An increasingly challenging phenomenon for both developing and advanced economies, the negative consequences of long-lasting youth unemployment both at the individual and the societal level are well established. The volatility of local economies in an era of recurrent global economic crisis may have solidified the disadvantaged status of young people within the larger economies. Understanding youth labor outcomes in developing countries may offer new perspectives for policy makers as well as help to unmask chronic problems in our economic systems and give direction to further studies concerning the youth labor market. / One might expect that declines in the size of the youth cohort observed in the past two decades would have contributed positively to labor outcomes of youth in developing countries. Panel fixed-effects regression analyses covering a span of the last 22 years in 18 economically advanced and 23 developing countries were conducted to test the impact of changes in the size of the youth cohort on youth employment and unemployment controlling for macroeconomic conditions. A second question this study focused on concerns the impact of individual supply factors on youth outcomes in Turkey. The roles of human capital factors such as education and of family factors such as parent and sibling characteristics related to social capital were tested using micro data from the Turkish Household Labor Force Survey and hierarchical modeling. The study also tested the impact of the structural characteristics of regions. / Analysis of time series data across countries illustrated that relative cohort size had no impact on youth labor market outcomes controlling for other factors, in contrast to the findings of earlier studies. Results of the micro-level analysis illustrated the varying impact of education, the significance of the role of both parents and siblings and the distinct nature of family dynamics in rural versus urban contexts and across genders. Both micro and macro analysis indicated that with the structural changes taking place in developing economies today coupled with their context-specific features, youth unemployment is both a problem in its own right and signifies a problem larger than itself.

No description available.

Recently, with the enhancement of education and the change of the economic structure, the number of women participating in the labor market has dramatically increased. Obviously, the female employment correlates closely with the rate of the female fertility and the rate of returning to work. Therefore, this research focuses on the female employment in the four different banks in Kaohsiung to find out the difference between the related policies in Taiwan and in the U.K. and the acceptability of British Family-Friendly Policy in Taiwan. The results are as follows: First, the employees don¡¦t understand well on the promoting the equal employment; Second, the banks still rely mainly on the basic law; Third, the social ideology regards women as the persons who put nursing their child on the first rank. According to this research, we have some following suggestions: 1) Ensure the woman¡¦s employment right. 2) Set up the public nurseries system. 3) Re-deploy human resources. 4) Promote the equality of men and women. From this research, we figure out that interviewees have a lower acceptability of British Family-Friendly Policy. Besides, we find out the problems that women have faced in labor market and understand why the practical application of the welfare system is different from that originally assumed. Therefore, we hope the legislators will take the working environment and the demands of the women into consideration to develop the welfare system to achieve the goal - the ¡§welfare policy¡¨ can be practice into ¡§welfare life¡¨.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur anställningen av personal inom äldreomsorgen går tillväga samt vilka personer söker enhetscheferna. För att klargöra syftet har vi använt oss av två frågeställningar. Vilka metoder och strategier använder enhetschefen för att hitta lämpliga personer, samt vilka kvalifikationer söker enhetscheferna hos de personer som ska anställas? Vår studie baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med sex enhetschefer inom äldreomsorgen. Det resultat som efter bearbetning och analys framkommit har vi valt att redovisa i olika kategorier. De kategorier som som presenteras i analys och resultatdelen representeras av de metoder, strategier samt kvalifikationskrav som enhetscheferna tillämpar vid anställningar av personer inom äldreomsorgen. I studien kom vi fram till att de metoder enhetscheferna tillämpar vid anställningsförfarandet för att finna lämplig personal är arbetsgruppen, referenser och anställningsintervjun. Lagen om anställningsskydd (LAS)är en strategi som enhetscheferna använder sig av vid anställning. De kvalifikationer som enhetscheferna lägger vikt vid i anställningsförfarandet är bemötande, empati, människovärdet, samarbetsförmåga,flexibilitet, etisk medvetenhet, kommunikationsförmåga samt utbildning. I slutet av denna uppsats förs en diskussion kring de metodet och strategier som används samt de kvalifikationer som eftersöks av enhetscheferna.

Anorexi är en sjukdom som framförallt drabbar flickor, på grund av att sjukdomen i uppskattningsvis 90 % av alla fall är av det kvinnliga könet kan denna anses vara en typisk flickproblematik. Sjukdomen kännetecknas av en kraftig viktnedgång, ångest, depression och tvångstankar. Behandling av sjukdomen är flerårig och i några fall är det en sjukdom som patienten aldrig blir helt frisk från. Ätstörningen kan i vissa fall gå så långt att den leder till döden. De som lider av sjukdomen har en felaktig bild av sig själva och inser ofta inte att de är allvarligt sjuka, det kan därför vara svårt att få dem att gå med på frivilliga former av vård. Trots detta finns det inte några lagliga förutsättningar att tvångsvårda unga med anorexi. Psykisk störning i sig kan inte grunda tvångsvård enligt lag (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga (LVU), utan endast det beteende som störningen ger upphov till. I ett prejudicerande fall från Kammarrätten har slagits fast att det beteende som anorektiker uppvisar som en följd av sin psykiska störning inte faller under begreppet socialt nedbrytande beteende i 3 § LVU. De uppfyller heller inte kravet på allvarlig psykisk störning, som är en av grundförutsättningarna för att lagen (1991:1128) om psykiatrisk tvångsvård (LPT) ska kunna tillämpas. Unga med anorexi befinner sig således i en gråzon, där varken tvångsvård enligt LVU eller LPT kan aktualiseras. Denna gråzon mellan allvarlig psykisk störning och socialt nedbrytande beteende existerar på grund av att lagliga förutsättningar för att tvångsvårda unga med anorexi inte kan erhållas vare sig i LPT eller i LVU, tillhörande förarbetsuttalanden eller rättspraxis. Eftersom anorexi är ett tillstånd där man, ofta ovetandes om sitt egna allvarliga tillstånd, pendlar mellan liv och död bör lagtexten förändras så att unga med anorexi faller inom LVU eller LPT:s ordalydelse.

Thesis (Ph.D, History) -- Queen's University, 2008-08-28 10:23:28.279 / A transformation took place in Upper Canada/Ontario and Nova Scotia during the nineteenth century in institutional care for Canadas indigent aged population, and key provincial initiatives towards the end of the century led to the formation of state funded homes for the aged. The shift from frontier to agricultural and early industrial economies brought a host of social problems. Voluntary organizations were established to provide assistance to needy individuals without family. As demand increased, private charity and local governments looked to the state to provide assistance. Government representatives were determined to be fiscally responsible and state regulated institutions offered a form of social control and cost efficiency. Those in need received assistance in state subsidized institutions such as the Halifax Poors Asylum or Torontos House of Industryeventually some residents began to be termed aged. The process of categorizing all inmates within some state funded institutions as either worker or non-worker led to the eventual segregation of older inmates from those who could contribute towards the cost of their care. As workers were transferred to newly built or renovated sections of an institution, aged inmates remained behind in the older sections. Further, as hospitals and asylums were identified as specialized institutions for those who could be cured and returned to the working community, older patients with nowhere else to go were transferred to houses of industry in Ontario or poor farms in Nova Scotia. By the end of the century, this group was identified as unique and as a result in both provinces, homes for the indigent aged emerged by default rather than design. A comparison of the development of institutional care for the poor aged in Nova Scotia and Upper Canada/Ontario reveals that institutions for the aged developed quite differently in each of the two provinces. The fundamental difference between the two provinces such as when they were settled and by whom, and the very nature of these colonies, serve as the bases for a comparison of the two regions and affords a better understanding of how regional differences shaped the development of institutional care for the indigent aged. / Ph.D

No description available.

Abstract After the martial law was lifted in Taiwan, the policy objectives to allocating the resources for social welfare have been changed greatly. Disadvantaged groups have began ask social welfare as a political appeal for public concerns. Now, more and more people care about the voices of demanding the authority to renew the unfair and unjust social welfare policy formerly set up under the era of authoritarian rule so as to re-allocate the resources of social welfare. In 2000, Democratic Progress Party (DPP) win the presidential election which the ruling party was changed the first time in Taiwan. The campaign slogan ¡§welfare for all¡¨ and the political goal of fulfilling ¡§transitional justice¡¨ DDP advocated for a long time have become the benchmark for evaluating whether the resources of social welfare are reasonably allocated after democratization. As to research methodology, the study would be based on the approach of more integrated allocation of resources for social welfare to expound respectively and integrate the social welfare ideologies, expenditure of welfare budgets and policy options of DDP and KMT. As to the research themes, besides comparing with the phenomena of unequal, unjust allocation of resources for social welfare under the era of authoritarian rule, the author would also illustrate the status quo of reallocation of resources for social welfare after democratization by empirical analysis and bring some new thoughts to evaluate whether the reformation of social welfare meets the demands for equality and justice; furthermore, reinforces the ¡§sense of solidarity¡¨ among Taiwan residents so as to promote the construction of ¡§moral community¡¨ in Taiwan society. The research results found the welfare systems for military and veterans laid down by both KMT and DPP are quite similar as conservative ideology that makes military and veterans the biggest beneficiary of practical expenditure of social welfare over the years. Though the ratio of welfare resources they received has been decreased year by year, the reasons just come from the number of beneficiary are diminished and the social welfare of non- military and non-veterans are increased, while the ratio of individual benefits are enhanced, it¡¦s still far away from equalized social welfares. As to welfare policy, the structural natures of welfares for soldiers and veterans still haven¡¦t been comprehensively reformed under KMT rule after democratization and the ruling party was changed.therefore, the author suggests that the welfares for military and veterans should be reviewed, reconsidered openly and legalized swiftly so as to acquire legal basis and win public recognition, then would the ¡§sense of solidarity¡¨ be promoted and the ¡§moral community¡¨ established. Keywords: Allocation of Social Welfare Resources, Military, Veterans

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling Psychology, 2007. / Title from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 25, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: A, page: 0519. Adviser: Michael L. Tracy.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2009. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: A, page: . Advisers: Charlene Harrington; Craig R. Cohen.