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Urbanization in all over the world has created pressure on the remaining open space, especially green areas,in the cities. Hence, the importance of green areas has become more relevant. It has been acknowledged thatthey are economically valuable as they promote the identity of cities and stimulate for example tourism.They also have a major impact on both physical and mental health and preserve ecological balance.However, knowledge on their social values to users has not been explored that much. Young architectAlexander Ståhle has developed a concept of sociotope that explores green space social values from the userperspective and therefore gives deeper understanding on how people perceive their environment. Sociotopemapping in turn is a way to present sociotopes on an easily understandable form; map. Recent research ongreen areas social values has found indication of different background variables such as age, socio-economicstatus, culture, effect on how people value green spaces. Hence, this case study was an attempt to gain moreknowledge of sociotopes in a Finnish municipality of Lempäälä from the adolescents’ perspective. Theresults showed that adolescents appreciated social values and used green areas arenas for social interaction.

The purpose of this research was to find out what Social Value is, how it is created and in what way it is related to Social Entrepreneurship. The study has been done at a time when the concept of Social Entrepreneurship has come to the forefront at the outset of the 21st Century; in an advent of rapid change and worldwide turmoil; yet an academic understanding of Social Entrepreneurship has been lacking. A Western-style capitalist economy has a highly functioning 'for-profit' and government regulatory system, with civil society which carries an obligation to have regard for those who 'have not.' The goodness-of-fit between all three sectors determines the harmony, order and satisfaction of a given population. We now know that social Value is created when communities are impacted with outcomes from the inspiration and perspiration of Social Entrepreneurs and Support teams who are committed to alleviating human need. Social Entrepreneurs and their teams have a different outlook on life. They live with a lack of financial security, are time-poor, persevering, and resourceful; and they manage risk even as need is being resourced. Based upon a robust literature of Entrepreneurship and Values theories for meaning, data collection allowed for ten social ventures to be casestudied. These lead to further enquiry into seven peak bodies designed to be resourcing agencies. This research is important because a model has been developed which effectively enables social ventures to service their mission, and to stay viable. As a result of this, a way forward has been identified where the impact from social entrepreneuring becomes a core determinant of created Social Value. The contribution of this research has been to lay a foundation in grassroots social entrepreneurship which is supported by a Literature which others following can add to or further define. There is now something comprehensive drawn from the experiences of many in the field uipon which to base further enquiry and future investigation. Suggestions have also been made which need reinforcing at the Public Policy level; others in the Social Policy sector will want to know the way to reengineer a way out of the 'gap' which exists in the Capitalist System.

The development of internet is creating intense competition in social network sites nowadays. How to conduct users¡¦ loyalty to social network sites gradually becomes an important issue to operate long-term social network sites. The study attempts to examine how consumers¡¦ utilitarian value, hedonic value and social value affect their loyalty. Furthermore, this study examines whether the relationship is mediated by gender difference. The model and relationship are tested and validated by using PLS and data collected from 200 people having facebook accounts in Taiwan. The results shows that loyalty is strongly affected by utilitarian value, hedonic value and social value. We also find that the difference of gender has positive influence on hedonic value and loyalty and negative influence on social value and loyalty. The implication for research and practice are also discussed.

abstract: 本文是针对A股上市公司的社会价值所进行的模型开发与量化评估研究。 公司的社会价值，在本文中界定为公司所实现的经济、社会和环境等方面的综合贡献。随着全球和中国越来越重视可持续发展，公司的社会价值也越来越引起资本市场投资者的关注。 研究以具有原创性的“上市公司社会价值评估模型”为工具，以沪深300成分股为对象，以上市公司的经济、社会和环境的综合贡献为内容，筛选出社会价值量化得分居前99位的公司，形成义利99榜单和指数。 基于该模型和义利99榜单，博时基金已经发布了“博时中证可持续发展100指数”ETF产品（515090），标志着“义利99”从一项研究变成了可交易的基金产品。 “上市公司社会价值评估模型” ，将公司的社会价值分为三个方面，即目标、方式和效益。 “目标” （AIM）是建设更高质量、更有效率、更加公平和更可持续的美好未来，这是公司社会价值的驱动力； “方式” （APPROACH）是指创新的生产技术、运营模式和管理机制，这是公司社会价值的创新力； “效益” （ACTION）是指公司的经济、社会和环境的贡献，这是公司社会价值的转化力。该模型也称 “社会价值三A三力三合一模型” ，简称3A模型。 通过义利99指数和博时中证可持续发展100指数长达五年以上的回测分析发现，这些公司有相对更好、更平稳的市场表现，这两个指数存在Fama-French因子不能解释的超额收益率，即具有显著的正α。回归分析还显示，义利两个属性的因子都能贡献超额收益，但股票月收益率与利的指标成显著正向线性相关，与义的指标成正向线性相关但关系较弱。 “义利99” 是将上市公司对经济、社会和环境的贡献纳入模型进行量化评估的探索，有利于资本市场更好地关注上市公司的社会价值，并促进上市公司将社会价值纳入长期战略安排。 随着更多上市公司更好地承担起信息披露的责任，“义利99”未来将不会局限于沪深300，会有更广泛的应用。中国上市公司终将成为推动世界可持续发展的新动力。 / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2020

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Governments and society are looking, increasingly, to specialist organisations such as social enterprises to address complex social problems, leading to a rise in their numbers. These organisations regularly access difficult to reach, disadvantaged and disenfranchised communities and tend to be smaller in size and turnover than for-profit commercial organisations and typically more resource limited. The growth in corporate social responsibility and individual citizenship has helped to redress this limitation with essential altruistic resource donations from these external agencies to supplement traditional sources of support. Social media is the obvious medium for social enterprises to acquire knowledge and resources to support their social agendas. Following a sequential mixed methods design, a model is developed to appraise the impact of the various contributions from social media networks on social value creation. This model is predicated on the extant literature, mostly on for-profit organisations, contextualised and a questionnaire developed to represent social entrepreneurship from interviews with social enterprises in the UK. Data is collected from two hundred and thirty-one UK based social enterprises whose mission is to provide social value for their target populations. The model is validated for factors that lead from knowledge sharing due to social media networking to concomitant increases in social provision by fitting to these data. Findings demonstrate that social media use leads to increases in social value creation through knowledge sharing. The novel construct of enhanced organisational performance is shown as seminal in enabling shared knowledge gained from social media to be converted into increased social value.

Yes / Purpose – The purpose of this article is to argue that a common understanding of the terms social value, social cost benefit, social return on investment etc. would be useful for those seeking to engage with the topic in the fields of health, wellbeing and early family intervention Design/method/approach – The article considers a commissioned study delivered by the authors which reviews the literature pertinent to this field. Findings- The authors suggest that there is considerable confusion with regard to the meaning of terms which are used almost interchangeably in the fields of health, wellbeing and early family intervention. Originality/value – The authors put forward a model to provide consistency of meaning across three levels of interventions.

The present thesis explores how value can be created by fully automated vehicles as a transformational innovation. To do this, the value Framework by den Ouden (2012) is used to examine the user to research value creation from a sociological and psychological perspective. Different groups of consumers are interviewed, current premium vehicle drivers, current members of car sharing and CNDs, as well as experts. The study was carried out in Germany and Sweden, including one expert from the United States. Resulting from the study, autonomous vehicles are expected to create value from different perspectives and for different consumer groups, for example by allowing the driver to spend time on something else while travelling with the car. Furthermore, risks of automated vehicles in a value perspective are examined, such as safety issues and increased vehicle miles travelled. Concluding, this research adds up to den Ouden’s (2012) framework by adding the interconnectedness of different value perspective and applying it on the example of automated vehicles.

Social entrepreneurship, defined as entrepreneurial activities with a clear mission to create social value, is gaining increased influence and importance in the economy. Through combining a for-profit mindset with social objectives, social enterprises provide groundbreaking solutions to societal needs. The global presence and impact of social enterprises raise the importance of internationalization of this specific kind of enterprise. This is an area of inquiry that has gained limited attention in academia and empirical studies have been few. The purpose of the study is to investigate motives for internationalization of social enterprises and how these enterprises establish in foreign markets. The study consists of an empirical investigation based on a survey sample of 65 respondents and one background interview. The result shows that the main motive for internationalization of social enterprises is to alleviate social problems. Social enterprises have a distinct international character, show patterns of early and rapid internationalization and can be characterized as international new ventures with a distinct social mission. Networks affect motives as well as choice of entry mode of social enterprises. The most common mode of entry of social enterprises is to establish alliances or partnerships with foreign actors and the main target market is less developed economies.