings to the cultural capital of origin. Thus, analysis of documents showed that despite the consonance of assumptions and goals, both the PCN and the State of Sao Paulo Proposal does not allow for emphasis on academic knowledge and skills that students are the subjects of their learning and establish links with discipline, considering it useful. It was also observed that the performance of students is correlated to cultural capital and family status / O presente trabalho avalia qual relação alunos de uma escola pública da periferia de São Paulo estabelecem com o ensino de História a ponto de serem bem sucedidos na disciplina. A hipótese para tal desempenho se baseia na idéia de possibilidade de rendimento do capital cultural, conforme proposto nos estudos de Pierre Bourdieu (2010), sugerindo que esses alunos em situação de sucesso se apropriariam dos conteúdos da disciplina de História como forma de conseguir algum uso social. Foram utilizados para esse fim questionário e entrevista semi-estruturada com todos os alunos investigados, além de quatro entrevistas realizadas com pais desses alunos. Nas referências teóricas de apoio foram utilizados também, os estudos de Bernard Lahire (1997) para composição dos perfis familiares , no sentido de compreender se existe entre as famílias um investimento capaz de levar ao sucesso na disciplina de História. Dessa forma, além de investigar como os alunos em situação de sucesso extraem sua aprendizagem real, a pesquisa investigará a partir dos documentos oficiais o currículo prescrito da disciplina de História, utilizando como referência os estudos de Michael Apple (2006) sobre o currículo, a fim de analisar a relação em termos de adequação, os objetivos da disciplina, confrontando o PCN e a Proposta Curricular do Estado de São Paulo, averiguando, portanto, se oferecem possibilidade de uso. As entrevistas e questionários, também serão utilizados para avaliar a relação dos indivíduos com o conteúdo da disciplina na perspectiva do uso e das possíveis ações sociais previstas e sua relação com o capital cultural de origem. Dessa forma, a análise dos documentos demonstrou que apesar da consonância de pressupostos e objetivos, tanto o PCN quanto a Proposta Estadual de São Paulo não permitem pela ênfase no saber acadêmico e nas competências que os alunos sejam sujeitos de suas aprendizagens e estabeleçam vínculos com a disciplina, considerando-a útil. Observou-se ainda que o desempenho dos alunos é correlato ao capital cultural e a posição social familiar
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Uso social e escolar dos números racionais : representação fracionária e decimal /Valera, Alcir Rojas. January 2003 (has links)
Orientador: Vinício de Macedo Santos / Banca: Célia Maria Carolino Pires / Banca: José Carlos Miguel / Abstract: The rational numbers are shown as a subject that the students of the Elementary and High School have difficulties to learn. Some of these difficulties are due to the difference established between the daily use of the rational numbers by the student and the way it is taught at the school and, also for the ignorance, on the part of the school, of the multiplicity of their meanings. While the social use is centered in the decimal form, the school use lies more on the fractional form of the rational numbers. It is an undesirable separation that the school practices have accentuated through time. This study tried to characterize the existent dichotomization between it the use and the teaching of the Mathematics, starting from bibliographical research and of documental study that end up being responsible for damages in the students' learning.. This can be verified in the mistakes committed in the official tests (SARESP, SAEB...). It was sought to analyze how that separation has been reinforced in the official documents, by the pedagogic proposals and curricula. It was verified how the different documents and official publications deal with the rational numbers and the articulation among perspectives of the school use and the daily use of the rational numbers. That analysis made possible to understand different types of arguments and justifications for the teaching of the fractions, present in the official curricula, as well as explain the contents and the most appropriate methodologies of the conceptions presented in such documents. All this made possible to know part of the problems that happen with the teaching of fractions and their causes, and so, make suggestions on how these problems can be solved. Although the establishment of relationships between the social use and school use still doesn't happen in an effective way, it is recognized... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Resumo: Os números racionais apresentam-se como conteúdo que os alunos do Ensino Fundamental e Médio têm dificuldades para aprender. Parte dessas dificuldades decorre da diferença instituída entre o uso cotidiano dos números racionais pelo aluno e a maneira como são ensinados na escola e, também pelo desconhecimento, por parte da escola, da multiplicidade dos significados dos racionais. Enquanto o uso social centra-se na forma decimal o uso escolar recai mais sobre a forma fracionária dos números racionais. É uma separação indesejável que as práticas escolares trataram de acentuar ao longo do tempo. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e de estudo documental procurou-se caracterizar, nesse trabalho, a dicotomização existente entre o uso e o ensino da Matemática, que acabam sendo responsáveis por prejuízos na aprendizagem dos alunos. Isto pode ser verificado nos erros que os alunos cometeram nas provas oficiais (SARESP, SAEB...). Procurou-se analisar como essa separação vem sendo reforçada nos documentos oficiais, por meio das propostas pedagógicas e curriculares. Verificaram-se como diferentes documentos e publicações oficiais abordam os números racionais e tratam da articulação entre a perspectivas do uso escolar e a do uso cotidiano dos números racionais. Essa análise possibilitou compreender diferentes tipos de argumentações e justificativas para o ensino das frações, presentes nos currículos oficiais, bem como explicitar os conteúdos e metodologias adequadas às concepções apresentadas em tais documentos. Tudo isso possibilitou conhecer parte dos problemas que ocorrem com o ensino de frações e suas causas e por isso sugerir propostas que sinalizam para a sua superação. Embora o estabelecimento de relações entre o uso social e uso escolar ainda não ocorra de maneira efetiva, reconhece-se que aquelas orientações... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre
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Travailler l'oral à travers l'utilisation d'un téléphone portable et d’Internet / Oral training through the use of celluar phone and InternetKim, Hee-Kyung 16 December 2014 (has links)
Cette recherche s'inscrit dans le domaine de la didactique des langues étrangères et porte sur l'apprentissage du français oral soutenu par la technologie mobile. En nous appuyant sur la recherche-action, nous avons créé un dispositif de formation destiné à des apprenants coréens de FLE leur permettant de s'entraîner à prendre la parole librement. La culture coréenne étant influencée par la philosophie confucéenne, l'enseignement-apprentissage des langues est caractérisé par une relation hiérarchique entre le « maître savant » et « son disciple » et souvent centré sur l'écrit. Notre scénario didactique prévoyait un travail de la langue en dehors d'un cours formel et soutenu par un tuteur à distance. Deux expériences ont été menées en 2008 et 2010 avec deux groupes d'apprenants coréens de FLE résidants en Corée auxquels nous avons demandé de réaliser des tâches langagières par enregistrement vidéo. Les apprenants ont été amenés à réaliser leurs productions orales en réponse à une vidéo enregistrée par un locuteur natif vivant en France. Grâce au recours à la téléphonie mobile intégrant l'accès à Internet et l'utilisation d'un réseau social en ligne coréen (Cyworld), les apprenants pouvaient échanger avec l'interlocuteur en temps différé leur permettant de s'enregistrer à plusieurs reprises et ainsi s'entraîner à la prise de parole tout en étant accompagnés par un tuteur. L'analyse des discours et des stratégies de réalisation des vidéos ainsi que les résultats des entretiens semi-directifs menés en amont et en aval avec les apprenants-participants, nous ont permis de répondre à nos questions de recherche, à savoir de quelle manière le tutorat en ligne, les tâches communicatives réalisées avec un outil mobile et la communication asynchrone sur un réseau social en ligne influent sur la production orale et l'autonomisation des apprenants coréens de FLE. / This research is in the field of foreign language didactics. It is particularly about learning spoken French via mobile technology. We carried out a research action while we elaborated a training device which would allow Korean learners of French to practice oral speech. As Korean culture is influenced by Confucian philosophy, teaching-learning foreign languages is characterized by a hierarchical relationship between the "master" and his "disciple" and is often focused on writing. Our didactic scenario included language learning tasks outside of formal learning and supported by distance tutoring. A couple of experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2010 with two Korean sets of French language learners living in Korea who were asked to perform language tasks using video recording. The learners were asked to perform oral productions in response to videos recorded by a native French speaker living in France. Through a mobile phone connected to the Internet and an Korean online social network (Cyworld), learners could exchange with the French native asynchronically. This allowed them to record themselves several times and practice speaking skills by the way, benefiting from advice given by a tutor. We analyzed discourse, video-implemented strategies and semi-directed interviews conducted upstream and downstream with the learners. This brought us to find out to which extent online tutoring, communicative tasks performed with a mobile device, and asynchronous communication via an online social network may influence oral production and autonomy of Korean learners of French.
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Uso social e escolar dos números racionais: representação fracionária e decimalValera, Alcir Rojas [UNESP] January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
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valera_ar_me_mar.pdf: 594283 bytes, checksum: 7fa747413b18f73739f058ca4ea1146e (MD5) / Os números racionais apresentam-se como conteúdo que os alunos do Ensino Fundamental e Médio têm dificuldades para aprender. Parte dessas dificuldades decorre da diferença instituída entre o uso cotidiano dos números racionais pelo aluno e a maneira como são ensinados na escola e, também pelo desconhecimento, por parte da escola, da multiplicidade dos significados dos racionais. Enquanto o uso social centra-se na forma decimal o uso escolar recai mais sobre a forma fracionária dos números racionais. É uma separação indesejável que as práticas escolares trataram de acentuar ao longo do tempo. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e de estudo documental procurou-se caracterizar, nesse trabalho, a dicotomização existente entre o uso e o ensino da Matemática, que acabam sendo responsáveis por prejuízos na aprendizagem dos alunos. Isto pode ser verificado nos erros que os alunos cometeram nas provas oficiais (SARESP, SAEB...). Procurou-se analisar como essa separação vem sendo reforçada nos documentos oficiais, por meio das propostas pedagógicas e curriculares. Verificaram-se como diferentes documentos e publicações oficiais abordam os números racionais e tratam da articulação entre a perspectivas do uso escolar e a do uso cotidiano dos números racionais. Essa análise possibilitou compreender diferentes tipos de argumentações e justificativas para o ensino das frações, presentes nos currículos oficiais, bem como explicitar os conteúdos e metodologias adequadas às concepções apresentadas em tais documentos. Tudo isso possibilitou conhecer parte dos problemas que ocorrem com o ensino de frações e suas causas e por isso sugerir propostas que sinalizam para a sua superação. Embora o estabelecimento de relações entre o uso social e uso escolar ainda não ocorra de maneira efetiva, reconhece-se que aquelas orientações...
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Controle social de terra e água no interior paulista: um estudo de caso / Social control of land and water in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: a case studyJuliano Costa Gonçalves 06 October 2009 (has links)
O processo de formação do território gera conflitos entre os atores sociais presentes em cada região. No Brasil, tanto o mercado de terras quanto a cobrança do uso da água são criações estatais que respondem a diferentes demandas sociais e criam marcações temporais que permitem analisar o processo de dominação e apropriação de um território em que classes sociais e atores sociais evidenciam o controle social que visa influenciar, atingir ou controlar relacionamentos e pessoas exercido sobre os recursos terra e água ao longo do tempo. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e analisar como Estado e sociedade exercem, em um processo histórico, o controle sobre os recursos terra e água. Para realizar esse objetivo, realiza-se um estudo de caso dos processos históricos de territorialização envolvendo terra e água no município de Pereira Barreto/SP, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Desde a constituição do mercado de terras, os recursos hídricos são fundamentais para potencializar estratégias de privadas de valorização do solo, tentando auferir ganhos monetários por meio da posse da água. A propriedade da terra se mistura à propriedade da água. A imbricação entre terra e água coloca a gestão dos recursos hídricos sob os cuidados dos proprietários de terra. Com a construção e enchimento dos reservatórios da Usinas Hidroelétricas (UHEs) Jupiá, Ilha Solteira e, principalmente, Três Irmãos, a dinâmica territorial e a gestão dos recursos hídricos no município de Pereira Barreto e na região experimentam profundas alterações na estrutura fundiária, alagando terras produtivas e partes da área urbana municipal. O controle social da terra e da água é, então, exercido pela UHE Três Irmãos no território do município de Pereira Barreto. Os Comitês de Bacia Hidrográfica do Estado de São Paulo surgem como atores sociais com o controle social da água que buscam, pela gestão dos recursos hídricos, controle sobre a terra, revertendo em parte o quadro inicial apontado. Por fim, discutimos a perspectiva de descontrole social da água advindo da interpretação das barragens como um risco socialmente fabricado / The process of forming territory generates conflicts among the social actors who want social control of key resources such as land and water. In Brazil, the land market as well as levying for the use of water are state created mechanisms that respond to different social demands and create arranged timetables that allow to analyze the process of domination and ownership of a territory in which social classes and social actors demonstrate a social control - aiming to influence, reach or control relationships and people that is applied to land and water resources over time. The study herein describes and analyzes how State and society exert, in a historic process, the control over land and water resources. To achieve this goal, a case study is conducted on the historical processes of territorialization that involves land and water in the city of Pereira Barreto, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Since the incorporation of land markets, water resources have been key strategies to maximize the value of private lands, with the intent of profiting financial gains through the ownership of water. The ownership of land merges with the ownership of water. The overlapping of land and water places the management of water resources under the care of land owners. With the construction and filling of the reservoirs of (UHEs) Jupiá, Ilha Solteira and, especially, Três Irmãos hydroelectric plants, the regional dynamics and management of water resources in the city of Pereira Barreto and region have undergone profound agrarian land structure changes, with the flooding of productive lands and parts of the city. The social control of land and water is then put into practice by UHE Três Irmãos in the city of Pereira Barreto. The Water Basin Committees of the State of São Paulo emerge as social actors who have the social control of water resources and who seek, by means of water resource management, to have control of lands, thus reversing in part the aforementioned initial scenario. Lastly, the prospect of social non-controlled water resulting from the interpretation of dams as a socially manufactured risk is discussed
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Anthropologie de la recherche médicale en milieu rural sénégalais / Anthropology of medical research in rural SenegalOuvrier, Mary-Ashley 09 May 2011 (has links)
Cette thèse propose de documenter les dynamiques sociales dans un espace géographique en milieu rural sénégalais — l’aire de Toudinga — où des recherches principalement démographiques et médicales sont menées depuis 1964 dans le cadre des activités de l’IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement), anciennement Orstom (Office de la recherche scientifique dans les territoires d’outre-Mer). Cette étude se situe au croisement de l’anthropologie de la santé, de l’ethnologie africaniste et de la sociologie des sciences et des organisations. Cette intersection permet d’aborder de multiples aspects socio-culturels relatifs au fonctionnement et aux enjeux de la recherche médicale en Afrique sub-saharienne. Ce travail traite en premier lieu du fonctionnement social de l’aire de Toudinga et présente une analyse des représentations de la recherche scientifique et des interactions entre les professionnels de la recherche et les habitants de la région. Il met également en évidence l’influence des facteurs historiques, identitaires et institutionnels sur la construction locale de l’éthique. Cette étude aborde également des thèmes plus généraux relatifs à l’anthropologie de la recherche médicale tels que l’influence du contexte social sur le recueil du consentement (rapports sociaux de sexe, de classe d’âge, don / contre-don), l’impact de la recherche médicale sur l’offre de soins locale ou encore l’analyse des facteurs sociaux expliquant la crédibilisation des rumeurs de vol de sang / This thesis documents the social dynamics that occur in a rural context in Senegal — the area of Toudinga— where essentially demographic and medical research have been held since 1964 by the IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement) formerly Orstom (Office de la recherche scientifique dans les territoires d’outre-Mer). At the crossroads of medical anthropology and African ethnology and sociology of science and organizations, the theoretical position adopted in this thesis allows for the examination of numerous social aspects related to medical research in sub-Saharan Africa. This PhD deals with the social organisation of the area of Toudinga. It describes the representations of medical research and the interactions between the research professionnals and the inhabitants of the region and highlights the influence of historic, identity and instititional factors on the local construction of ethics. Futhermore, this work examines wider thematics related the anthropology of medical research such as the influence of the social context on the consentent collection (gender, age group, gift and conter-gift), the impact of medical research on local medical care and the analysis of blood stealing rumors
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