Software testing is a tedious and very expensive undertaking. Automatic test data generation is, therefore, proposed in this research to help testers reduce their work as well as ascertain software quality. The concept of test driven development (TDD) has become increasingly popular during the past several years. According to TDD, test data should be prepared before the beginning of code implementation. Therefore, this research asserts that the test data should be generated from the software design documents which are normally created prior to software code implementation. Among such design documents, the UML state machine diagrams are selected as a platform for the proposed automated test data generation mechanism. Such diagrams are selected because they show behaviours of a single object in the system. The genetic algorithm (GA) based approach has been developed and applied in the process of searching for the right amount of quality test data. Finally, the generated test data have been used together with UML class diagrams for JUnit test code generation. The GA-based test data generation methods have been enhanced to take care of parallel path and loop problems of the UML state machines. In addition the proposed GA-based approach is also targeted to solve the diagrams with parameterised triggers. As a result, the proposed framework generates test data from the basic state machine diagram and the basic class diagram without any additional nonstandard information, while most other approaches require additional information or the generation of test data from other formal languages. The transition coverage values for the introduced approach here are also high; therefore, the generated test data can cover most of the behaviour of the system. / EU Asia-Link project TH/Asia Link/004(91712) East-West and CAMT

Context: Testing is an important activity in software development and is typically estimated to account for nearly half of the efforts in the software development cycle. This puts a great demand on improving the artifacts involved in this task such as the test cases and test suites (a collection of test cases).  Objective: When executing test programs, it is typical to record runtime information associated with the test cases in the form of test execution logs or traces. The aim of this work is to explore how this information can be utilized to improve the software testing process. To this end, two main aspects are investigated which are (1) in the context of test case generation and (2) in the context of different optimizations regarding existing test suites. Furthermore, the role of the logs regarding fault localization in connection with improving the existing test suites is investigated. Method: A systematic literature review is conducted to investigate, identify and analyze the existing literature on test case generation and test suite optimization that utilizes the test execution logs. Results: After a rigorous search in six digital databases, 26 primary studies were identified. 5 of the selected papers propose approaches in the context of test data generation, 8 papers suggest test case prioritization (TCP) techniques, 4 papers discuss approaches in test case selection (TCS), and 5 papers propose approaches in test suite minimization (TSM). Furthermore, we identified, 3 papers that discuss fault localization, and one paper that discussed the decomposition of large test cases into smaller single purpose test cases using the logs from previous test executions. Conclusion: The test execution logs are a useful source of information for different testing activities. Regarding test case generation, the main theme observed is the use of genetic algorithms in attempting to generate appropriate test cases when the alternative might have been to use random test data generation methods. When it comes to improving existing test suites several approaches within TCP, TCS and TSM such as similarity-based, modification-based, cluster-based, and search-based were put forward by the authors of the selected primary studies. Furthermore, several fault localization techniques using the logs were suggested.

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The automotive industry is continuously innovating and adapting new technologies. Along with that, the companies work towards maintaining the quality of a hardware product and meeting the customer demands. Before delivering the product to the customer, it is essential to test and approve it for the safe use. The concept remains the same when it comes to a software. Adapting modern technologies will further improve the efficiency of testing a software. The thesis aims to build a machine learning algorithm for the implementation during the software testing. In general, the evaluation of a generated test report after the testing consumes more time. The built algorithm should be able to reduce the time spent and the manual effort during the evaluation. Basically, the machine learning algorithms will analyze and learn the data available in the old test reports. Based on the learnt data pattern, it will suggest the possible root causes for the failed test cases in the future. The thesis report has the literature survey that helped in understanding the machine learning concepts in different industries for similar problems. The tasks involved while building the model are data loading, data pre-processing, selecting the best conditions for each algorithm and comparison of the performance among them. It also suggest the possible future work towards improving the performance of the models. The entire work is implemented in Jupyter notebook using pandas and scikit-learn libraries.

Today’s software applications are often scattered in many layers, suchas connected to cloud services or third-party solutions. This makes itimportant to ensure that a software application works as intended ina real-world setting, especially when changes are made to the codebase. End-to-End (E2E) tests are made to ensure the software has theexpected behavior from an end-user’s viewpoint. Automation of thesoftware testing process is often implemented since it has the potentialto be more time-efficient than manually inspecting the behavior of thesoftware application. This thesis describes the work of implementing automated E2E tests foran e-learning application. The first step in the project was to identifywhich automated testing tool would best suit the criteria laid out for theproject. The criteria were that the testing tool needed to have supportfor testing in the Chrome browser, support for using JavaScript as theprogramming language, and to be open-source and possible to be usedfree of charge. A literature review and a comparison of the most popu-lar E2E testing tools yielded the result that Playwright was best suitedas the automated testing tool because it has good documentation and isspecifically a tool for implementing End-to-End tests. After that, a testsuite consisting of 11 test cases was implemented in Playwright. Thetest cases were evaluated and improved in an iterative process con-cerning robustness and performance. This project supports previousobservations that automation of the test process is time-consuming inthe initial stage. This thesis concluded that Playwright is a suitable tool to use withinE2E testing, with a low learning curve. Furthermore, it concluded thatthe robustness of the tests is an important factor for the tests to be use-ful in the testing process. Tests that unexpectedly fail on occasion needto be properly investigated. It would be important to have a proper testenvironment where test data can be reset, so all the desired user flowscan get a test case. Developers and testers benefit from working closelytogether. The collaborative company can take the findings from this re-search for future reference, in case they decide to update the company’scurrent testing process.

Automated test generation for Andriod apps with reinforcement learning algorithms often produce test suites with redundant coverage. We looked at minimizing test suites that have already been generated based on state–action–reward–state–action (SARSA) algorithms. In this dissertation, we hypothesize that there is room for improvement by introducing novel hybrid approaches that combine SARSA-generated test suites with greedy reduction algorithms following the principle of Head-up Guidance System (HGS™) approach. In addition, we apply an empirical study on Android test suites that reveals the value of these new hybrid methods. Our novel approaches focus on post-processing test suites by applying greedy reduction algorithms. To reduce Android test suites, we utilize different coverage criteria including event-based criterion (EBC), element-based criterion (ELBC), and combinatorial-based sequences criteria (CBSC) that follow the principle of combinatorial testing to generate sequences of events and elements. The proposed criteria effectively decreased the test suites generated by SARSA and revealed a high performance in maintaining code coverage. These findings suggest that test suite reduction using these criteria is particularly well suited for SARSA-generated test suites of Android apps.

Developing countries like Tanzania experience challenges towards utilization and acceptance of ICT; calling for a need to further research on the concept. Open Source (OS) usage is a potential strategy for addressing such challenges. However, the success of this strategy strongly relies on the strength of the promotional efforts. The study, therefore aims at assessing the OS promotional efforts in relation to ICT acceptance challenges in Tanzania. This study entailed a descriptive, mixed-methods research. A literature analysis, document analysis and observations of OS community activities were conducted in order to list the ICT acceptance challenges. The results formed a basis for survey and interview questions. The findings obtained were triangulated to determine the existing OS promotional activities and assess the effectiveness of the promotional efforts in addressing ICT acceptance challenges in Tanzania. The study also makes recommendations on how OS promotional efforts should be changed to improve their effectiveness. / Computing / (M.Sc. (Information Systems))

Software Quality is a key concern for any companies working with software development. This is true due to the fact that the success of any software directly depends on Quality of software. It is expected that the software is of best quality for a long duration of time. With the introduction of Mobile applications the task of maintaining the quality of an application has been difficult and have faced many challenges. Many companies working with mobile application have reformed their process in order to maintain the quality of their application. The introduction of Automation testing in the test process is one such reform that have changed the face of mobile application testing in today’s world. This work deals with the concepts of Automation System testing for the mobile application which is until now a new thing and it has many things yet to be explored. The approach to automation testing is simple yet unique for the department of PT-MT/Quality Management in Robert Bosch GmbH based in Leinfelden, Stuttgart. Over here a selection and implementation of a test framework will be done for Automation testing of the mobile Applications that are being developed. For this a requirement specification document is being created which will form the basis for selecting a framework from the KT Analysis table. Finally, a framework TestComplete will be implemented for the already developed application "PLR measure&go" The implementation will include all the procedure required to set up the test framework as a part of documentation. The framework TestComplete will be used to create System test for iOS and Android operation system. Lastly the execution of test and the Result reporting is being shown as a complete process for Automation testing.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this work the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS) is introduced for the code veri cation of full-wave frequency dependent electromagnetic computational software. At rst the method is sketched in the context of the veri cation and validation process and the need for proper code veri cation is highlighted. Subsequently, the MMS is investigated in its natural context: the Finite Element Method, speci cally for the E- eld Vector Wave Equation. The usefulness of the method to detect error in a computational code is demonstrated. The selection of Manufactured Solutions is discussed and it is demonstrated how it can be used to nd the probable cause of bugs. Mutation testing is introduced and used to show the ability to detect errors present in code. The MMS is nally applied in a novel manner to a Method of Moments (MoM) code. The challenges of numerical integration associated with the application of the operator is discussed and correct integration is successfully demonstrated. Subsequently the MMS is demonstrated to be successfully applied to the MoM and mutation testing is used to demonstrate the practical e cacy of the method. The application of the MMS to the MoM is the main contribution of this work. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Metode van Vervaardigde Oplossings (MVO) word hier bekend gestel vir die veri kasie van numeriese volgolf frekwensie-afhanklike elektromagnetise kode. Die metode word eerstens in die bre e konteks van algemene veri kasie en validasie geplaas en gevolglik word die noodsaaklikheid van kode veri kasie beklemtoon. Daarna, word die toets-metode in die konteks van die Eindige Element Metode vir die E-veld vektorgolf vergelyking bestudeer. Die MVO is oorspronklik ontwikkel in die di erentiaalvergelyking omgewing. Die bruikbaarheid van die metode vir elektromagnetiese simulasies word prakties gedemonstreer deur die opsporing van werklike foute. Die metode word ook verder ondersoek vir die oorsprong van foute. Mutasietoetsing word bekendgestel en word gebruik om die metode verder prakties te veri eer. Die MVO word laastens in 'n nuwe manier gebruik om 'n Moment Metode kode te veri eer. Die praktiese probleme betrokke by numeriese integrasie word ondersoek en die korrekte toepassing van die integraal operator word prakties gedemonstreer. Daarna, word die MVO in hierdie konteks gedemonstreer deur verskeie voorbeelde te ondersoek. Mutasietoetsing word weereens gebruik om na die e ektiewiteit van die MVO te kyk om 'n Moment Metode kode te toets. Die toepassing van die MVO op 'n Moment Metode kode is die hoof bydrae van hierdie werk.