<p>The aim with the literature study was to describe how persons with dementia and health care workers in the geriatric care experiences soft massage and to describe the derived effects for persons with dementia. Scientific articles were sampled from the databases: Medline (Pub Med), Cinahl and Psyc INFO. The main results of the study are presented in three parts: how persons with dementia experiences soft massage, health care workers experiences of giving soft massage and the health care workers descriptions on derived effects on persons with dementia. The results showed that persons with dementia experienced a positive reaction to soft massage and the health care workers did no longer feel helpless in their care service towards persons with dementia. The studies showed that soft massage decreased agitation, wandering, pain and sleeplessness. Not all persons with dementia was receptive to soft massage, therefore an ethical awareness was required by the health care workers.</p>

The aim with the literature study was to describe how persons with dementia and health care workers in the geriatric care experiences soft massage and to describe the derived effects for persons with dementia. Scientific articles were sampled from the databases: Medline (Pub Med), Cinahl and Psyc INFO. The main results of the study are presented in three parts: how persons with dementia experiences soft massage, health care workers experiences of giving soft massage and the health care workers descriptions on derived effects on persons with dementia. The results showed that persons with dementia experienced a positive reaction to soft massage and the health care workers did no longer feel helpless in their care service towards persons with dementia. The studies showed that soft massage decreased agitation, wandering, pain and sleeplessness. Not all persons with dementia was receptive to soft massage, therefore an ethical awareness was required by the health care workers.

I omvårdnaden använder sjuksköterskan beröringen dagligen vilken blir en central del för både patienten och sjuksköterskan. Vid sjukdom kan behovet av beröring komma till att öka, därmed får sjuksköterskans beröring större betydelse. Då mjuk massage är ett komplement kan den tillgodose detta behov. Mjuk massage är ett samlingsbegrepp för olika men liknande tekniker, bland annat taktil massage, taktil stimulering, mjuk vävnads massage och beröringsmassage. Syftet med studien var att ur mottagarens perspektiv undersöka betydelsen av mjuk massage i omvårdnaden. En allmän litteraturstudie gjordes baserad på nio vetenskapliga artiklar. Vid analysen av artiklarna framkom två kategorier och sju underkategorier som var: Trygghet: Massageterapeutens betydelse, Att känna sig sedd samt Att känna samhörighet. Vila: Omgivningens betydelse, Att uppleva kroppen som en helhet, Att uppleva lindring av lidande samt Att uppleva kroppslig energi. Resultatet visade att flera olika faktorer påverkade upplevelsen av den mjuka massagen och blev en hjälp i olika situationer. Med ytterligare forskning utifrån mottagarens perspektiv kan det leda till ökad förståelse och ett ökat intresse för hur den på bästa sätt kan användas i vården. / In the daily care of the patient, touch is used as an intervention. Therefore, the touch becomes a central part for both the patient and the nurse. In case of illness, the need of touch may increase, and the nurse's touch becomes more important. When soft massage is a complement, it can satisfy this need. Soft massage is a collective term for different but similar techniques, among other tactile massage, tactile stimulation, soft tissue massage and touch massage. The aim of the study was to find out the importance of soft massage in nursing from the recipient's perspective. A general literature study was made based on nine scientific articles. The analysis of the articles emerged two categories and seven subcategories that were: Safety: The importance of the massage therapist, feelings of being seen, and feeling togetherness. Rest: The importance of the surroundings, Experience the body as a whole, To experience relief from suffering, as well as to experience bodily energy. The result showed that several factors influenced the experience of the soft massage and helped in different situations. With further research, based on the recipient's perspective, it can lead to increased understanding and increased interest in how the soft massage can be used in the best possible way in the daily care.

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Bakgrund: Rytmisk insmörjning enligt Wegman/Hauschka (RI) är en beröringsterapi inom antroposofisk vård. RI utförs av sjuksköterskor inom landstingsfinansierad integrativ vård. Patienter får RI i primärvård, öppenvård och slutenvård. Det centrala i den antroposofiska synen på kropp, hälsa och lidande överrensstämmer i stor utsträckning med den vårdvetenskapliga livsvärldsteorin. Syfte: Att belysa hur patienter som fått eller får RI i öppenvård upplevt att behandlingen har påverkat dem. Metod: Kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Lundman och Hällgren Graneheim (2012) baserad på semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem patienter.   Resultat: Patienter som fått RI i öppenvård upplevde att deras hälsa förbättrades kroppsligt, själsligt och andligt. Kroppsligt lidande som smärta, nedsatt lungfunktion, tarmbesvär och sömnsvårigheter förbättrades. Själsligt och existentiellt lidande minskade i form av förbättrade kognitiva funktioner och ökad möjlighet att känna avslappning, avgränsning, mening, hopp, bekräftelse, trygghet samt livskraft. Slutsats: I denna studie på patienter i öppenvård liksom i tidigare studier på patienter i slutenvård upplevs RI kunna stärka hälsan kroppsligt, själsligt och existentiellt. RI är en vårdaktivitet där patienten bemöts utifrån ett helhetsperspektiv och vårdvetenskaplig teori omsätts i praktik. Större, jämförande studier med till exempel kontrollgrupp utan behandling eller med läkemedelsbehandling eller samtalsterapi liksom studier över tid är nödvändigt innan RI kan integreras i större utsträckning inom dagens hälso- och sjukvård. / Background: Rhythmical Einreibungen according to Wegman/Hauschka (RE) is a soft massage therapy for use in medicine and nursing extended through anthroposophy. RE is practiced by nurses working with integrative health care in the public financed health system, both with inpatients and outpatients (e.g. in primary care). The ontological definitions of caring science grounded in lifeworld theory of the human body, health and suffering is to a high extent corresponding with anthroposophic medicine. Aim: To explore how outpatients receiving RE have experienced that the therapy have affected them. Method: A quality content analysis, according to Lundman and Hällgren Graneheim (2012), based on semi structured interviews with five patients. Results: A decrease in physical suffering such as pain, reduced lung capacity, IBS and sleeping disorders was experienced. Psychological and spiritual improvement was experienced in cognitive functions, sense of relaxation, meaning, hope, confirmation, security and vitality. Improved health was experienced despite severe illness. Conclusion: RE is a therapy where caring science seems to be put in practice. This study on outpatients receiving RE indicates that it may improve health physically, psychologically and spiritually. The results match with earlier studies on inpatients receiving RE. Further studies, e.g. in comparison with psychotherapy or medical treatments, would be of great interest.